高考英语二轮复习：语篇部分 专题三完形填空 第2讲 Word版含答案.doc

1、第2讲夹叙夹议文夹叙夹议文是近年来高考完形填空常见的一种体裁，这类体裁的文章一般具有哲理性，往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中领悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。在语言方面，这类体裁的文章既有记叙文的特点，同时又具有议论文的特点。在结构上，该文体采用“先叙后议”、“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”的写作模式，旨在在记叙的基础上，通过议论的手段，说明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。1分析结构，抓住作者观点。在做题时大家要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。2重视首句，把握文章主题。首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主

2、题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作目的，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。3叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵。夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。4抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。真题导练(2019全国卷)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to

3、climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _41_ with them lots of waste. The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the _43_ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im _44_ about the placeother destinations are described as “purer” natural

4、experiences.However, I soon _45_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _46_ among tons of rubbish. I find a _47_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are _48_ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be

5、_49_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _50_， in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are _51_ as spiritual places by many cultures. This _52_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _53_ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly

6、 at 3,000 meters, _54_ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather _55_low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I _56_ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland _57_：gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. _58_ you climb into an ar

7、cticlike zone with _59_ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro _60_ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观情况。41根据第一段第一句可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以

8、他们攀登的时候带来很多垃圾。故选D。42联系上文中的“about 40,000 people”可知，这些人群有可能破坏这个地方的美。故选C。43联系上文中的“The glaciers are disappearing”可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞力马扎罗山的面貌。故选C。44联系下文“other destinations are described as purer natural experiences”可知，其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏的报道表示怀疑。故选B。45联系下文的“much has changed”可知，作者发现了乞力马扎罗山的变化。故选

9、A。46联系下文中的“with toilets at camps”可知，这里报道的是营地。故选C。47联系上文“However (然而)”及下文“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可推知，作者看到的是干净的山。故选D。41A.keep BmixCconnect Dbring42A.stories BbuildingsCcrowds Dreporters43A.position BageCface Dname44A.silent BskepticalCserious Dcrazy45A.discover BargueCdecide Dadvoca

10、te46A.equipment BgrassCcamps Dstones47A.remote BquietCtall Dclean48A.new BspecialCsignificant Dnecessary49A.paying off Bspreading outCblowing up Dfading away50A.atmosphere BexperienceCexperiment Dsight51A.studied BobservedCexplored Dregarded52A.view BqualityCreason Dpurpose53A.scientists BclimbersCl

11、ocals Dofficials54A.holding on to Bgoing back toCliving up to Dgiving way to55A.changes BclearsCimproves Dpermits56A.match BimagineCcount Dadd57A.village BdesertCroad Dlake58A.Obviously BEasilyCConsequently DFinally59A.permanent BlittleCfresh Dartificial60A.enjoy BdeserveCsave Dacquire48.上文提到乞力马扎罗山有

12、众多游客，而且有很多垃圾，还有令人心烦的诸多报道，由此可知，这里面临的环境挑战是重大的。故选C。49联系前文的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在奏效。故选A。50联系下文“reaching the top”可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗山最好的爬山体验并不是登顶。故选B。51联系空后的“by many cultures”可知，山在很多文化中被看作是灵魂之地。故选D。52结合上文的“文化观”，再联系下文的“go through five ecosystems”可知，这种“经历五种生态系统”的景色在乞力马扎

13、罗山表现尤为明显。故选A。53联系上文的“Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro . ”可知，爬山者可以经历五种生态系统。故选B。54联系上文的“It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters”可知，热带雨林在3,000米处突然中止，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的土地。故选D。55上文介绍了五种生态系统中的两种，再联系下文的“low clouds envelop the mountainsides”可知，在这里气候又发生了变化。故选A。56联系空后的“twelve shades of green”可

14、知，作者数出了12种绿色。故选C。57联系冒号后的“gravel, stones and rocks”可知，4,000米以上是荒漠。故选B。58上文介绍了从山下到山上的五个生态系统，所以这里说最后爬到了一个像北极圈一样的区域。故选D。59联系空前的“climb into an arcticlike zone”可知，攀登者到了一个像北极圈的地方，所以这里是指常年/永久积雪。故选A。60联系下文的“I found the opposite to be true.”可知，作者在这里进行反问：乞力马扎罗山真的应该得到游人如织，破坏了其平和景象的拥挤山脉这一名声吗？ 故选B。过关检测(限时：45分钟)(

