2020广东省广州市中考英语语法专项复习(课件) 专题十六 定语从句.pptx

1、定语从句是在主从复合句中，修饰某一名词或代定语从句是在主从复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词充当先行词，引导定词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词充当先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系代词，常见的关系代词有语从句的词叫关系代词，常见的关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose等。关系代词放在先行词与等。关系代词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又充当定语从句中定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又充当定语从句中的一个句子成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。的一个句子成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系关系代词代词先行词先行词从句成从句成分分例子例子who人人主语或主语或宾语

2、宾语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?你知道和你妈妈说话的那个男人你知道和你妈妈说话的那个男人是谁吗？是谁吗？(先行词是先行词是man，关系代词后跟动，关系代词后跟动词时用词时用who/that)关系关系代词代词先行词先行词从句从句成分成分例子例子whom人人宾语宾语Mr.Smith is the person with whom I am working.史密斯先生是和我一起工作的人。史密斯先生是和我一起工作的人。(先行词是人且关系代词前有介词时，先行词是人且关系代词前有介词时，关系代词只能用关系代词只能用whom）关系关

3、系代词代词先行词先行词从句成从句成分分例子例子that人或物人或物主语或主语或宾语宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.飞机是一种能飞行的机器。飞机是一种能飞行的机器。She is the pop singer(that)I want to see very much.她就是我非常想见的那位流行歌她就是我非常想见的那位流行歌手。手。关系关系代词代词先行先行词词从句成从句成分分例子例子which物物主语或主语或宾语宾语The book which/that I gave you was worth$10.我给你的那本书值我给你的那本书值10美元。美元。The p

4、icture which/that was about the accident was terrible.那张关于交通事故的照片很恐怖。那张关于交通事故的照片很恐怖。(先行词是物时先行词是物时，一般情况下关系代词一般情况下关系代词可用可用which/that)关系关系代词代词先行先行词词从句从句成分成分例子例子whose人或人或物物定语定语This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的小姑娘。小姑娘。备注备注who,whom,whi

5、ch和和that在从句中作宾语时在从句中作宾语时，常可以省略；常可以省略；但介词提前时但介词提前时，后面关系代词不能省略后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用也不可以用that情况情况用法用法例子例子只用只用that的情况的情况1.先行词为不定代先行词为不定代词词all,everything,anything,nothing,little等时等时He told me everything that he knew.他将他知道的每件事都告他将他知道的每件事都告诉了我。诉了我。情况情况用法用法例子例子只用只用that的情况的情况2.先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the last,a

6、ll 等修饰时等修饰时All the books that you offered have been given out.你提供的所有书都被发出去了。你提供的所有书都被发出去了。English is the only subject that I like.英语是我唯一喜欢的科目。英语是我唯一喜欢的科目。情况情况用法用法例子例子只用只用that的情况的情况3.先行词有形先行词有形容词最高级或容词最高级或序数词修饰时序数词修饰时This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。这是我看过的最好的电影。情况情况用法用法例子例子只用只用

7、which/who/whom/的情况的情况1.在非限制性定在非限制性定语从句中，只能语从句中，只能用用which指物，指物，who/whom指人指人He has a son,who has gone abroad for further study.他有一个儿子，已经出国他有一个儿子，已经出国深造了。深造了。情况情况用法用法例子例子只用只用which/who/whom/的情况的情况2.在由在由“介词介词+关关系代词系代词”引导的引导的定语从句中，只能定语从句中，只能用用which指物，指物，whom指人指人I like the person to whom the teacher is tal

8、king.我喜欢正在和老师谈话我喜欢正在和老师谈话的那个人。的那个人。()1.Have you heard of Paul Walker was the leading actor in Fast and Furious 7?(2019江海二模江海二模)A.which B.what C.who D./()2.Have you ever seen the cartoon Peppa Pig?Yes,it is the funniest one Ive ever seen these years.(2019东莞二模东莞二模)A.that B.who C.what D.which()3.Great

9、changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.Everything comes into sight is so new to me.(2019中山二模中山二模)A.that B.which C.who D./()4.Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all his students.(2019吉林改编吉林改编)A.which B.who C.where D.what()5.Have you heard about the TV program The Readers is very

10、 popular now?(2019惠州模拟惠州模拟)A.which B.who C.where D.whom()1.Not all children watch this video will become a scientist,but some may become interested in science.(2019广东广东)A.whom B.which C.who D.whose()2.The museum is free for visitors has a history of over 100 years.(2019粤西地区一模粤西地区一模)A.who B.what C.wh

