2021届 高三二轮专题新高考题型专题复习 阅读填空七选五课件.ppt
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1、阅读填空(七选五)阅读填空(七选五)方方 法法 探探 究究3备备 考考 策策 略略4考考 纲纲 解解 读读1命命 题题 特特 点点2高高 考考 新新 题题 型型考考 纲纲 解解 读读 该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中(均为完整的句子)选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项,主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。命命 题题 特特 点点 一、文章体裁 一般为280300词左右的说明文或议论文,单纯以时间或事件为线索的记叙文不宜于考查逻辑思维能力,一般较少出现。二、设空类型 设空类型一般有:标题类、主题句类、承上启下类、概括总结类、其他类 三、选项特点 该题型选项大致可分为三类
2、:主旨概括句(文章整体内容或某个语段)过渡性句子(承上启下,体现文章结构)注释性句子(解释说明前文,体现上下文逻辑意义)另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除,例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构,注释性句子与上文脱节等。方方 法法 探探 究究 【例1】The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led
3、to new kinds of sicknesses.72 So they are called“diseases of civilization”Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.AStone Age people lived a simple life.BBut today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.CIn that case,they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got
4、lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F.People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.GModern people used to suffer from“diseases of civilization”.解析:E项的sicknesses与72空前的sicknesses属于同词复现。【例2】On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may
5、include daytoday opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._ Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,.AThe following are its advantages.BHowever,there may be a nu
6、mber of disadvantages.CConsider a distance education.DMost of us are adapted to studying at school.解析:第一句话中有advantages,与B项属于反义词复现。空后的Those disadvantages与B项中的disadvantages属于同词复现。方法总结一:词汇复现词汇复现 复现,是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系,主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。【例3】Everybody gets stre
7、ssed time to time.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives._72_ They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test,or the death of
8、a beloved pet.A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.C.Different people feel stress in different ways E.You need to figure out what the problem is.F.And dont forget about your friends.解析:72空前有trusted adult(可以相信的人)该空前的父母、亲戚;还有朋友(And.friends)。方法总结二:方法总结二:同范畴词出现同范畴词出现 同范畴词是指跟此词
9、汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现,达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词,从而达到快而准。一般来说,上下文中词汇联系越接近,上下文的衔接关系越紧密。【例4】_73_ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,.ADoctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.BHe said that laughter is much healthier th
10、an anger.CAnger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.解析:73空后的they与A项doctors照应。答案:A【例5】_72_ Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper.They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful.People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper._73_ EIn f
11、act,they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.GSome kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.解析:72空后的Their照应G项中的Some kids;答案:G解析:73空前的people照应E项中的they答案:E 方法总结三:方法总结三:代词线索代词线索 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高,代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。it 可指代单数名词或
12、整个句子;they或them指代复数名词;one指代单数可数名词;that指代不可数名词或句子;this指代单数名词或句子;these 或those指代前句的复数名词。细节类题型解题技巧细节类题型解题技巧 一、词汇或语义衔接一、词汇或语义衔接 词汇或语义衔接,即作者在文章上下文不同的 位置对同一个概念进行的重复描述。这种衔接不仅表现在词语(相同、相近或相反)的衔接上,而且体现在同范畴词语的衔接或是某部 分语义的衔接上。此外,代词、冠词、数词,甚至否定词(without)等也常常是解题的突破口。【例6】_ Second,your notes are excellent materials to
13、refer to when you are studying for a test.AYou must write your notes on separate paper.BThere are three practical notetaking methods.CFirst,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.【例7】It seems urgent,that communications in transport should be im
14、proved._ All over cities,it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite.Communication between human beings should also be kept smooth and polite.B.Yet this is all too often seen.C.The public should obey the rules.also【例8】_ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs.Others say
15、it provides more time for the family to be together.They say home offers a better place for learning.Some parents.A.So a number of parents began home-schoolingB.Home schooling is not accepted by all the peopleC.Parents choose home schooling for several reasons【例9】You and your friends are leaving a c
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