高中英语语法-名词性从句(61张)课件.ppt

1、His job is important.What he does is important.This is his job.This is what he does every day.I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.I dont know about the man,Mr.White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A.That B.What C

2、.Why D.If2.I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A.that B.if C.whether D.what3.This is _ he was often late for school.A.what B.that C.why D.whether4.We all know the truth _ the earth moves around the sun.A.If B.that;C.why D.whether主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句At lunch time,the radio w

3、eatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.What surprised me most was that the old man couldnt see anything.The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.Predictive Clause(表语从句表语从句)Object C

4、lause(宾语从句宾语从句)Subject Clause(主语从句主语从句)Appositive Clause同位语从句同位语从句Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them1 That he will succeed is certain.2 Whether he will go there is not known.3 What he said is not true.4 Where he hid the money is to be found out.5 Whoever comes i

5、s welcome.6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.“It“It“Is used asIs used as empty subjectempty subject形式形式主语主语为避免主语冗长为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻,经常经常用用itit作形式主语作形式主语,主语从句放在后面主语从句放在后面作真正的主语作真正的主语.1.It is certain that he will suc

6、ceed.2.It is not known whether he will go there.3.It has not been decided yet when theyll start the project.Its possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚 It said/reported that据说据说/据报道据报道 It seems/appears/happens that显然、明显、显然、明显、碰巧碰巧.Its been announced/declared that已经通知已经

7、通知/宣布宣布Its no wonder that并不奇怪并不奇怪/无疑无疑 Its a pity/a fact that宾语宾语从句从句在句中充当宾语成分（在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）They said that they would come on time.I am interested in who the tall man is.He asked how much I paid for the violin.He made it clear to the public that he did an

8、 important and necessary job.I find it necessary that we should do the homework.Tell the function of the following clausesthat,whether，if （that 常可省略）常可省略）who,what,which,whoever,whatever,when where why how 当当whether后紧跟后紧跟or not时时,不用不用if.I dont know whether I will stay or not 介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用i

9、f.I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.1.Whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾语从句 在在主主+谓谓+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+宾补宾补+that从句从句(真正真正宾语宾语)的句型中的句型中不省略不省略We must make it clear that we mean what we say.由连词由连词and连接的两个由连接的两个由that引导引导 的宾语从句中的宾语从句中,第二个第二个that 不省略不省略.He told me（that）he would come and that he would come on tim

10、e.The question is whether we can rely on him.Thats because we were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.表语从句表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后之后.作用：作用：对主语进行解释说明。对主语进行解释说明。when/where/why/how/because that/whether/as if/as though（if 不引导不引导表语从句表

11、语从句)who/whom/whose/which/what1.The reason(_ we didnt trust him)is _ he has often lied2.The reason(_ he gave for his absence)is _ he was ill.reason reason 后面的后面的表语表语从句只能用从句只能用thatthat 引引导导,不能用不能用why why 引导引导,但但reason后面的后面的定语定语从句可以用从句可以用why 或者或者that 引导。引导。表语表语whythatthatthat1)What ever gave you the id

12、ea that I can sing?2)Word came that our team won the match.3).I have no idea when he will come back.1.1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：2.2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：3.3.连接词通常是连接词通常是thatthat,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用名词名词.+连接词连接词+从句从句Whether,what,when,where 等来引导同位语从句。等来引导同位语从句。fact、idea,news,order,belief,suggestion,advice,in

13、formation等等1.I have no idea _he comes from.2.He cant answer the question _he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5.I have some doubt _ he will win.wherehowthatthatwhether1.Yao ming will come to our school.The n

14、ews is true 2.I didnt ask for the mans name .The fact is a pity.The news that Yao ming will come to our school is true.The fact that I didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.3.Where do they live?I have no idea.I have no idea where they live.分析下列宾语从句中的连词分析下列宾语从句中的连词1.I dont doubt（that）you will succeed

15、.2.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.3.I doubt if/whether you will keep your promise.3 3个句子中的连词个句子中的连词that,whether,if that,whether,if（是否）在名词性（是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为被称为连接词连接词注意注意：a.that a.that 本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，但在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。但在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。b.w

