Unit 1 词汇知识点梳理-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.docx

1、必修二 Unit1 词汇整理Listening and Speaking1、*heritage /hertd/U【常用单数】遗产;传统 a World Heritage Site 世界遗址creatively /kretvl/ adv有创造力地;创造性地 2、creative /krietv/adj有创造力的;创造性的 creative work创造性的工作when my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 当我妈妈看到我的作品时，她说我的设计非常有创意。 nU创意;C)搞创作的人creativi

2、ty /krietvt/nU 创造性;创造力 3、temple /templ/n C 庙宇;寺院;神殿*relic /relk/nC遗物;遗迹:cultural relics文化遗产 4、mount /mant/vt&vi正式用语(上);骑(上):I mounted the steps and looked around me slowly. 我爬上台阶，慢慢环顾四周。 vt组织;安排(arrange):mount a protest /an exhibition 发起抗议/举办展览 逐步增加n(缩写为Mt)用于山名前，其前不用冠词山;峰: Mount Everest/Mount Tai 珠穆

3、朗玛峰/泰山 5、former /fm/ adj只用于名词前以前的;从前的;前任的: He is my former colleague.他是我以前的同事。(两者中)前面的:in the former case 在前一种情况下Fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. 鱼喜欢浅水甚于深水，因为前者更暖和。 the former . the latter 前者后者:John and James are brothers. The former is a teacher; the latter is a

4、n engineer. 约翰和詹姆斯是兄弟，前者是老师，后者是工程师。formerly /fml/adv以前;从前(previously)6、clue /klu:/C线索;提示search for clues 搜寻线索clueless /kluls/adj非正式用语一无所知的;一窍不通的:I was clueless about a maths problem for a whole week. 整整一个星期我对一道数学题都毫无头绪。7、preserve /prz3:v/ad vt 保护:保存(save)preserve ones eyesight 保护视力These eighteenth-c

5、entury oil paintings are preserved so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.这些18世纪的油画保存得这么好，使参观者大为惊叹。preservation /prezven/nU保护:保存:In wilderness is the preservation of the world.世界存留于荒野之中。 8.promote /prmt/Rvt(P3)pro-(forward)+ mot(to move)+-e促进:推动 promote traditional cultures/festivals张杨传统文化/传承传

6、统节日All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities. 我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。Good listening can show respect, promote understanding and improve international relationship.认真聆听可以表示尊重，增进理解，并改善人际关系。常用于被动语态】晋升:He has been promoted to general manager他已被提升为总经理。促销;推广What is the

7、 advertisement promoting?这则广告在推销什么?promotion /prmn/ n |CJ&(U) 晋升;促销;(U促进:promote+-ion(名词后缀) get a promotion 获得晋升9、app /p/ n |C application的缩写应用程序10、application /plken n |C & U 申请;申请书;申请表: a job application 求职申请make /submit/put in an application 提交申请 fill in /out an application form)填写申请(表)accept /re

8、ject sbs application 接受/拒绝某人的申请应用;运用;缩略为app应用程序:This is a new invention that will have a wide range of applications in industry. 这是一项可在工业上广泛应用的新发明。11、take part (in)参加:参与If Jim took part in the Talent Show,hed win it for sure.如果古姆参加才艺大赛，他肯定会赢。 辨join, join in, take part in,attend四者都常译为“参加”join 指加人一个团体

9、、组织、群体，成为其中的一员。 join a club 加入一个俱乐部join in 和 take part in 均指参与某活动,take part in 比 join 稍微正式.Can I join in (the game)? 我加入(这个游戏)行吗?take part in a discussion /game/celebration 参加讨论/比赛/庆祝 attend 多指参加、出席会议等。Only 12 people attended the meeting.只有12个人参加了这次会议。Reading and Thinking12、give way(to)让步(于);屈服(于):

10、give way to pressure在压力下让步Cinemas have gradually given way to the rise of the Internet and cellphones. 电影院逐渐被新兴的网络和手机所取代。 13、balance / keep balance balance/blns/n.|C天平;秤:Weigh it on the balance.在秤/天平上称它的重量u常用单数平衡;均衡:keep /lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡Athletes need a good sense of balance.运动员要有良好的平衡感。|C常

11、用单数余额;余款: They were due to pay the balance on delivery.他们须将余款在到货时付清。 keep balance 保持平衡:I think its important to keep a balance between study and a social life, so Im going to join a few clubs.我认为保持学习和杜交的平衡很重要，所以打算加入几个俱乐部。 on balance 总的说来 (after considering all the information):On balance, I think we

