2022新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第三册全册课文原文及翻译.docx

1、Unit 1ReadingCanada - a land of diversity加拿大一一多样性之国Canada is like a blooming flower; unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those who enjoy what it has to offer. It is a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. It is also one of the

2、most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures.加拿大就像一朵盛开的鲜花，绽放着令人惊叹的美丽和富饶，那些喜欢加拿大所提供的一 切的人因此非常喜欢这个国家。加拿大幅员辽阔、风景秀丽，从大西洋一直延伸到太平洋。它 也是世界上最具种族多样性的国家之一，有着丰富多样的文化。In the ten provinces and three territories which make up Canada, there is great diversity in geography. To the east of the

3、 Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water. Ancient, slow-moving glaciers hug the land and a huge variety of wildlife wanders the remote forests. The establishment of national parks makes many of these beautiful places protect

4、ed areas for the public to visit and enjoy, such as Banff and Jasper National Parks. One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing over its edge in a splendid display of sights and sounds.组成加拿大的十个省和三个地区，地理环境多种多样。在太平洋海岸的东面，耸立着雄伟 的落基山脉，这里有高高的山峰和被冰与流水侵蚀而成的深谷。古老的、

5、缓慢移动的冰川环绕 着这片土地，各种各样的野生动物漫步于偏远的森林。国家公因的建立使其中许多美丽的地方 成为供公众参观和游览的保护区，如班夫国家公园和贾斯珀国家公国。加拿大真正独一无二的 一处景点就是气势恢宏的尼亚加拉瀑布，水流从瀑布边倾泻而下，景色壮丽、声势浩大。Apart from its geographical diversity, Canada s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. Some of Canada s earliest settlers, who are

6、thought to be ancestors of the indigenous peoples, crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge from a place now known as Siberia. They settled on this vast land thousands of years ago. The first Europeans also started to settle in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. Today, Canada re

7、flects a vast combination of ethnic backgrounds. About one out of five people in Canada, s population is foreign-born. The major ethnic groups, for example, include the English, Scottish and French, while the minority groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands.除了其地理环境的多样性，加拿大的许多

8、农村地区和城市中心也表现出其居民的多样性。 一些被认为是土著居民祖先的加拿大最早的定居者，是从现在被叫作西伯利亚的地方通过陆桥 跨过白令海峡（来到加拿大）的。他们几千年前在这片辽阔的土地上定居下来。第一批欧洲人也 在几个世纪前开始在东部的一些省份定居。如今，加拿大是许多种族的大熔炉。加拿大约五 分之一的人口是在国外出生的。例如，主要种族群体包括英格兰人、苏格兰人和法国人，而少 数族裔群体包括来自新加坡和太平洋岛屿的居民。This ethnic variety, in turn, brings about cultural diversity. Should you find yourself

9、in one of these subcultures, languages, cuisine, architecture, art and music will define your encounter. For example, in Vancouver, a dynamic city with the highest percentage of Chinese Canadians in the country, you can participate in the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in

10、the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden. In Montreal, one of the largest French-speaking cities in the world, you can sample the food with a typical French flavor and see the original buildings in the French style of architecture. Finally, if you are looking for something off the beaten track, y

11、ou may visit Cape Breton Island in the province of Nova Scotia, where you can dance to fiddle tunes and enjoy the cultures and traditions of Celtic settlers. As you are exposed to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space. Given these cultural differences, it comes as no surp

12、rise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002.这种民族多样性又反过来造就了文化的多样性。如果你发现自己身处其中一种亚文化之 中，那么（它的）语言、饮食、建筑风格、艺术和音乐都会说明你邂逅的是何种文化。例如，温 哥华是一个充满活力的加拿大域市，其加拿大籍华人的比例在全国最高，在那里你可以参加庆 祝中国新年的活动，或者可以到中山公园喝茶。在世界最大的法语城市之蒙特利尔，你可以品尝到典型的法国风味的食物，还可以看到法式建筑风格的原始建筑。最后，如果你想做 一些打破常规的事情，你可以去新斯科舍省的布雷顿角岛，

