Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures （ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Restrictive relative clauses(I)Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures1.my red tractor2.two beautiful pictures 3.a few mixtures 4.I have something important to tell you.5.I need a room to live in.6.the white and black dog sleeping under the tree7.The old lady killed in the accident yesterday has been b

2、uried.定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征。eg:1.She is a beautiful girl.(前置)2.English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master.（后置）（后置）什么是定语？什么是定语？定语从句的基本定义定语从句的基本定义放在名词或代词后面，由放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词关系代词或或关系副词关系副词引引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。This is the boy who won the first prize in the English S

3、peech Competition.1.：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定语从句后的部分，：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定语从句后的部分，是句子的主句。是句子的主句。2.：修饰主句中的一个名词或代词的句子是定语从句。：修饰主句中的一个名词或代词的句子是定语从句。（修饰（修饰the boy)3.：先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等，它总是出现在：先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等，它总是出现在定语从句的前面。定语从句的前面。4.：关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，：关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，在从句中。在从句中。分为关分为关系代词和关系副词。系代词和关系副词。Find and underline t

4、he restrictive relative clauses in the sentence below.The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great grandma cannot forget.The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupt.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the

5、country.课本课本P52 Ex1 Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Educator.关系代词关系代词 关系代词在定语从句中关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表作主语、宾语、表语语，常用的关系代词有：，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose小粉小粉P76-语法精讲语法精讲1.who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语。指人，在从句

6、中做主语或宾语。【典型例句】【典型例句】The boys who are playing football are from Class one.正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略。指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略。【典型例句【典型例句】Mr Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。温磬提示温磬提示关系代词关系代词whom在口语和非正式文体中常可用在口语和非正式文体中常可用who或或tha

7、t来代替来代替,也可省略。也可省略。The man(whom/who/that)you met just now is my old friend.你刚才遇见的那个人是我的老朋友。你刚才遇见的那个人是我的老朋友。3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时做宾语时常可省略常可省略。【典型例句【典型例句】Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩喜欢的运动。足球是大多数男孩喜欢的运动。This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.这就是他昨天买的钢笔

8、。这就是他昨天买的钢笔。4.that 指人时指人时,相当于相当于who或或whom;指物时指物时,相当于相当于 which。在定语从句中做主语或宾语，。在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可做宾语时常可省略。省略。典型例句典型例句The number of people that/who come to visit the city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达到一百万。每年来参观这座城市的人数达到一百万。The season that/which comes after spring is summer.春天过后的季节是夏天。春天过后

9、的季节是夏天。whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。【典型例句【典型例句】He has a friend whose father is a doctor.他有一个朋友的爸爸是医生他有一个朋友的爸爸是医生I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经坍塌的房子里。我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经坍塌的房子里。归纳拓展归纳拓展whose指物时，常可用下列结构来代替：指物时，常可用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon

10、 be repaired.=The classroom,the door of which is broken,will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?在限制性定语从句中，指物时在限制性定语从句中，指物时that和和 which常可互换。但在下列常可互换。但在下列几种情况下一般用几种情况下一般用that，较少用，较少用which。1.当先行词是当先行词是 everything,anything,nothi

11、ng,something,all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时等不定代词时,或当先行词被或当先行词被 every,any,all,some,no,lite,few,much等词修饰时。等词修饰时。【典型例句】【典型例句】There is little that I can do for you.所有能为你做的我都做了。所有能为你做的我都做了。2.当先行词当先行词被序数词修饰被序数词修饰时。时。【典型例句】【典型例句】The first place that they visited in London was the Elizabeth Tower.在伦敦他们参观的第一

12、个地方是伊丽莎白塔。在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是伊丽莎白塔。3.当先行词当先行词被形容词最高级被形容词最高级修饰时。修饰时。【典型例句】【典型例句】This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。这是我看过的最好的电影。4.当先行词被当先行词被 the very,the only等词修饰等词修饰时。时。【典型例句典型例句】After the fire in his house,the old car was the only thing that he owned.家里发生火灾后，那辆旧车是他唯一拥有的。家里发生火灾后，那辆旧车是