12、 made the right decision. 总的来说，我认为我们做的决定是正确的。vt&vi(使)保持平衡;(使)均衡:Hobbies help people balance between work and play. 业余爱好有助于人们平衡工作和娱乐。balanced/blnst/ adj常用于名词前】均衡的: a balanced diet 均衡的饮食14、lead to 导致；造成(result in)：A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。Good habits always lead

13、to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the apposite.好习惯总是会带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。15、*dam /daem/lln |C 坝;堤;水闸: build/construct a dam 建水项16、proposal / make a proposal proposal /prpzl/ n C&/U 建议:提议:动议 (a formal suggestion or plan): submit/draw up a proposal 提交建议/起草提案approve/accept/reject a proposal同意/接受/否决提议

14、make / put forward a proposal 提出建议:He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be postponed 他提议会议延期。The committee put forward a proposal to reduce the time limit. 该委员会提出了一个缩短时限的建议。propose /prpz/ vv正式用语提出;提议;建议 (to formally suggest sth as a possible plan or action): propose a better solution 提出更好的解决

15、方案 propose doing sth:The report proposes extending motorways.该报告建议拓宽机动车道。 propose + that . (should) do sth:A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund (should) be established to raise money.学院的一位教授提议设立基金会来募集资金。 vt正式用语打算;计划 (to intend to do sth): propose doing / to do sth:He proposed buying /

16、to buy a new car 他打算买一辆新车。 vi & vt 求婚:Ive proposed to her. 我已经向她求婚了。 17、protest/prtest/ n |C&|U抗议;反对:The film director resigned in protest at the decision.电影导演辞职以抗议此决定。/prtest/vi&vt抗议:反对:protest a decision 反对一项决定Animal rights activists protested against keeping wild animals in unnatural conditions.

17、动物保护主又者反对在非自然条件下饲养野生动物。 18、likely/lakli/ adj常与 more,most 连用可能的probablc 反 unlikely: be likely to do sth:If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to improve. 如果你能找到合适的学习方法，学习效率就可能会提高。The more exposed young people are to financial issues, the more likely they are to

18、 become responsible.年轻人接触的财务问题越多，越有可能变得有责任心。adv常与most,more,very连用可能probably; When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow.当一只狼嚎叫起来，其他的狼很可能也跟着叫。Not likely!表示强烈的否定】绝不可能!才不呢! unlikely/nlakli/ adj不太可能的反likely;只用于名词前非想象中的:un-(not)+likely I met him at the most unlikely place. 我在最意想不到的地方遇到了

19、他。(be) unlikely to do sth:Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to make a good researcher. 缺乏耐力和毂力的人不大可能成为优秀的研究人员。 19、turn to 转向;求助于:Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in he city. 他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化。 Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.遇到困

20、难时请向警察求助。20、committee kmti n C集体名词委员会 (a group of people chosen to do s particular job make decisions etc):commit(承诺)+-ee(.人)The committee has /have decided to dismiss him. 委员会已决定辞退他。21、establish/stbl/ vt建立;创立;设立(set up):establish contact /a relationship with与建立联系/关系 The company was established in 1

21、980.这家公司成立于1980年。确立;立足;得到认可:By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.至20世纪 20年代，电影业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞已站稳脚跟。established /stblt/adj已确立的;确定的: an established fact 既定事实establishment /stblmnt/ n establish + -ment(名词后级) (U建立;设立;确立;创办:The speaker announced the establishment of a

22、 new college. 发言人宣布了新学院的成立。C【正式用语机构;企业:an educational establishment 教育机构 22、limit /lmt/nC界限;边界:in the city limits 在市区内限度;限制:a time/speed limit 时间/速度限制Even below the drinking limit, driving will be affected. 即使是低于饮酒限度，开车也会受到影响。 极限:He tried my patience to its limits.他把我的耐心逼到了极限。vt限制:限定:limit . to 将限制在

23、(某范围内):I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内。 limitation /lmten/nU&|C|限制;局限limiting /lmt/adj限制性的limitless /lmtls/adj无限(制)的 23、prevent / prevent . from . prevent /prvent/.all vt 阻止;预防;防止:They look for ways to prevent diseases by developing vaccines.他们通过研发疫苗来寻找预防疾病的