13、在那里你可以随着小提琴的曲调跳 舞，同时欣赏凯尔特移民的文化和传统。当接触到不同的文化时，你可能会感觉像是穿越了时 空。考虑到这些文化差异，加拿大从2002年起就一直在庆视多元文化日也就不足为奇了。From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers, Canada s geographical wonders, ethnic groups and their cultures make it a unique place to live and visit. Indeed, it

14、has been consistently ranked by the United Nations as one of the best countries to live in, and visitors are always welcome!从高耸的山峰到森林的最深处再到域市中心，加拿大的地理奇观、种族和文化使其成为一 个独特的居住和游览之地。事实上，加拿大一直被联合国列为最适宜居住的国家之一，也一直 欢迎各地游客！Extended readingAn adventure in Africa30 June, Morocco 非洲历险 6月30日，摩洛哥My parents and I h

15、ad just driven down the narrow mountain road from Marrakesh, with all its sharp bends, and had finally arrived at Merzouga. Before us stretched the unending sand dunes that marked the beginning of the Sahara. A small boy walked past with a group of noisy goats as I took a long look at the yellow roa

16、dside sign that told us we were entering a 44fragile natural environment * . I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. We set off, our vehicle quietly running over the sand and small stones. It wasn t long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towe

17、ring above us on all sides. The wind was blowing grains of sand from the tops of the dunes, the sun was beating down hard and bright, and the sky was a deep shade of blue that I had never seen before. The wild beauty of the desert was about to reveal itself. There was not a plant to be seen. The des

18、ert appeared completely empty, which was calming and threatening at the same time. The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky.我和父母刚从马拉什沿着狭窄的山路开车下来，一路都是急转弯，终于到达了梅尔祖卡。 我们面前绵延不绝的沙丘标志着撒哈拉沙漠的起点。我盯着路边的黄色指示牌看了很久，上面 写着我们正在进入一个脆弱的自然环境，这时一个小男孩带着一群的山羊从我身边走了过 去。在这里的时候，我下定决

19、心要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。我们出发了，我们的车在沙子 和小石块上悄然驶过。没过多久，我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围了。风吹起沙丘顶上的颗 颗沙粒，太阳猛烈而明亮地照射着，天空呈现出我以前从未见过的深蓝色。沙漠的野性之美就 要显露出来。这里看不见一株植物，看上去空荡荡的，让人平静的同时也充满了威胁。沙丘的 颜色与睛朗天空的蓝色形成鲜明的对比。Eventually, as the last rays of sunlight were falling on the sand, we arrived at our desert camp. Stars were already shining br

20、ightly in the darkening sky and it was getting cold with the approach of the night. Three camels, slowly chewing, were resting on their knees and watching our arrival with interest. So, which one of you lucky animals will be my ride tomorrow I said out loud as I grabbed my bag and headed towards the

21、 warm campfire. I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue.最后，当最后几缕阳光洒在沙子上时，我们到达了沙漠营地。星星已经在暮色苍茫的天空 中闪耀，随着夜幕的降临，天气越来越冷。三只骆驼呈跪姿在地上休息，慢慢地咀嚼着，饶有 兴趣地看着我们的到来。“那么，你们这些幸运的动物中，明天谁来驮我呢?我大声说着，抓 起我的包朝温暖的营火走去。我饿极了，赶紧在烤架上放了一块牛排。3 July, Kenya7月3日，肯尼亚A few days after our departure from the camp, our c

22、ar was well and truly stuck in the mud. We were very near to our rest camp in Amboseli National Park located on the border of Kenya when my father; against my mother* s advice, decided to drive through a large pool of water that stretched across the dirt road. Two tall slim local people were standin

23、g by the roadside watching us with amusement. They must have realized that we were totally helpless, for after a few moments, they wandered over and pushed us free. My father smiled weakly and we drove on as my mother and I waved from the car window.离开营地几天后，我们的车完全陷进了泥里。当时，我们离位于肯尼亚边境的安博塞利国 家公国的休息营地非常

