初中完形填空解题技巧课件.pptx

1、一、完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。第1页/共35页（一）从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学

2、生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二.完形填空的规律是什么？第2页/共35页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1.句子层次的设空例：(2007年中考英语试卷 完形填空四选一 保留原题号)I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A.remember B.explain C.hope D.expect答案：A指那些只需读懂设空所在

3、句便可选出答案的题目。第3页/共35页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？2.句群层次的设空前制性设空后制性设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。第4页/共35页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？前制性设空例：It was an English speech contest.My mother asked me to take part in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers a

4、nd students of my school!A.write B.speak C.sing D.dance 后制性设空例：1).Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me”A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew 2).Country music comes from _ kinds of music.One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United Sta

5、tes.The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A.many B.all C.two D.threeBBC第5页/共35页二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？3.语篇性设空 I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti.Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week,hoping to 1 him achieved all Id expected.Soon he will ce

6、lebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.(最后一句话)1.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educateD指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。第6页/共35页1.Mr Black is a doctor,he works in the _.hospital nightno/littlepass butChallenge Yourself2.A nurse not only works in the day,but also works during the_.3.He is rather busy,s

7、o he has _time to have lunch at home.4.We have an English test this term,its very easy,most students can _this test.5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday,they were very tired _happy.第7页/共35页Skill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）In New York,on a Friday night,a young artist stood at the gate of a train

8、 station.He was playing his _16_.His music was so great that many people put money into his hat.The next day,the young artist came to the same place,and played the violin as usual.16.A.piano B.guitar C.violin D.sax【2009 连云港】violinviolin第8页/共35页Skill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）Once a king was walking a

9、round a pool with his ministers（大臣）.Suddenly,he came up with an idea.He asked,“How many baskets of 41 are there in the pool?”.as big as the pool,there is one basket of water41.A.fish B.flowers C.water D.apples【2009 黔东南】basket of waterwaterbaskets of第9页/共35页 When we talked,I discovered（发现）some differ

10、ences in school life between the US and China.For example,each class lasts fifty minutes in the US.It is a little _44_ than that in China.We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.44.A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.later【2009 重庆】fiftySkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）forty-five第10页/共35页Skill 2：logic（逻辑

11、推理）（逻辑推理）My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?”I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 17 ，Mommy”She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聋的）17.A.ears B.eyes C.body D.head【2009 苏州】sounddeaf第11页/共35页 When two people are in a conversation,the speaker wi

12、ll only look at the listener from time to time,in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention 48 what he or she is speaking48.A.for B.of C.with D.to【2009 兰州】pay attentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）第12页/共35页Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）In the morning,the king went

13、to visit the pond.To his surprise,the pond was only filled with water!What happened?Yes!Everyone had the same idea 48 that man.48.A.with B.to C.as D.of【2009 泰安】the sameas第13页/共35页Skill 4：grammar analysis（语法分析）（语法分析）As a reporter,I think I will meet lots of people and I should be friendly to them.I t

14、hink Ill also make many good 25 and live with them,because I dont like living alone.25.A.friend B.friends C.friends D.friends【2009 泸州】manys第14页/共35页Skill 5：background knowledge（背景知识）（背景知识）All over the world people swim for fun.Swimming is enjoyed by people of 32 ages,from the very young to the very

15、old.There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools.32.A.all B.none C.some D.both【2009 东营】第15页/共35页1、context（上下文、语境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）4、grammar analysis（语法分析）5、background knowledge（背景知识）第16页/共35页Step 1：Read-through（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）第17页/共35页Step 2：Easy fi

16、rst,hard later （瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）第18页/共35页BACBToday,I am very happy to have a meeting with you.At the meeting we will talk about the _31_we have these days.We all know the problems of _32_ and the objects falling from windows are getting worse.We have _33_ lots of letters about such pr

17、oblems.So_34_ is time for possible ways to work out these problems.problemsletters第19页/共35页 Some dog-owners dont_35_ their dogs well enough,and they let their dogs make mess on the roads and in gardens.This makes the environment _36_.I would like to tell the dog-owners _37_ their behavior is too bad

18、,and at the same time they are_38_ people feel unhappy.We should keep the environment _39_.DBDAA第20页/共35页 It is reported that some people_40_ rubbish out of the windows.It is dangerous because falling objects _41_hurt others.It is against the law.We should put up a notice to teach people not to do s

19、o.If it is found,we will record the_42_ and address of those people who throw objects.Then,a warning will be given and_43_ will be punished by law.CADC第21页/共35页 A safe and comfortable living environment is important to us._44_ we try our best to care for our community,it will be a good place to_45_

20、in.Thank you for your coming.AB第22页/共35页BACBADBDACADCABStep 2：Easy first,hard later（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）第23页/共35页Step 3:Re-read and check（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）第24页/共35页1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破2mins10mins2mins第25页/共35页Homework:【2009北京】北京】第26页/共35页BCADDCBBDAAC【2009北京】北京】第2

21、7页/共35页第28页/共35页Step 1：Read-though（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）第29页/共35页Step 2：Easy first,hard later （瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）第30页/共35页Step 3:Re-read and check（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）第31页/共35页ACBDACABBDACDBD【2009宁波】宁波】第32页/共35页Tips to Close Test:Tips to Close Test:1 1注重首、尾句。注重首、尾句。

22、2 2克服畏难、急躁情绪克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心通读全文。耐心通读全文。3 3切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答 案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。4 4动笔时先易后难动笔时先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或注意从文中同样结构或 类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。5 5如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从 语篇语篇(前提示、后暗示前提示、后暗示)意义上加以鉴别。意义上加以鉴别。第33页/共35页 Close tests are interesting and challenging,though difficult.第34页/共35页感谢您的欣赏！第35页/共35页