24、方法。 prevent sb /sth (from) doing sth:There were many ways to prevent this from happening.有多种方法可以防止此事发生。 prevention /prvenn/ nU防止;预防: Prevention is better than cure预防胜于治疗。 24、loss /ls/ n C & U遗失;失去;丧失:事物的“失去” a sense of loss 失落感hair/hearing/weight loss脱发/听力丧失/体重减轻 loss of memory/memory loss 失忆Jenny w

25、as very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot in Canada. 珍妮因丢失了她在加拿太拍的照片而非常伤心。 死亡;去世:I was trying to recover from the loss of my father. 我正努力从父亲的过世中恢复过来。 亏损;损失 反profit: The company made a loss of $100.000 last year. 公司去年亏损了10万美元。If she leaves, it will be a big loss to the school. 如果她离开，这将是学校的

26、一大损失。(be)at a loss 感到迷惑;不知所措:We are at a loss as to what kind of business to start.我们不知道该做什么生意。25、contribution /kntrbjun/ n |C( P4)contribute+-ion(名词后级) 贡献:I admire Edison a lot because he made a great contribution to the world. 我很敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界作出了巨大贡献。 捐款;捐献物:I made a contribution ofs100 to /toward t

27、he church. 我给教堂捐了100 美元。稿件;作品:This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。contribute/kntrbjut/ vcon-(together)+tribute(贡品) 贡献;捐助:捐献:It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money: 她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱。 contribute (sth) to sth:immigrants have contrib

28、uted to American culture in many ways. 移民在许多方面都对美国文化有所贡献。vi 造成/ 促使(某事发生)to help to make sth happen:Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes. 孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑都甚至犯罪。Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses. 压力是诸多疾病的致病因素。 vt&vi投(稿);撰(稿):She con

29、tributed a number of articles to the magazine.她给这家杂志撰写了许多文章。contributor /kntrbjt/ n C 捐款人;撰稿人;起作用的因素26、department /dptmnt /C(医院、大学、公司、政府等)科;系;部:the Department of Education/ Foreign Affairs 教育/外交部 the Sales Department 销售部 a department store 百货商场 the English department 英语系 27、fund /fnd/ n(C)基金;专款:(复数资

30、金: a disaster fund 球灾数government funds 政府责金单数基金会:the United Nations Childrens Fund 联合国儿童基金会 vt为提供资金;资助:a government-funded program政府责助的项目28、within /wn/ prep 在范围/时间以内:不超过:(P4)with+inI completed the task within 40 minutes. 我在 40 分钟内完成了任务。 Put the tools within your reach.把工具放在你能够得着的地方。29、investigate /n

31、vestet/ vt & vi 调查;侦查;调查研究:YouI have to stay here until we investigate this affair. 在我们调查清楚这件事之前，你必须待在这儿。 investigation /nvesten/ n U & |C 调查;调查研究 30、issue /u/ n|C议题;争论的问题(尤指社会或政治方面)an important topic thats discussed or argued about:The environmental issue is a worldwide problem. 环境问题是世界性的问题。Food sa

32、fety is an important issue involving the public health.食品安全是关系到公众健康的重要问题。(令人担忧的)问题a problem or worry that sb has with sth: Money is not an issue. 钱不是问题。vt公布;发布:The minister issued a statement to the press. 部长向新闻界发表了声明。(正式)发给;供给:issue warm clothing to the survivors /issue the survivors with warm clot

33、hing 给幸存者分发御寒衣物 issue a passport/visa 签发护照/签证发行:issue a magazine /a set of stamps 发行一本杂志/一套邮票 31、 conduct /kndkt/vvt正式用语引导;带领 to lead or guide sb through or around a place: The guide conducted us around the West Lake. 导游带领我们游览了西湖。vt&指挥(军队、乐队等):My friend went home, leaving me to conduct the band. 我朋友

34、回家了，留下我指挥乐队。vt正式用语实施;管理;进行 to organize or do a particular activity:“引导”组织或活动 conduct an experiment /an interview /a survey/a test进行实验/面试/调查/试验So far we have conducted a variety of activities on English learning.目前我们已经开展了各种各样的英语学习活动。 /kndkt/ n U正式用语 行为;举止(behavior):Confucius suggested a principle for

