2021届高三英语一轮复习 词性成分及句式课件.pptx

1、词性成分及句式He said that that that that that student wrote on the blackboard was not right.一.动词 V.一.助动词/情态助动词二.实义动词He did his homework at seven oclock.辨识实义动词&助动词Did he do his homework yesterday?He has had breakfast.一.助动词1.帮助构成时态The boy is crying.He has arrived.I have been painting all day.一.助动词2.帮助构成语态Tr

2、ees are planted in spring.The house has been pulled down.3.帮助构成疑问&否定Does he like English?He doesnt have lunch at home.一.助动词二.助动词4.帮助构成虚拟语气If he had come yesterday,I wouldnt have made such a mistake.二.助动词5.帮助构成倒装So much did he love his mother that he bought her many presents on her birthday.二.助动词6.帮助

3、构成强调He did come yesterday.二.实义动词1.及物动词 vt.2.不及物动词 vi.1.及物动词2.不及物动词后面直接跟宾语不可以直接跟宾语后面必须有宾语后面可以无宾语贰.5大基本句式1.S V P2.S VI3.S VT O4.S VT IO DO5.S VT O C主系表主谓主谓宾主谓双宾主谓宾宾补I am coming.I love you.She handed him a condom.He is short.My bf made me happy.系动词 不直接接宾语的动词 直接接一个宾语的动词 直接接两个宾语的动词 直接接宾补的动词3.五大基本动词 系动词be

4、动词感官系动词变化系动词am is are was werefeel taste seem look sound smellbecome get turn keep stay remain continueShe looks beautiful.Look at the picture.He felt the book with his right hand.The silk feels soft.辨识实义动词&系动词如何区分实意动词&系动词将该动词换成be动词，若句义成立，则该动词为系动词；反之，该动词为实意动词。辨识实义动词&系动词1.The door stays open at night

5、.2.He tasted the food,and the food tasted delicious.3.The book still lies open on the desk.4.What he said proved true.5.He cant proved his theory.6.LR is standing in the front of the room.一.主语名词名词性的词可以做主语代词不定式动名词形容词名词性(the rich)从句1.During the 1990s,American country music has become more and more pop

6、ular.2.We often speak English in class.3.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.4.Smoking does harm to the health.5.The rich should help the poor.6.When we are going to have English test has not been decided.7.It is necessary to master a foreign language.8.That he isnt at home is not true.9.There

7、comes the bus.10.Beyond the village lies a small village.11.Now comes your turn.形容词副词介词短语如果它们在句首时，句子可能是倒装句，真正的主语在后面，谓语动词的形式跟后面的真正主语保持一致。On the desk are some books.Down jumps the boy.Gone are the days.二.宾语1.动词宾语2.介词宾语代词不定式动名词形容词名词性(the rich)从句名词名词性的词可以做宾语1.They planted many trees yesterday.2.(How man

8、y dictionaries do you have?)I have five.3.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.4.I wanted to buy a car.5.I enjoy listening to popular music.6.I think（that）he is fit for his office.三.补语He asked me to lend him some money.宾补与宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系1.His father named him Li Ran.宾补。2.They painted their

9、 boat white.3.Let the fresh air in.4.You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.5.We saw her entering the room.6.We found everything in the lab in good order.7.We will soon make our city what your city is now.8.I want your homework done on time.I want him to come at once.辨识双宾语&宾补。He lent me some

10、money.He made the boy cry again.The teacher found him cheating in the exam.Dont leave the door open at night.四.表语表语的实质是主补。主补。I am a teacherI am beautiful.I am at home.The dish tastes good.Toilet smells bad.My bf became stronger.I turned fatter.五.定语The tallest boy is John.ADJ 修饰名词The tallest boy who

11、is crying over there is John.The tallest boy crying over there is John.The tallest boy to cry over there is John.六.状语He writes carefully.He walks slowly.ADV 修饰动词形容词副词This material is environmentally friendly.He runs very slowly.叁.句子结构句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句只有一个主语和一个谓语。He often reads English in the m

12、orning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.并列主语和一个谓语。一个主语和并列谓语。改错：It not only costs little money but also comfortable.并列句由并列连词连接的两个简单句。.He likes English,his English is very good.His wife was ill,he had to stay at home.He likes English；his

13、 English is very good.He likes English,so/and his English is very good.His wife was ill;he had to stay at home.His wife was ill,so/and he had to stay at home.复合句用从属连词连接的句子是复合句。.Because he likes English,his English is very good.When he likes English,his English is very good.Because his wife was ill,he had to stay at home.When his wife was ill,he had to stay at home.