各大时态的被动语态讲解课件.ppt

1、The Passive Voice被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表现出表现出来。来。一一、运用被动语态的情景运用被动语态的情景n1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者执行者(这时可省这时可省 by 短语短语)。n My bike was stolen last

2、 night.n2.借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。n I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.n3.为了更好地安排句子为了更好地安排句子。nThe well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一个主语（一个主语就够了）就够了）His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by

3、his brother every day.改为被动语态Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beilun.English is spoken as the first language in UK.你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？1.They make shoes in that fac

4、tory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词He looked after the little baby yesterday.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by hi

5、m yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Many trees were planted by them years ago.2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The r

6、oom will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.The TV set will be mended by

7、Uncle Wang tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the

8、pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.5.Jim could do it yesterday.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.It could be done by Jim yesterday.归纳总结方法归纳总结方法 把主动语态变

9、为被动语态可按把主动语态变为被动语态可按“一变、二套、三注意一变、二套、三注意”来进行。来进行。即：即：一变一变-把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语态的主语 改为被动语态的介词改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。的宾语。二套二套-根据原句的时态套用相应的时态。根据原句的时态套用相应的时态。三注意三注意-注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例如：例如：Many people speak English.English by many people.He washed his shoes yesterday

10、.His shoes by him yesterday.is spokenwere washed下列时态的被动语态构成下列时态的被动语态构成 Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进

11、行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词时时 态态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态1 一般现在时一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+过去分词过去分词2 一般过去时一般过去时didwas/were+过去分词过去分词3 一般将来时一般将来时will/be going to+动词原动词原形形will/be going to+be+过去分词过去分词4 过去将来时过去将来时wo

12、uld+动词原形动词原形would+be+过去分词过去分词5 现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+现在分词现在分词am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词6 过去进行时过去进行时was/were+现在分词现在分词was/were+being+过去分词过去分词7 现在完成时现在完成时have/has+过去分词过去分词have/has+been+过去分词过去分词8 过去完成时过去完成时had+过去分词过去分词had+been+过去分词过去分词9 含情态动词含情态动词情态动词情态动词+动词原形动词原形情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词1).Parents always look a

13、fter their children carefully.Children are always looked after carefully.2).She will turn off the light after class.The light will be turned off after class。3).She listened to the teachers carefully sometimes.The teachers were listened to carefully sometimes.主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态使使役役动动词词make sb.do sth.sb

14、.be made to do sth.have sb.do sth.sb.be had to do sth.let sb.do sth.sb.be let to do sth.感感观观动动词词see sb.do sth.sb.be seen to do sth.watch sb.do sth.sb.be watched to do sth.hear sb.do sth.sb.be heard to do sth.notice sb.do sth.sb.be noticed to do sth.go The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day.T

15、he workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.I saw him enter the house.He was seen to enter the house by me.The teacher let them leave the classroom after class.They were let to leave the classroom by the teacher after class.We hear her sing in the room every day.She is heard to sing in th

16、e room every day.注意注意当使用当使用see/hear/watch sb.doing sth.时，变为被动语时，变为被动语态时，态时，doing保持不变。如：保持不变。如：I saw him going into the shop.(主动主动)He was seen going into the shop.(被动被动)1.He passed me some paper.I was passed some paper by him.Some paper was passed to me by him.2.He bought me a present for my birthday

17、.I was bought a present by him for my birthday.A present was bought for me for my birthday by him.3.They have given me some good advice.I have been given some good advice.Some good advice has been given to me.1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean t

18、he windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to have can

19、 be used3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were given were

20、given to us7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of

21、the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.German

22、_ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by themHomework:1.He cleans the classroom everyday.2.They finished their homework.3.I can mend his bike.4.She will buy ten books tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man often makes us laugh.各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：情态动词：情态动词：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去进行时：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+done