新外研版高中英语必修四-Module-3-Grammar教学课件.ppt--（课件中不含音视频）--（课件中不含音视频）

1、 Module 3Body Language and Non-Verbal CommunicationGrammar必修四必修四Grammar 1条件状语从句常用引导词有条件状语从句常用引导词有 if，unless(除除非，如果不，除非在非，如果不，除非在的时候的时候),in case(如如果，以防果，以防),on condition that(在在条件下条件下,如果如果),as long as(只要只要)，provided(that)/providing(that)(假如假如,在在条件下条件下),suppose(that)/supposing(that)(如果如果,假假如如)，when(倘若

2、倘若)等连词引导。等连词引导。注意：条件状语从句中用一般现在时代注意：条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来。替一般将来。条件状语从句条件状语从句1.If it rains tomorrow,I will not go swimming.2.You will fail unless you work hard.3.She will go provided her friends can go also.4.He will do the work providing you pay him.5.As long as youre happy,it doesnt matter what you do

3、.6.In case I forget,please remind me about it.7.Supposing it rains,shall we continue the sports meeting?8.I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.9.Call me when you have finished.说明说明 unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和和if not同义，同义，unless是书面语，是书面语，if not是口语，通常二者可以换用

4、。是口语，通常二者可以换用。条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。来时。If 引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时(be用用were)，主句用，主句用would doIf I were you,I would help him.If he had enough money,he would buy that book.与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时时，与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时时，主句用主句用would

5、have done.I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.如果没有堵车如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。我会到的早一点儿。与将来事实相反，从句中用与将来事实相反，从句中用一般过去时一般过去时(be用用were)should dowere to do，主句用，主句用would doIf it were to rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off.If you dropped the glass,it would break.If he sho

6、uld see me,he would know me.从句中有从句中有had,were,should，可将其提到，可将其提到主语前，并去掉主语前，并去掉if。If I were you,I would help him.=Were I you,I would help him.If he had enough money,he would buy that book.=Had he enough money,he would buy that book.If he should see me,he would know me.=Should he see me,he would know m

7、e.But for the rain,we should have had a pleasant journey.要不是下雨要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。Without your help,we could not have finished in time.要不是你帮忙要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务。我们肯定不能及时完成任务。but for,without等引出一个介词结构也可等引出一个介词结构也可表示条件表示条件,条件常常是虚拟的条件常常是虚拟的,或与事实相或与事实相反的假设。如反的假设。如:1.Look at these sentences from

8、 the passage.If you say the word“communication”,most people think of words and sentences.We use“learned”body language when we are introduced to strangers.Now tick the true statements.The sentences from the passage1.describe common situations.2.describe impossible situations.3.use if or when to intro

9、duce the situation.4.explain the result of the situation in the other part of the sentence.5.use the present simple tense in both parts of the sentence.If our right hand is busy greeting someone,it cant be holding a weapon.If you shake hands with someone,you show you trust them.When we greet someone

10、,we put the right hand over the left and bow slightly.We shake hands when we make a deal.2.find more examples of sentences with if or when in the passage.Keys:1-E-you shake hands with them.2-C-you often wave to them.3-B-you usually point.4-F-you usually mean yes.5-D-you dont take your shoes off.6-A-

11、you usually mean no.3 Match the two parts of these sentences about body language in Europe or America.Q:条件状语从句通常由什么连词或词组条件状语从句通常由什么连词或词组引导？引导？1.If I see her,Ill invite her to the party.2.Youll be late for school unless you get up half an hour earlier._4.Study the sentences below and answer the quest

12、ion3.As long as you work hard,youll succeed sooner or later.4.Suppose you fail,what will you do next?_观察动词的时态，可以得出什么结论？观察动词的时态，可以得出什么结论？Ill not say anything unless he asks me.If you raise your hand,the taxi will stop.Conclusion:在条件状语从中，用一般现在时在条件状语从中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。代替一般将来时。I can tell you the truth on

13、condition that you promise to keep a secret.He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms._As long as you promise to come,Ill wait for you until you come.But for the rain,we should have a pleasant journey._1.The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that i

14、s home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long as B.whileC.if D.even though2.It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly,you wont keep good health.A.unless B.whenever C.although D.if CAExercises3._ I can see,there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.A.As long as B.As far as C.Just a

15、s D.Even if 4.I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait.A.in case B.so that C.in order D.as ifBAGrammar 2让步状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句由让步状语从句由though,although,even if,even though,however,whatever,whoever,whether or,等引导。等引导。Though Liu Ying is a girl,she can lift the heave box.Ill

16、help you even if I dont sleep for a night.Whatever book you may read,read it carefully.Although they were tired out by the running,they went on running after the robber.Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field,he succeeded where other better-informed experimenters fai

17、led.In my opinion,they will carry on the work,whether or not they can get the money they need.说明说明 在句子中一般用了在句子中一般用了“虽然虽然”就不能再用就不能再用“但是但是”（but）但可以与）但可以与yet或或still连用。连用。though/although意义相同，用法基本一意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化；后者正式，多放样，前者通俗，口语化；后者正式，多放主句的前面。主句的前面。even if 和和even though的意思为的意思为“即即使使”“”“纵使纵使”，有退一步设想