24、近，父亲不听母亲的劝告，决定开车穿过一个横跨土路的大水坑。两个 又高又瘦的当地人站在路边，兴致勃勃地看着我们。他们一定知道我们孤立无援，因为过了一 会儿，他们走过来帮我们把车推了出来。父亲对他们淡淡地一笑，我和母亲从车窗向他们挥手, 然后我们继续上路了。We found a parking space next to our hut, which was round and made from brick. The walls, painted brilliant white, reflected the afternoon sun. There were five similar huts,

25、 all lined up facing Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. The mountain rose up over the plains before us. Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains, which were alive with the African wildlife we had come to see. Giraffes, with their long necks, were pulling leaves from the highest branc

26、hes. In the distance, elephants were eating grass, ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. I had never seen anything like this before. It was indeed the greatest show on the Earth.我们的小屋是圆形的、用砖砌成的，我们在屋旁找到了一个停车位。墙壁漆成明亮的白色, 反射着午后的阳光。那里有五座类似的小屋，都排成一排，面向非洲最高的山脉一一乞力马扎 罗山。这座山在我们面前的平原上拔地而

27、起。高高的草和树木点缀着平原，非洲的野生动物使 平原生机勃勃，我们正是为了看它们而来。长颈鹿凭借着长长的脖子，从最高的树枝上采摘树 叶。远处，大象正在吃草，它们慢慢地走过平原时，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着。我以前从没见过这 样的场景。这的确是地球上最精彩的演出。We got out of the car; carrying our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut. I placed ham sandwiches, sausages and a bunch of bananas on a small wooden table. I returned to

28、 the car and fetched more possessions. It was then that I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana. So cute, I thought to myselt until I realized it was my banana that he was eating! He was looking at me intently as he enjoyed the final mouthful. I was sure

29、 he was saying, Thank you. You re welcome/* I replied.我们下了车，拿着手提箱和一盒盒食物进了小屋。我把火腿三明治、香肠和一串香蕉放在 一张小木桌上。（然后）我回到车上，又拿了些东西。就在这时，我注意到一只灰色的小猴子坐 在几米开外的树上吃香蕉。“太可爱了，我心想着，后来才意识到他吃的正是我的香蕉!他专 注地看着我，享受着最后一口香蕉。我确信他在说谢谢。“不客气，我答道。Unit 2ReadingLife on a space station在空间站的生活Living in space is every would-be astronaut*

30、 s dream. My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure. I bet you* d love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earththe low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange!在太空生活是每一个想要成为宇航员的人的梦

31、想。我在空间站为期六个月的驻扎已经结束 了，这是一场充满挑战但又神奇的冒险。我敢说你想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样的，还想 知道那与地球上的生活有什么不同一一低重力肯定会让平常之事变得奇怪！The strangeness of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don t float around. We usually sleep in private

32、quarters, which are more like large cupboards, or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling. It* s strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don t bother us any more. After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work.从我们睡觉的那一刻起，在太空生活的奇特

33、之处就显而易见了。由于太空中几乎没有重力， 我们必须把自己固定起来，这样才不会四处飘浮。我们通常睡在更像大橱柜的私人空冋内或固 定在墙上或天花板上的睡袋里。我们努力在背部没有压力的情况下睡觉，这有些奇怪，但这些 不寻常的床不再使我们烦恼了。在大约8小时的睡眠后，我们开始一天的工作。The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. Our main mission is to conduct scientific research. We n

34、eed to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants. Creatures such as mice, fish and mosquitoes have also been sent to the station! In a low-gravity environment, we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope. As well as doing these biological experime

35、nts, we carry out experiments in other research fields. I have been working on one experiment which locates and tracks lightning over large regions of the Earth. Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth s climate and lead to better lightning protection. With so much going on, the space station

36、 needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.占据了一天中大部分时间的日常事务要求很高，但也非常有意义。我们的主要任务是进行 科学研究。我们需要评估低重力（环境）对动植物的影响。老鼠、鱼和蚊子等生物也被送到了空 间站!在低重力环境下，我们可以在显微镜下更多地了解细胞和微生物的变化。除了做这些生 物实验，我们还进行其他研究领城的实验。我一直尝试定位并追踪地球上大片区域的闪电。希 望它能让我们进一步了解地球气候，并带来更好的避雷措施。空冋站上同时进行着这么多事情， 需

