Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures （ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Welcome UnitDiscovering Useful StructuresAnalyse basic sentence structuresWhat sentence elements do you know?S(subject)主语V(verb)谓语O(object)宾语P(predicative)表语A(adverbial)状语DO(direct object)直接宾语IO(indirect object)间接宾语C(object complement)宾语补足语主语主语 是句子的主体，是说明的对象。通常由名词或名词短语、代词 以及v-ing等充当。谓语谓语 说明主语所做的动作或具

2、有的特征和状态，有完整的时态和语 态，一般在主语之后，由动词构成。宾语宾语 表示动作的对象或行为的承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后 面(动宾&介宾)，一般由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式（短 语）、动名词（短语）等充当。表语表语 位于系动词后，用来说明主语的特点，表明主语的性质特征。状语状语 一般是副词或介词短语，用来说明动作的程度、地点或时间等。定语定语 起修饰、限定名词或代词的作用，分前置定语和后置定语。一 般由形容词、名词、形容词性物主代词、数词、介词短语、动 词不定式（短语）、分词（短语）或从句充当。宾语补足语宾语补足语 位于宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明，使句子的意义完整。主语主语谓语谓

3、语宾语宾语表语表语状语状语定语定语宾语补足语宾语补足语Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语 SVAll of us laughed!He is playing.He will come.主语+表语 SP谓语是主语所做的动作。表语是对主语特征的描述。The teacher was kind and friendly.She is beautiful.He is a doctor.Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语 SVAll of us laughed!He is playing.He will come.主语+谓语+宾语 S

4、VO谓语一般是不及物动词。谓语必须是及物动词。I miss my grandma.She is learning French.He enjoys reading.Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S V IO DOHe told us a funny story.I bought my father a present.She showed her students the technique.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 SVOC直接宾语和间接宾语一般都是名词或代词。I found most of my classmates and

5、 teachers friendly and helpful.They named their cat Huahua.宾语补足语与其前面的宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系，可以是形容词、名词、介词短语、副词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词。（转下页）（转下页）Study the sentence structures.（接上页）（接上页）SVOCI found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.(形容词)They named their cat Huahua.(名词)She always keeps everything in

6、 good order.(介词短语)He found his teacher out when he called on him.(副词)My mother wants me to take a break from my work.(动词不定式)I suddenly found someone running down the street.(现在分词)We saw the road covered with snow.(过去分词)Study the sentence structures.经常接双宾语的动词有：give,show,bring,pass,lend,tell,teach,wri

7、te,buy,sing等。e.g.Give your mother the letter.The hospital agreed to lend us a wheelchair.She is teaching us sign language.经常接复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）的动词有：let,see,watch,hear,help,feel,call,make,find,tell,ask等。e.g.Dont let her upset you.She watched the kids playing in the yard.My mother made me wash the dishes

8、 after dinner.Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语+状语 SVAHe talked too much.All students worked very hard.It rains heavily.主语+谓语+宾语+状语 SVOAI had my first maths class at senior high school.I go to the cinema every weekend.He loves his new bike a lot.谓语是不及物动词。谓语是及物动词。Study the sentence structures.状语有时间

9、状语、地点状语、原因状语、目的状语、结果状语、条件状语、方式状语和让步状语。e.g.I study hard at school every day to get good grades.(方式状语)(地点状语)(时间状语)(目的状语)He was late because he got up late.(原因状语)Bend the wire so that it forms a“V”.(结果状语)I go to school by bike.(方式状语)If you try your best,you will succeed.(条件状语)Although he is two years o

10、ld,he can dress himself.(让步状语)Study the sentence structures.There be 句型Theres a lot to explore at senior high.There are two people waiting outside.There must be easier ways of doing this.意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。注意主谓一致，遵循“就近原则”。Study the sentence structures.基本句型1 SV主语+谓语（不及物动词）基本句型2 SP主语+表语基本句型3 S

11、VO主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语基本句型4 S V IO DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语基本句型5 SVOC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语基本句型6 SVA主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语基本句型7 SVOA主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+状语基本句型8 There be.ExerciseComplete part 2 on page 6.1 The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city.2 We must act.3 The maths homework looks easy.4 The teacher found the cla

12、ssroom empty.5 My mum bought me a new dictionary.6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.7 There is an English Corner at our school.8 We had chemistry in the newly built lab.ExerciseComplete part 2 on page 6.1 The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city.2 We must act.