18、的意味，多，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。用于书面语中。as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用用though或或although引导的从句，语气强，引导的从句，语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。倒装。no matter 与与 who-ever引导的让步状引导的让步状语从句意义基本一语从句意义基本一 样，样，no matter 引导引导的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后。的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后。wh-ever从句中的动词有时可以和从句中的动词有时可以和may连连用。判断用。判断wh-ever引导的是状语

19、从句还是名引导的是状语从句还是名词性从句的一点是，名词性从句，主句中词性从句的一点是，名词性从句，主句中一定有一个成分要在从句担任，一般从句一定有一个成分要在从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。与主句之间没有逗号。不可将不可将no matter与与wh-ever连用连用a.If you meet someone you usually shake his/her hand.b.What shall I do if Im invited to dinner?c.Unless youre very unlucky youll soonthink of something.1.Look at th

20、e sentences and answer the questions.1.Which sentences refers to a normal everyday situation?a 2.Which sentences refers to a possibility in the future?b3.Which word in the third sentence mean if not?unless 1.If you _ a cake,your host _ very pleased.(take,be)2.Unless the weather _ better,I_ at home.(

21、get,stay)take will be gets will stayExample:If I see her Ill invite her to the party.(see,invite)2.Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.3.He _ home early if he _ well.(go,not feel)4.What _ I _ if they _ about politics?(do,talk)will godoesnt feelshalldotalk5.If you _

22、your hand,the taxi_.(raise,stop)6.I _ anything unless he _me.(not say,ask)raise will stop will not say asks1.Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday?No.But if I _the time，I would definitely go.A.have B.had C.have had D.would have B3.Additional Exercise Choose the best answers2.If yo

23、u _this experiment,you will understand the theory better.A.will be doing B.have done C.will have done D.would do B3.The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining B4.Shall Brown come and play computer games?No,_ he has finished his homework.A.when B.if C.unles

24、s D.onceC5._ you try,you will never succeed.A.If B.Until C.Since D.Unless D6.The air is full of smoke and people are coughing.It will get worse _ the government does something about the pollution.A.but B.unless C.except D.if B7.I wonder if I _ time.If I _ time,Ill go with you.A.have;have B.will have

25、;will have C.have;will have D.will have;have DGrammar 31.Whatever you do,dont leave immediately after the meal is finished.a)It is important to leave immediately after the meal has finished.b)Dont do anything after the meal has finished.c)You can do anything you like after the meal has finished.d)It

26、 is important not to leave immediately after the meal has finished.1.Read the sentences and choose the correct meaning.2.However hungry you are,you shouldnt start to eat before your host does.a)If you are very hungry you can start to eat.b)Even if you are very hungry you should wait.c)It is importan

27、t to start eating before your host.d)Dont eat anything if youre not hungry.no matter what=no matter who =no matter when=no matter where=no matter which=no matter how=whateverwhoeverwheneverwhereverwhicheverhoweverConclusion:让步状语从句可以由以上让步状语从句可以由以上从属连词引导。从属连词引导。1._ I feel lonely,I think about you.2._

28、he is,he is very rude to me!3._ I go,I always meet interesting people.4.You can invite _ you like to the party.WheneverWhoeverWhereverWhoever2.Complete the sentences with whoever,whenever or however.5._ late you arrive,Ill come and meet you.6.I feel shy _ she says hello to me.7.I hear that song _ I

29、switch on the radio.8._ much I study,I find these exercises difficult.HoweverwheneverwheneverHoweverQ:However 修饰什么？从句的结构是？修饰什么？从句的结构是？1.However rich your are,you shouldnt waste money.2.However hard she tried,nothing seemed to work.Conclusion:However常形容词或副词。从常形容词或副词。从句的结构为句的结构为however+adj./adv.+其他成分其

30、他成分。3.Study the sentences below and answer the questionQ:Which of the following are right?What conclusion can you draw?1.No matter what you say is of no use now.Whatever you say is of no use now.2.Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyre given.Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre given.Conclusio

31、n:no matter+疑问词疑问词 不能引导名词性从句。不能引导名词性从句。Q:让步状语从句还可以由哪些从属连词引导？让步状语从句还可以由哪些从属连词引导？Although its raining,they are still working in the field.Though the sore be healed,yet a scar may remain.Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.Whether you believe it or not,it is true.Conclusion:though,although引

32、导的让步状语引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是，但是 though 和和yet可连用。可连用。1.Strange _ his behavior may be,there is a very good reason for it.A.although B.even if C.that D.as2._ knows the name of this song will receive a prize from the radio station.A.Whoever B.Those C.Whichever people D.Any peopleDA3._ convi

33、ncing an argument is,it needs support of evidence.A.Whatever B.However C.Although D.Even if 4._ we gave him anything to eat,he would save it up for his little brother.A.When B.That C.Whenever D.WhatBC5._ difficulties we may come across,we will help one another to get over them.A.Whatever B.Whichever C.However D.What6.Although Mr.smith is one of those teachers who appear to be friendly,_ he is very hard to deal with.A.but B.so C.so that D.yetADHomeworkReview what you have learned.Get ready for the next period of class.