Unit 2 The Universal Language 单词及用法-2022新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第一册.docx

1、B4 U2 Words1. compose v.(1)创作（音乐），作曲；撰写Mozart composedhislastoperashortlybeforehisdeath.Shespenthersparetimecomposingpoems.她利用空闲时间写诗。(2)组成,构成(一个整体) 不用于进行时。常见搭配:becomposedof=bemadeupof=consistof (整体)由.组成/构成Wateriscomposedof/ismadeupof/consistsofhydrogenandoxygen.水由氢和氧组成。composer n.C作曲家，创作者composition

2、 n.U成分,构成;作曲,创作; C(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品2. deserve v.值得，应得，应受 不用于进行时。deservedoing/tobedone值得.(主语通常为sth.)deserve+n./pron. 值得.，应得.deservetodosth. 应该做某事(主语通常为sb.)Hischildrensbooksareclassicsthatdeserveknowingmuchbetter/tobemuchbetter known. 他的童书都是经典作品，值得为更多人所知晓。注：deserve有时可用作反语，表示“罪有应得，活该”，常用于get what sb. deser

3、vesPeople who are sent to prison for drinking-driving get what they deserve.3. whisper(1)vt.&vi.小声说，低语whispersth.tosb.对某人低声说某事whisper(sth.)insb.sear在某人耳边低声说(某事)HewhisperedthemessagetoDavidinordertoavoidbeingoverheardbyothers.他悄声把消息告诉了戴维，以免被别人听见。(2) n.C 低语,耳语in awhisper/inwhispers低声地Theytalkedwitheac

4、hotherin a whisper/inwhispersinthecomer.4. overcome v. (overcame-overcome)(1) vt. 受到.的极大影响be overcome by/with. 被.(某种情绪)控制；受到极大影响Herparentswere overcomewithgreat sadnessatthe funeral. 在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝.(2) 克服困难，解决；战胜overcome problems/difficulties/fear(s)/shyness/the enemy解决问题/克服困难/克服恐惧/克服羞怯/战胜敌人5. rely on

5、 =rely upon 依赖，依靠；信任；信赖rely on/upon sb. to do sth.指望/依靠某人做某事rely on/upon it that. 相信/指望.(it为形式主语)The success of this project relies on each of us to spare no effort.You may rely on it that he will come to see you.你放心好了，他会来看你的。reliable a. 可靠的，可信赖的6. guarantee (1) vt.保证，担保guarantee sb. sth. 向某人保证某事gua

6、rantee to do sth.保证做某事guarantee that. 保证.(2) n.保证，担保；保修单under guarantee 在保修期内a guarantee of. .的保障/保证He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.Wealth is not always a guarantee of happiness.7. adaptation(1) n.c改编本，改写本He is working on a screen adaptation of the best-selling book.(2) n.u适应

7、 adaptation to. 对.的适应She made good adaptation to the new surroundings here, which made her parents delighted.adapt v.改编，改写；(使)适应be adapted from 由.改编而来adapt (oneself) to. (使自己)适应. 8. consist of (整体)由.组成/构成=be made up of=be composed of不能用于被动语态和进行时态,但可以用consisting of 作后置定语。Rock music consists of many d

8、ifferent styles.Its a simple dish to prepare, consisting of rice and vegetables.9. defend (1) v. 保卫，防御defend.against/from. 保护/保卫.免受.之害（=protect.against/from）defend against/from. 抵御.A good diet, plenty of sleep and regular exercise can improve our ability to defend against any disease.(2) v.辩解，辩白；为.辩

9、护defend oneself 自我辩护He had to defend himself against their charges.他必须为自己辩解,反驳他们的指控.n. defence in defence of.为了保卫.10. get down to (doing) sth.开始做某事，开始认真注意（对待）某事I have got a lot of work to do, but I cant seem to get down to it.Its high time that we got down to thinking about our future careers.get th