13、3 The maths homework looks easy.4 The teacher found the classroom empty.5 My mum bought me a new dictionary.6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.7 There is an English Corner at our school.8 We had chemistry in the newly built lab.SVASVSPSVOCS V IO DOSVOThere be.SVOAHow would

14、you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time?For Tim,that dream has come true!This term,Tim and his classmates are living on a ship!They take the same subjects as you do,like maths and English.They also learn about ships and the sea.Tim writes his parents an email every week and te

15、lls them what happened on the ship.Tim loves living on the ship.Theres always something exciting to do.And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!ExerciseComplete part 3 on page

16、 6.1 .that dream has come true!2 Tim and his classmates are living on a ship!3 They also learn about ships and the sea.4 Tim writes his parents an email.tells them what happened on the ship.5 Theres always something exciting to do.6 Studying and doing homework seem much more fun.ExerciseComplete par

17、t 3 on page 6.SVSVASVOS V IO DOThere be.SPWords and Expressions Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.(P6)汤姆期待着见到新来的交换生。forward /fwd/adv.(also forwards)向前；前进向前；前进 adj.向前的；前进的向前的；前进的look forward to 盼望；期待盼望；期待（*to为介词，故其后可接名词、代词或为介词，故其后可接名词、代词或v-ing作宾语，不接动词不定式）作宾语，不接动词不定式）The stude

18、nts are looking forward to having an opportunity to explore society for real-life experience.学生们盼望有一个踏足社会寻求实际人生经验的机会。I hope you can accept our invitation.And Im looking forward to your early reply.我希望你能接受我们的邀请。我期待着您的早日回复。The email she had looked forward to arrived yesterday at last and she was very

19、happy.她期盼的邮件昨天终于来了，她很开心。And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.(P6)一整天的学习之后，他喜欢看着太阳落山，等待星星出来。go down (1)（日、月）落到地平线下，落下；（船等）下沉，沉没（日、月）落到地平线下，落下；（船等）下沉，沉没 I like watching the sun go down over the ocean.我喜欢看海上落日。The ship went down to the botto

20、m of the sea on a stormy night.那艘船在一个暴风雨之夜沉入海底。And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.(P6)一整天的学习之后，他喜欢看着太阳落山，等待星星出来。go down (2)（物价等）下跌，（温度等）下降（物价等）下跌，（温度等）下降 The price of new houses in the city has gone down since the end of March.自三月底以来这个城

21、市的新房价格下降。(3)被记下，被写下，载入被记下，被写下，载入（*不用于被动语态）不用于被动语态）go down in history 名垂青史 The firemen who died when they were fighting the fire will go down in history for their brave deeds.在救火中牺牲的消防队员因为勇敢的行为而被后人铭记。And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.(P

22、6)一整天的学习之后，他喜欢看着太阳落山，等待星星出来。come out (1)（太阳、月亮或星星）出现，露出（太阳、月亮或星星）出现，露出 The sun had come out to warm his back.太阳出来了，把他后背晒得暖洋洋的。(2)（花）盛开（花）盛开 I will remember the day forever when the tulips in the garden started to come out.我会永远记得花园里的郁金香刚刚开放的那一天。高频词高频词 And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch t

23、he sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.(P6)一整天的学习之后，他喜欢看着太阳落山，等待星星出来。come out (3)被获知，为人所知被获知，为人所知 The truth is beginning to come out about what happened.真相开始逐渐浮出水面。(4)出版，发行出版，发行 When will your new book come out?你的新书什么时候出版？高频词高频词【即学即练：语法填空】p As the Spring Festival was coming,the children l

24、ooked forward to _(meet)their grandparents in the hometown.p The day we had been looking forward to _(come)at last.【即学即练：词义辨析】p People hope the prices of goods will go down._ p He will go down in history as a great statesman(政治家)._p We sat and watched the sun go down._p The sun came out from behind

25、the clouds late in the afternoon._p The first novel has received good reviews(书评)since it came out last month._p The roses in the garden came out early this year._meetingcame（物价等）下跌被记下，被写入，载入（日、月）落到地平线下出现出版，发行（花）盛开Write sentences about your first day at senior high school in different sentence structures.