句子成分讲解-课件.ppt

1、Unit 3language in useTranslate the phrases1)将来_2)结果_3）山地自行车运动_ 4）出版_5）例如_6）试图做某事_7）整理_8）同.一样_9）空闲时间_10）照顾_ in the future as a resultmountain biking come out such as try to do sth.tidy up as well as free time look after句子成分 1.组成句子的成分叫句子成分。组成句子的成分叫句子成分。2.在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可

2、以把句子分为不同的按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。组成成分。3.句子成分由词或词组充当。句子成分由词或词组充当。4.英语的基本成分有六种：主语（英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、）、谓语（谓语（predicate）、表语（）、表语（predicative）、）、宾语（宾语（object）、定语（）、定语（attribute）和状语）和状语(adverbial)。主语 1.主语是一个句子的主题，也是句子的主体，表示句子主要说明的人或事物。2.它的位置一般在句首。3.一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语或句子等充当。The meeting will begin a

3、t 9:00.(名词)We study in No.1 Middle School.(代词)Smoking is bad for you.(动名词)谓语 1.谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。一般放在主语之后。2.谓语一般是由动词或连系动词+表语担当。3.谓语必须和主语在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。We work hard.(动词）Mike likes his new book.His parents are teachers.(连系动词+表语)She is reading.表语 1.表语是表述主语的特征、状态或身份等。2.表语位于连系动词之后，二者构成系表结构，即合成谓语 3.表语由名词、形容词或

4、相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或句子等充当。Her brother is a driver.(名词)Are you ready?(形容词)We were at home last night.(介词短语)This book is mine,not yours.(代词)The film is exciting.(现在分词)宾语 1.宾语表示动作、行为的对象。2.只有及物动词可带宾语，有些不及物动词加上介词或副词也可带宾语。3.由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或句子担当。He often helps me.(代词)We study English at school.(名词)If you add

5、5 to 5,you get 10.(数词)Remember to buy some stamps.(动词不定式)He likes making you laugh.(动名词)He said,You are wrong.(句子)Do you understand what I mean?(从句)宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。1.名词/代词宾格+名词：The war made him a soldier.2.名词/代词宾格+形容词：Please keep the room clean.3.名词/代词宾格+介词短语：I oft

6、en find him at work.4.名词/代词宾格+动词不定式：The teacher ask the students to close the windows.5.名词/代词宾格+分词：I saw a cat running across the road.状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语的通常是副词。1）副词（短语）作状语：The boy needs a pen very much.（程度状语）The boy,now,needs a pen.（时间状语）2）介词短语作状语：In the classroom

7、,the boy needs a pen.（地点状语）Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.(条件状语)On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom.(时间状语)3）不定式作状语：The boy needs a pen to do his homework.（目的状语）4）名词作状语：Come this way!（方向状语）定语 1.定语是用来修饰名词;代词或句子的成分2.定语有前置定语,后置定语3.充当定语的词有：形容词;名词;代词;数词;名词所有格.方位副词;不定式;动词的ing形式;过去分词;从句等例

8、如：Tom is a handsome boy.(形容词作定语)His name is Tom.(代词作定语)The boy in blue is Tom.(介词短语作定语)There is nothing to do today(不定式作定语)英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：（主谓）基本句型二：（主谓表）基本句型三：（主谓宾）基本句型四：（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：（主谓宾宾补）1.I bought my mother a new book for her birthday.2.She showed me her stamp collection.3.I often watch spo

9、rt on TV.4.Im a writer.5.I read a lot.6.My father wanted me to be a musician.7.I heard her sing.8.There are lots of fans in the museum.9.Im playing the piano.1.Id like to learn another language,_ I want to travel around the world one day.2.The Harry Potter stories were very popular and _ more teenag

10、ers began to enjoy reading than ever before.3.Jane is good at singing _ dancing.4.At our school you can try lots of new activities,_ creative writing and playing the piano.5.We made a delicious cake this morning.Now we need to _ the kitchen.6.I asked my parents to buy me a dog.I would _ it.7.Shall we _ some time _ playing table tennis on Saturday?8.I buy the magazines when they _each month.because as a result as well as such as tidy up look after spend in come outHomework 1.Go over the exercise 2.Making a hobby questionnaire.