35、 the conduct of life: Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.孔子提出一项生活行为准则:“已所不欲，勿施于人。 经营方式;管理方式;组织方式:His conduct of the business was very successful. 他经商非常成功。 32、document/dkjument/(P4) nC文件;公文;(计算机)文档 vt记录/记载(详情)documentary /dkjumentri/nC纪实节目;纪录片adj只用于名词前纪录的;纪实的;文件的 33、donat

36、e / donate .to donate /dnet/ vt & vi捐赠:赠送:“捐赠”金钱、物品等donate.to. The reined man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake. 这位退休老人把大部分积营都捐给了那所在地震中受到破坏的学校。献(血):捐献(器官) 辩donate,contribute二者均可表示“捐献”。后面均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换使用。It is more meaningful to donate / contribute books and sp

37、orts goods to children in need.把书和体育用品相给需要的孩子们更有意义。Many people have donated that type of blood 很多人都献了那个血型的血。 donate 还可以表示献血。contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、物力、智力等。此外，contribute 还可表示“促成”“起作用”“投稿”的意思。I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献Honesty and hand

38、 work contribute to success and happiness.诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。The scientist often contributes to an academic journal.这位科学家常常给一家学术期刊撰稿。 donation /dnen/ n |C & U 捐赠;赠送;捐赠物;捐款:donate.+-ion(名词后级) a generous/large/small donation慷慨的/大量的/少量的捐助 34、disappear /dsp/ vi 反appear:(P4)dis-(不)+appear消失;不见;失踪:He walked aw

39、ay and disappeared into a crowd of people.他走了，消失在人群中。My pen was here a moment ago and now it has disappeared. 我的笔刚刚还在这儿，现在却不见了。不复存在;灭绝:That species disappeared in the lce Age.那个物种早在冰河时代就绝迹了。disappearance /disapiarens/n|C|&U消失;灭绝 attempt/tempt/n |C & U) 试图;尝试;努力 (try):All attempts by the experts to c

40、ure him failed. 专家们治疗他的所有努力都失败了。The town is banning plastic bags in an attempt to help the environment.为改善环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。The team made an attempt to climb /at climbing the mountain.这支队伍尝试着爬上那座山。 He made no attempt to hide his feelings.他毫不掩饰自己的情感。 vt试图;尝试;企图 to try to do sth, especially sth difficult:H

41、e did not attempt the last question in the examination.在考试中他放弃了最后一道题 attempt to do sth:Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. 每年大约有四万人尝试去登非洲的最高峰-乞力马扎罗山。”attempted /temptd/l adj只用于名词前企图的;未遂的:attempt+-ed attempted murder/robbery谋杀/抢劫未遂 make sure 弄清

42、;查明;确保:He arrived at the restaurant early to make sure of a seat.为确保有座位，他早早地到了餐馆。 They are trying to make sure that 5G signals will have been installed by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.他们正努力确保在2022.年北京冬奥会之前安装好 5G终端。a worthwhile job 值得做的工作worthwhile /wwal / adj值得花时间/精力的:(ps)worth+while(n一段时间)T

43、he smile on her face made it all worthwhile. 她脸上的笑容使得这一切都很值得。We decided to give the money to a worthwhile cause (=one that helps people).我们决定把这笔钱投入到高商的事业中。it is worthwhile doing /to do sth:It is worthwhile comparing / to compare prices.有必要比较一下价格。Discovering Useful Structuresdownload /danld/vt&vi下载(文

44、件):We can download software, documents, and images whenever we need them.我们可以在任何需要的时候下载软件、文移和图像。 nC下载;已下载的数据资料republic /rpblk/ n|C共和国:the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国professional /prfenl/ profession(职正)+al(形名词后做) adj职业的;专业的:a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员He dealt with the problem in a high

45、ly professional way.他处理这个问题非常专业。nC专业人士;职业选手:There will be a rise in the demand for health care professionals.对医疗保健专业人员的需求将会上升。professionalism/prfenlzm/ nU 专业水准;专业素质;职业化*arch(a)eologist /kldst/ n |C 考古学家entrance /entrns/ nC【常用单数进入;入场:Everyone rose at the judges entrance.法官入场时，所有人都起立。She made her entrance after all the other guests had arrived. 其他客人都到了之后她才到场。C入口;门口反exit:“进入”的口 the station entrance 车站入口处Ill meet you at the main entrance to / of the school. 我在学校的正门跟你见面。 U入场(或入会、入学等)权/费:一 an entrance fee 入场费a school entrance