13、他唯一拥有的。5.当先行词当先行词前面有前面有who,which等疑问词等疑问词时。时。【典型例句【典型例句】Who is the man that is standing by the gate?站在大门口的那个人是谁站在大门口的那个人是谁?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?哪件哪件T恤衫最适合我恤衫最适合我?6.当关系代词在定语当关系代词在定语从句中充当表语从句中充当表语时。时。【典型例句【典型例句】They are no longer the men that they used to be.他们不再是以前那样的人了。他们不再是以前那样的人了。

14、7.当先行词中当先行词中既有既有“人人”又有又有“事物事物”时。时。【典型例句【典型例句】They talked about the things and people that they saw in that country.他们谈论在那个国家见到的人和事。他们谈论在那个国家见到的人和事。1.当先行词是当先行词是one,the one,ones,anyone,those等代词时。等代词时。【典型例句】【典型例句】Those who respect others are usually respectedby others.尊重别人的人通常会得到别人的尊重尊重别人的人通常会得到别人的尊重2.

15、在在 there be句型中。句型中。【典型例句】典型例句】There are many people who are against the plan.许多人反对这个计划。许多人反对这个计划。课堂小结课堂小结）关系代词修饰句子成分that人/物主/宾which物主/宾who人主/宾whom人宾whose人/物定*关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时可以省略Complete each sentence with that,which,who,whose,whom or/.1.Here are some of the people _ homes were destroyed by the typhoo

16、n.2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _ were asleep.3.The next day,people put up shelters in the open air using anything _ they could find.whosewhothat/省略（书本（书本P52 Ex2P52 Ex2）4.Several days later,most of the buildings _ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.5.The

17、injured boy _ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.6.The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by _ she was rescued.7.Is this young boy _ saved several other students trapped under buildings?that/whichwhosewhomwho()1.This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.A.that B.

18、who C.whom D.this()2.The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher.A.whom B.which C.who D./()3.The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A.which B.that C./D.itA CB巩固练习：巩固练习：1.选择题选择题()4.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.A.which B.in which C.

19、that D.all()5.This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year.A.who B.whom C.which D./()6.The boy _ has two lovely dogs.A.who live next door B.which lives next door C.whom lives next door D.that lives next doorCDD()7.Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands.

20、A.which B.whom C.that D.who()8.Dont go in,this is the shop _ we have just been _.A./,to B.that,/C.where,to D.which,there()9.October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget.A.when B.that C.where D.in whichDA B 1.The girl _is standing who/that巩固练习：巩固练习：2.用适当的关系词填空用适当的关系词填空(2)The dress is new.She is wear

21、ing it.(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.巩固练习：巩固练习：3.用定语从句合并句子用定语从句合并句子(3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous in the world.whom that (2)The dress is new

22、.She is wearing it.The dress which she is wearing is new.that (1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.(3)He is the kind person.I have ever worked with him.(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person who I have ever worked with.whom that This is

23、 the best film that I have ever seen.巩固练习：巩固练习：4 用适当的关系词补全下面短文。Last summer,I made friends with some people 1._ are completely different from me.In July,I went to Mexico City to study Spanish for a month.In our group,there was a teacher 2._ was much older than I.We became really good friends.In my fi

24、rst week,I had a problem 3._ was getting me down.who/that who/that which/that Mexico City is a city 4._ has a lot of attractions.As a result,I went out all the time and I stopped going to my classes.Bob helped me get back into my studies.He was a boy 5._ I met on a trip and 6._ home I visited freque

25、ntly.He always told me stories 7._ were interesting and encouraging.Although we had different personalities(性格性格),we became the best of friends.which/that whom/who/that whose which/that巩固练习：巩固练习：4 根据所给汉语提示，用定语从句完成下列句子。1.This is the best film _(我看过的我看过的).2.He has a daughter _(在医院工作的在医院工作的).3.The tree _(叶子变红了的叶子变红了的)is an old one.4.The girl _(老师经常老师经常表扬的表扬的)is our monitor.5.Those _(想去博物馆想去博物馆的的)must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.(that)I have ever seenwho/that works in a hospitalwhose leaves turn red Homework