15、2019江苏省兴化一中高三考前适应性考试)Just several days ago, a violent storm hit our community. I looked out of the window and witnessed a tree being _1_ by the fierce winds. The branches bent, and swayed back and forth, thanks to their _2_ to avoid breaking. The leaves desperately stuck to the branches because thei

16、r life _3_ the tree. The powerful trunk that _4_ the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to _5_ its position. After the storm had passed, the tree gracefully returned to its _6_ position standing tall among the chaos. It managed to _7_ the storm. It didnt look the same as

17、 leaves had shed from its branches and the soil had loosened a bit, but what _8_ is that the tree won the fight for its life.For a long time I couldnt understand why this tree _9_ my attention the way it did. As time passed, it became _10_ that it wasnt just about the tree but about the roots, which

18、, although unseen, dig deep into the soil providing _11_ and nutrition. The roots allow the tree to be able to take a _12_ because they are there to support them.I couldnt but ask myself how deep the roots are in my life. _13_， the next time you catch your kids _14_， when the job is driving you craz

19、y, when you are underpaid and the _15_ is tight, and when the storms of life are raging, go back to your roots. Life is full of _16_. They will make you sway, make you _17_， make you lose some leaves but the deeper your roots the stronger you stand.Faced with _18_ you might bend but dont break. No m

20、atter how hard the wind blows dont let life _19_ you into an uncomfortable position. Your _20_ lies in your roots.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者看到大树遭遇强风暴时，虽然树枝摇摆弯曲，树叶飘落，甚至根部的泥土都有些松动，但是泥土深处的强劲根部，不仅给大树输送营养，还保障了大树的稳固性，使其在狂风肆虐之下得以生存。作者由此联想到人生，当我们遇到残酷的挑战时，应该像大树那样，从根部树立坚定的信念和勇往直前的勇气，坚忍不拔，不被困难打倒。1A.crushed Babused

21、Cbroken Dremoved答案：B我向窗外望去，看见一棵树被狂风肆虐着。根据下文描述，这棵树既没有被折断，没有被风移走，也没有被压扁，abuse “虐待”符合语境，因此B项正确。2A.height BthicknessCflexibility Doutline答案：C结合前面的“The branches bent, and swayed back and forth”可知，树枝弯曲，来回摆动，多亏了它们的柔韧性，才得以避免折断。flexibility “柔韧性”符合句意。3A.answered for Bdepended onCcatered for Dtouched on答案：B根据前

22、面的“The leaves desperately stuck to the branches”树叶紧紧附在树枝上，因为它们的生命依赖于树，depend on “依赖于”，符合句意，因此B项正确。4A.held Btied Cpulled Draised答案：A结合后面的“the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to”可知，强大的树干支撑着树，使得它在保持自己位置的战斗中，只是稍微向后弯曲。held是hold的过去式，在这里意为“支撑”，故A项正确。5A.achieve Breach Cestabl

23、ish Dmaintain答案：D根据上文“the tree upright bent slightly backwards from the force in a battle to”及常识可知，为了防止被连根拔起，大树在风暴中努力保持自己的位置，因此D项正确。6A.current Bfinal Coriginal Dcomfortable答案：C结合前面的“After the storm had passed, the tree gracefully returned to”和后面的“standing tall among the chaos”可知，风暴过后，这棵树又优雅地回到了原来的位置

24、，高高耸立在一片狼藉中。因此C项正确。7A.explore Bavoid Cchase Dsurvive答案：D它努力在风暴中生存下来。survive “幸存，存活”，符合语境，故D项正确。8A.counts Bdiffers Cconcerns Dreveals答案：A根据后面的“is that the tree won the fight for its life”可知，重要的是，这棵树赢得了这场生存之战。count在此为不及物动词，意为“重要；要紧”， 故A项正确。9A.fixed Btransferred Cescaped Dcaught答案：D很长一段时间我都不明白，为什么这棵树会以