10、rough 接通/打通(电话);设法处理，完成get (sth.) across (to sb.) 把.讲清楚；被理解11. suitable合适的，适宜的，适当的be suitable for sb./sth.适合某人/某物 I dont think he is suitable for the position. be suitable to do sth.适合做某事I dont have anything suitable to wear for the party.suit v. 适合，合心意 c套装 No dish suits all tastes.众口难调.12. distant(

11、1) adj.遥远的，久远的,远处的be distant from sth. 离某物远A short-sighted person cannot focus on distant objects.My hometown is small and distant from the cities.(2) 冷淡的，疏远的，不友好的With time going by, she became more and more distant to us.(3) 远亲的，远房的It was after a family conversation that I found out she was actuall

12、y my distant cousin.distantly adv. distance n.距离；遥远；疏远in the distance在远处 from a distance从远处at a distance of. 在.远的地方(of后跟具体的距离)We can see the waterfall in the distance, whose sound can be heard at a distance of two miles. It looks quite beautiful from a distance.13. stare vi.凝视，盯着看 n.c凝视，注视stare at s

13、b.盯着某人看She stared at the painting, wondering where she had seen it.stare at指长时间盯着某个目标看，且带有粗鲁、茫然或不礼貌的意味。glare at指怒视，强调敌对或威胁态度。glance at 指匆匆一看或瞥一眼，强调看的时间短暂。Its impolite to stare at foreign visitors in the street.She glanced at the envelope and recognized her uncles handwriting.He didnt shout but glare

14、d at me silently14. breath n.呼吸 breathe v.呼吸hold ones breath 屏息以待，焦虑地等待；屏住呼吸They held their breath to see who would win the election.take a deep breath深吸一口气out of breath 喘不过气，上气不接下气15. accompany (1) v.陪同，陪伴be accompanied by. 在.的陪同下Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult when playing this g

15、ame.(2) 伴随，与.同时发生be accompanied byA cold is usually accompanied by sneering and fever.(3) 为.伴奏accompany sb. at/on sth.用某物为某人伴奏16. expectation n.希望，盼望；预料，预期；期待live up to ones expectations 达到某人的期望expect v.期待；预料 expected a.预料的，预期的unexpected a.出乎意料的，始料未及的 unexpectedly adv.17. enthusiastic a.热情的,热心的 be e

16、nthusiastic about (doing) sth. enthusiasm n.热情，热心 with enthusiasm怀着热情enthusiastically adv.热情地18. reputation n.名誉，名声have a good/bad reputation有好/坏名声earn/build/enjoy a reputation 赢得/树立/享有声誉ruin ones reputation 毁坏某人的名声live up to ones reputation名副其实19. prediction n.预言，预测make a prediction/predictionspred

17、ict v.预言，预告，预报It is predicted that. 据预测/据预报It is predicted that the weather will get better tomorrow.predictable a.可预见的，可预测的20. possess vt.有，拥有；具有(特质). 不用于进行时。possession n.u拥有，具有 n.c,usually pl.私人物品，个人财产take possession of. 拥有.in possession of.拥有.（主语通常是人）in the possession of. 为.所有(主语通常是物)The girl is

18、in possession of the car. = The car is in the possession of the girl.21. abandon (1)v.放弃，中止；抛弃；舍弃abandon ones hope/plan/idea(2)v. 陷入，沉湎于(某种情感)abandon oneself to 沉湎于，陷入（to 为介词）Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat, Steven just couldnt help crying.abandoned a.被遗弃的；废弃的；放纵的22. desperate a.(

19、1) a.绝望的，孤注一掷的；拼命的，不惜冒险的He was desperate when he lost all his life-saving money.(2) a.极其需要的，渴望，极想be desperate for sth.极想要某物 The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.be desperate to do sth.极想做某事He was desperate to get a job to support his family.desperation n.u绝望，拼命 in desperation 在绝望中desperately adv.极度地；拼命地；绝望地23. ease n.&v(1) n.u容易，舒适，自在 with ease轻易，毫不费劲at ease 放松He was intelligent and capable of passing his exams with easeKnowing that the children were safe, his mind was at ease.(2) v.减轻，缓解ease the pain/stress/tension/burden减轻疼痛/压力/紧张/负担