37、要经常维护，所以我们经常检查支持系统并做些清洁工作。The most challenging work takes place when we need to perform tasks outside the space station, such as testing new equipment, monitoring scientific experiments or repairing the space station. In the circumstances, it* s time for a spacewalk. First, we put on our spacesuits,

38、 which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation. Then we head out, and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time, with the beautiful Earth visible below. Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think. It s probab

39、ly the most dangerous work, with potential risks such as electric shocks. That* s why every spacewalk is carefully planned.最具挑战性的工作出现在我们需要在空冋站外面执行任务的时候，比如测试新设备、监测 科学实验或修复空间站。在这种情况下，就要进行太空行走了。首先，我们穿上航天服，这样 我们才能在太空中呼吸、给身体保温并防止辐射。然后我们走到空间站外面，有时执行任务要 好几个小时，可以看到脚下就是美丽的地球。虽然地球的景色很壮丽，但太空行走并不像你们 可能想象的那么令人兴奋

40、。这可能是最危险的工作，有潜在的风险，比如触电。这就是为什么 每次太空行走都是精心计划好的。In view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space. Most food is dried or freeze-dried. It* s a luxury to eat fresh food, because fresh produce such as fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the Earth

41、every couple of months. Salt and pepper are only in liquid form, so that they will not float away and block the air pipes. However; liquids can t be easily controlled in space. We must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic. Furthermore, to keep our body healthy

42、, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.鉴于低重力环境，在太空吃饭也有所不同。大多数食物都是脱水的或冷冻干燥的。吃到新 鲜食物是-种奢侈，因为像水果和蔬菜这样的新鲜农产品只能每隔几个月从地球运送到空间 站。盐和胡椒只能是液体形态，这样它们就不会飘走并堵塞空气管道。但是，液体在太空中不 容易控制。我们必须通过一根细细的塑料管来喝袋子中的水或任何其他液体。此外，为了保持 身体健康，我们必须通过吃药来确保营养的均衡供应。Spending some time in the gym is of vital impor

43、tance to astronauts* health. Did you know that in just five months, astronauts could lose a significant amount of muscle and bone mass? Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body, we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day. Exercise in space is n

44、ot your average workout. We have to be tied onto specially designed exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around.花些时间健身对宇航员的健康至关重要。你知道在仅仅5个月的时间里宇航员就可能会失 去相当多的肌肉量和骨量吗?考虑到低重力对人体的这些负面影响，我们严格要求自己每天至 少锻炼两个小时。在太空中锻炼跟平常的锻炼不一样。我们必须被绑在特殊设计的运动器材上， 以防止自己四处飘浮。During our leisure time, there* s nothi

45、ng we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by, taking pictures for our family and friends back home. As the space station travels at a speed of about 17,500 miles per hour; we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes. In these precious moments, all t

46、he challenges of life in space seem worth it.在闲暇时间，我们最喜欢做的就是和其他宇航员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们非凡的星球 从身边经过，为在地球上的家人和朋友拍些照片。由于空间站以每小时约17, 500英里的速度 运行，每隔90分钟我们就能看到一次日出。在这些珍贵的时刻，太空生活的所有挑战似乎都 是值得的。Extended readingWhy we explore我们为什么要探索In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought that soon

47、we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system and would even dare to travel beyond it. This is clearly not the case. The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money. Some people believe that whi

48、le space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth. Why do we continue to explore space, then?1969年，当尼尔阿姆斯特朗首次登上月球时，许多人认为不久我们就会经常访问太阳 系中的其他行星，甚至敢于到太阳系之外旅行。事实显然不是这样。现实情况是，太空探索极 其困难且充满

49、了危险，需耗费大量的时间和资金。有些人认为，太空探索虽然拓展了我们对宇 宙的认识，但也浪费了公共资金，而且对提高人类在地球上的生活质量没有任何帮助。那么， 我们为什么还要继续探索太空呢？It is in our nature to explore. From the very early days of human life on the Earth,our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places. We long to visit thick and wild forests, climb vast mountain ranges, and cross deep oceans. We desire to explore the furthest frontier of allspace. As Stephen Hawking once said, 44 Remember to look up at the st