25、这种方式引起我的注意。catch ones attention为固定搭配，意为“引起某人的注意”，故D项正确。10A.strange Bobvious Cpossible Dreasonable答案：B随着时间的推移，原因变得很明显了，obvious “明显的”，符合语境，故B项正确。11A.surroundings Bresources Cprobability Dstability答案：D引起我注意的不仅仅是树本身，还包括它的根，虽然看不见，却深深地扎根于地下，给树提供稳定性(使树牢固地站立)和营养。stability意为“稳定性”，符合语境，故D项正确。12A.beating Bstan

26、d Cchance Dturning答案：A根据下文“because they are there to support them”可知，树根使得树能够经受挫折。take a beating固定搭配，“受打击，经受挫折”，因此A项正确。13A.However BThereforeCNevertheless DBesides答案：B空格前一句“I couldnt but ask myself how deep the roots are in my life.”(我不禁问自己，我生命中的根有多深)和后面的“下一次当你发现你的孩子时，当你的工作快把你逼疯时，当你的工资过低，你的又很紧张时，当生命的

27、风暴肆虐时，回到你的根部。”可知前后两句属于因果关系。therefore表因果，因此B项正确。14A.misbehaving BstrugglingCwithdrawing Dmisunderstanding答案：A与下文的“driving you crazy”和“when you are underpaid”意义呼应，此处表示“当你发现孩子行为不端时”。misbehaving “举止失礼，行为不端”，故A项正确。15A.security BdeadlineCmoney Dcommunity答案：C根据上下文语境可知，money与前面的单词“underpaid”相对应，即当你感觉报酬过低，用钱

28、紧张时，因此C项正确。16A.surprises Bchoices Cstorms Dchanges答案：C根据前面几句话中所提到的各种各样的人生挫折，此处表示“人生充满风暴”，所以C项正确。17A.smile BbendChesitate Dadvance答案：B由前面的“sway”和后面的“lose some leaves”可知，它们会使你摇摆，使你弯曲，使你失去一些叶子，但是你的根越深，你站得越稳。第18空后的bend也是提示。因此B项符合语境。18A.opportunities BchallengesCtasks Ddifferences答案：B根据后面的“you might bend

29、 but dont break”可知，面对挑战，你可能会弯曲，但是不会折断。challenge意为“挑战”，符合语境，因此B项正确。19A.trick Bargue Cforce Dadmit答案：C结合前面的“No matter how hard the wind blows dont let life”可知，无论风暴有多么强烈，都不要让生活逼迫自己处于不舒服的境地。force sb. into固定短语，意为“强迫某人”，因此C项正确。20A.courage BambitionCvalue Dstrength答案：D根据语境，你的力量就在你的根上。上一段最后一句话中的“the deeper

30、your roots the stronger you stand”是对本题答案的提示，即：根系越深站得越稳，就是说你的力量来自于你坚实的根基，所以D项正确。(2019陕西省高三教学质量检测)Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class. Yaser was an international student from Jordan. He was _1_ to get to know an American. Yaser hoped that he and Steve would _2_ good friends.As first, St

31、eve seemed very friendly. He always greeted Yaser _3_ before class. Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser. He even _4_ Yaser to have lunch with him. But after the first term was over, Steve seemed _5_. One day Yaser decided to call Steve. Steve didnt seem very _6_ in talking to him. Yaser was hur

32、t by Steves change of attitude.Yaser is a little _7_. He is an outsider to American culture. He doesnt understand the way Americans view _8_. Americans view the word “friend” in a very _9_ way. Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends. These friendships ar

33、e _10_ on common interests. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may _11_. Now Steve and Yaser are no longer classmates, their friendship has _12_.In some cultures friendship means a(n) _13_ lifelong bond between two people. In these _14_ friendships develop slowly, since they are built to

34、last. But American _15_ is not always an offer of true friendship. American _16_ is one of those that change rapidly. Studies show that one out of five American _17_ moves every year.People from the United States may at first seem friendly. Americans often chat easily with _18_. They exchange inform

35、ation about their families, _19_ and work. They may smile warmly and say, “Have a nice day.” However, American friendships _20_ quickly, and they may change just as quickly. So, its necessary to do in Rome as the Romans do.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过叙述Steve和Yaser之间的经历，讲述了美国人对待友谊的观点。1A.puzzled BshockedCexcite

