土木工程桥梁专业英语 课件.ppt

1、BRIDGES1PPT课件History of Bridge Development1.Clapper Bridge2.Roman Arch Bridge3.Zhaozhou Bridge4.Covered Bridge5.Tower Bridge6.Brooklyn Bridge7.Akashi Kaiky BridgeHistory of Bridge DevelopmentlClapper BridgelprimitivelMaterial：1.Tree trunk 2.StoneHistory of Bridge DevelopmentlRoman Arch Bridgel100 B.

2、C.RomanslArch design evenly distributes stresseslNatural concrete made from mud and strawHistory of Bridge DevelopmentlZhaozhou Bridge 安济桥l600 A.D.CHINAlChinese oldest standing stone bridgelLow bridge,shallow arch,allows boats and water to pass throughHistory of Bridge DevelopmentlCovered bridge(廊桥)

3、l17th Europeltimber-truss bridge Protect wooden structural History of Bridge DevelopmentlTower Bridge lLondon Englandlbuilt 18861894lcombined bascule and suspensionltwo bridge towersHistory of Bridge DevelopmentlBrooklyn BridgelCompleted in 1883lNew York City of USAl hybrid cable-stayed/suspension b

4、ridgelUse of steel in suspending cablesHistory of Bridge DevelopmentlAkashi Kaiky Bridgel1988-1998lthe longest central span in the world(1991m)Types of Bridges1.Beam bridge2.Arch Bridge3.Moveable bridge4.Cable-Stayed Bridge5.Suspension BridgeBeam bridge a bridge that utilizes girders as the means of

5、 supporting the deck the most commonly built and utilized bridge the most simplified form No moments are transferred throughout the supportArch BridgelOne or more archeslMasonry,reinforced concrete or steelldeck arch bridge(上承式拱桥)through arch bridge(下承式拱桥)lSpans can be longer than beam or trussArch

6、Bridge Workflow on the Roman Bridge:the falsework(脚手架)was moved to another opening as soon as the lower arch rib had been completedMoveable bridge Beam is moveable Advantage：lower cost Disadvantage：traffic must be halted when it is opened Moveable bridge All kinds of moveable bridgesCable-Stayed Bri

7、dge one or more towers cables support the bridge deck two major classes of cable-stayed bridges:harp and fan.optimal for spans longer than cantilever bridges,and shorter than suspension bridges.Cable-Stayed Bridge The Russky Bridge,the worlds longest cable-stayed bridge The bridge was completed in J

8、uly 2012,Russia with a 1104 m long central spanCable-Stayed Bridge Octvio Frias de Oliveira(圣保罗奥利韦尔)Bridge So Paulo,Brazil,opened in May 2008 two curved tracks supported by a single concrete mastSuspension Bridge span 600 to 1200 m-way farther than any other type of bridge Most suspension bridges ha

9、ve a truss system beneath the roadway to resist bending and twisting.Suspension Bridge stress distributionCollapse of Tacoma-Narrows Bridge It opened to traffic on July 1,1940,and dramatically collapsed on November 7 of the same year Bridge roadway twisted and vibrated violently under 40-mile-per-hour(64 km/h)winds on the day of the collapseBridge AppreciationRuck-A-Chucky BridgeDesigner:T.Y.LinThe Millau Viaduct is a cable-stayed bridge that spans the valley of the River Tarn near Millau in southern France.it is the tallest bridge in the worldThank you