11、ich D.where()3.A recent research shows many Chinese students would like to study abroad.Yes,but students study abroad usually face lots of challenges.(2019南海狮山一模南海狮山一模)A.which B.who C.when D.what()4.Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth leading actor is Wujing?Yes.The movie was a box office suc

12、cess.(2019揭阳普宁模拟揭阳普宁模拟)A.that B.which C.whose D.who()5.Tomorrow is Fathers Day.Whats your surprise for your father?The first thing I will do is to make a card for him.(2019湖北黄冈湖北黄冈)A.who B.where C.whose D.that()6.Hey,Anna.Would you like to see The White Storm with me?You mean,the new police story wa

13、s filmed by Chen Musheng?(2019广西玉林广西玉林)A.who B.what C.whose D.which()7.My mother doesnt like stories have sad endings.(2019四川遂宁四川遂宁)A.that B.who C.where D.those()8.Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people.(2019福建改编福建改编)A.who B.which C.what D.whom()9.Mr.Brown is a teacher is nice to

14、all his students.(2019吉林改编吉林改编)A.which B.who C.where D.what()10.Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.(2019贵州贵阳改编贵州贵阳改编)A.which B.what C.who D.whom1.泰坦尼克号是我看过最棒的电影之一。泰坦尼克号是我看过最棒的电影之一。Titanic is the most wonderful 1 I have ever seen.2.正在会议上讲话的那个人是个工人。正在会议上讲话

15、的那个人是个工人。The man at the meeting is a worker.3.那个男人是我们的教授那个男人是我们的教授,他的儿子是一名医生。他的儿子是一名医生。The man a doctor is our professor.one of films/moviesthatwho is speakingwhose son is4.我昨天买的那本书是鲁迅写的。我昨天买的那本书是鲁迅写的。The book yesterday was written by Lu Xun.5.我把你给我的所有食物都吃光了。我把你给我的所有食物都吃光了。I have eaten all the food

16、.6.卖书的人被叫作书商。卖书的人被叫作书商。A man is called a bookseller.which/that I boughtthat you gave mewho/that sells books7.这是一辆中国制造的卡车。这是一辆中国制造的卡车。This is a truck China.which/that is made in1.A 考查固定搭配。固定搭配：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：sothat意为意为“如如此此以至于以至于”。2.C 考查定语从句的关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此考查定语从句的关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词处为定语从句，先行词ways为

17、物，故关系代词用为物，故关系代词用that。3.B 考查时态。结合上下文，此处表示考查时态。结合上下文，此处表示“正在做某事正在做某事”，且本文是在叙述过去的事，故用过去进行时。且本文是在叙述过去的事，故用过去进行时。4.B 考查动词。结合文意，此处指考查动词。结合文意，此处指“停下来做某事停下来做某事”，用用stop to do结构。结构。5.B 考查时态。作谓语，时态为一般过去时，故填考查时态。作谓语，时态为一般过去时，故填heard。6.C 考查连词。由句意考查连词。由句意“尽管有时它会出现，很多时候尽管有时它会出现，很多时候它都会消失在被子里它都会消失在被子里”可知，前后表让步关系，用

18、可知，前后表让步关系，用although连接。连接。7.A 考查冠词。泛指考查冠词。泛指“一张被子一张被子”，且，且big 的读音以辅音的读音以辅音音素音素/b/开头，故用不定冠词开头，故用不定冠词a。8.D 考查被动语态。结合句意可知，考查被动语态。结合句意可知，it指代指代thread，与，与see构成被动关系，主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。构成被动关系，主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。10.C 考查介词。由语境可知，此处指我妈妈必须在医院考查介词。由语境可知，此处指我妈妈必须在医院照顾他一个月。固定搭配：照顾他一个月。固定搭配：look after意为意为“照顾照顾”。9.D 考查副词

19、。修饰动词考查副词。修饰动词listen，用副词，用副词carefully。11.C 考查代词。由上下文可知，此处指我父亲仍然不能考查代词。由上下文可知，此处指我父亲仍然不能自己行走。固定搭配：自己行走。固定搭配：by oneself 意为意为“依靠某人自己依靠某人自己”。12.B 考查形容词。考查形容词。be动词后接形容词作表语，构成系表动词后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构，结构，be worried about，意为，意为“担心担心”。14.A 考查情态动词。由句意考查情态动词。由句意“我喜欢这种生活，即使我我喜欢这种生活，即使我不能行走不能行走”可知，此处表示可知，此处表示“不能不能”，用，用cant。13.B 考查动词。固定搭配：考查动词。固定搭配：like doing sth.意为意为“喜欢做喜欢做某事某事”。15.B 考查宾语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查宾语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，引导词不在从句中充当成分，故用为宾语从句，引导词不在从句中充当成分，故用that。