36、d Dworried答案：C根据上文“Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class. Yaser was an international student from Jordan.”的提示可知，他很兴奋(excited)能认识一个美国人。2A.continue BbecomeCadvocate Dsubmit答案：B根据上文“He was _1_ to get to know an American.”的描述可知，Yaser希望他和Steve能成为(become)好朋友。3A.anxiously BnervouslyCstrongly D

37、warmly答案：D根据上文“As first, Steve seemed very friendly.”的描述可知，课前他总是热情地(warmly)问候Yaser。4A.invited BapprovedCforbade Drejected答案：A根据上文“Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser.”的提示可知，此处与上文语义上形成递进关系，所以此处为他甚至邀请(invited) Yaser和他一起吃午饭。5A.optimistic BfamiliarCdistant Daccessible答案：C根据下文“One day Yaser decided

38、to call Steve. Steve didnt seem very _6_ in talking to him.”的提示可知，两人之间的关系发生了变化，所以此处为当第一学期结束后，Steve显得很疏远了(distant)。6A.encouraged BinterestedCembarrassed Dinspired答案：B上文“But after the first term was over, Steve seemed _5_.”体现转折含义，由此判断他决定打电话给Steve，但Steve看起来对与他讲话不感兴趣(interested)。7A.satisfied Bfascinated

39、Cdelighted Dconfused答案：D根据下文“He is an outsider to American culture. He doesnt understand the way Americans view _8_.”的描述可知，此处为对此他有点困惑(confused)。8A.friendship BownershipCscholarship Dcitizenship答案：A根据下文“Americans view the word friend in a very _9_ way.”的提示可知，此处为他不理解美国人看待友谊(friendship)的方式。9A.regular B

40、usualCgeneral Dsimilar答案：C根据下文“Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends.”的描述可知，美国人关于朋友的界定没有太多的限制，所以此处为美国人以非常广泛的(general)意义看待“朋友”这个词。10A.taken BbasedCgrown Dmade答案：B根据语境可知，这些友谊是依据(based)他们共同的兴趣(而建立起来的)。be based on . 意为“以为依据”。11A.fail BfallCdelay Dfade答案：D根据

41、上文“These friendships are _10_ on common interests. When the shared activity ends”的提示可知，此处为他们的友谊可能会逐渐消失(fade)。12A.changed BmanagedCarranged Dranged答案：A根据上文“When the shared activity ends, the friendship may _11_.”的描述可知，此处表示现在他们不再是同学了，他们的友谊也变了(changed)。13A.recent BinstantCstrong Dfinal答案：C根据下文“American

42、 _16_ is one of those that change rapidly.”的提示可知，美国人对待友谊的观点不同于其他文化，所以此处为在一些文化中，友谊意味着两个人之间牢固的(strong)终生的纽带。14A.creatures BculturesClectures Dpictures答案：B根据上文中的“In some cultures friendship means a(n) . two people.”可知，此处为原词复现，所以此处为在这些文化(cultures)中，友谊发展得很缓慢。15A.goodness BhappinessCbrightness Dfriendline

43、ss答案：D根据语境可知，但是美国人的友好(friendliness)并不总是真正的友谊。16A.society BactivityCauthority Dquantity答案：A根据下文“Studies show that one out of five American _17_ moves every year.”的提示可知，这是一个社会问题，所以此处为美国社会(society)是一个快速变化的社会。17A.apartments BhousesCfamilies Ddepartments答案：C根据上文“American _16_ is one of those that change

44、rapidly.”的提示可知，此处为研究表明，每年有五分之一的美国家庭(families)搬家。18A.participants BstrangersCcolleagues Dmembers答案：B根据上文“People from the United States may at first seem friendly.”的提示可知，此处为美国人常常很容易与陌生人(strangers)聊天。19A.offence BforestsCprejudice Dhobbies答案：D根据上文中的“Americans often chat easily with _18_.”可知，此处为美国人会与这些陌生人交流他们的家庭、爱好(hobbies)及工作信息。20A.develop BflowCdisappear Drevolve答案：A根据上文“Americans often chat . and work.”以及下文“and they may change just as quickly”的提示可知，美国人的友谊发展(develop)得很快，变化得也很快。强化特训9夹叙夹议文(限时：35分钟)