16、hether b.whether 和和ifif有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但whether whether 可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而if if 仅可以仅可以用于宾语从句。用于宾语从句。reduce paina scientific studybreath insniff pleasant smelltake the painbe related to be linked to减少疼痛减少疼痛一次科学研究一次科学研究吸进吸进闻香味闻香味忍受疼痛忍受疼痛与与相关相关与与相联系相联系 1.reduc

17、e（sth.be reduced by被减少被减少了了）sth.be reduced to 被减少被减少到到）学生的人数已经减少了学生的人数已经减少了3%The number of the students has been reduced by 3%.价格已经降到了价格已经降到了5美元。美元。The price has been reduced to$5.2.be related toWealth is seldom related to happiness.财富鲜于幸福有关。财富鲜于幸福有关。3.be linkd to Town A is linked to town B by a rai

18、lway Link his name with her name 4.addadd“增加增加”;“又说，补充说又说，补充说”addto意为意为“把把加到加到”add to“增加，增进增加，增进”add up to意为意为“加起来总共是加起来总共是该短语不用于被动语态。该短语不用于被动语态。1.After a short while,he _that he would try his best2._ two _seven,and you will get nine 3.All his school education _no morethan one year 4.The bad weather

19、 _our difficulties addedadded toadded up toAdd toPara1 The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggested by new research.Para 2 As people believe(2)that strong smells can affect the senses.Para 3 Scientists are interested in(3)whether the sense of smell is related to

20、 pain and whether men and women have the same senses.Now,the study has proved(4)that for women,pleasant smells reduce pain.Para 4 He says(5)that scientists already have data from 4 0 volunteers He adds(6)that this year,scientists will test another 60 volunteers and will be in a better position to ex

21、plain the results.Para5One explaination is(7)that womens sense of smell developed long ago,and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies.Scientists used to believe(8)that mothers recognized their children by sight only.Now they have started to believe(9)that the sense of smell also helps But(10)w

22、hy pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists.1.have something to do with P11 PA2.make the most of sth./sb./oneself.Make the most of ones spare time/ones chances/talents It is my first holiday for two years so I am going to make the most of it.She real

23、ly tries to make the most of herself by dressing well3.While having dinner,listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch TV.I would walk rather than take a bus.I will have a cold drink rather than coffee.Words 1.Everyday:every day Lets begin with everyday English.In our everyday lifeSome parents

24、collect their children from school every day.2.ignore v.忽略忽略,没注意没注意 It is not a question that can be ignored.ignorant adj.无知的无知的 be ignorant of/about对对不了解不了解They are ignorant of/about what happened3.deeply adv.深深地深深地 I am deeply sorry for what has happened 4.ache n./vi.疼痛疼痛 PB There were aches in hi

25、s joints.He ached all over.toothache,stomachache,headache 5.warm up 暖身暖身,预热预热,活跃活跃 The party soon warmed up.聚会气氛很快活跃起来聚会气氛很快活跃起来 warm-up n.准备练习准备练习6.ring out发出响声发出响声ring back 回电话回电话 ring for打电话找打电话找/要要ring off 放下话筒放下话筒ring up 给给打电话打电话 You have to ring for service.A shot rang out in the night.7.fly f

26、lew flown 1.make ones way(back)to 2.Cant help wondering.She couldnt help crying at the good news I am too busy today.I cant help to do the work for you.3.get close to the camp 4.lose sight of/catch sight of 5.sweat with fear 6.all of a sudden suddenly adv7.ring out 8.be frozen with fear 一、名词性从句的语序一、

27、名词性从句的语序（1 1）名词性从句构成有名词性从句构成有两两种种a.a.that+陈述句陈述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.This is what we are looking for.b.b.疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分(陈述句语序陈述句语序)(2)(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。How was he successful is still a puzzle.()How he was succes

28、sful is still a puzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Could you tell me where he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?()二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用（1 1）that that 和和what what 的选用的选用thatthat 和和 whatwhat 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，whatwhat除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性词

29、性从句中充当成分从句中充当成分，可做从句的，可做从句的主主语、宾语、或表语语、宾语、或表语。而。而thatthat在名词性从在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起句中不充当任何成分，只起连接连接作用作用。that/what1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is s

30、aying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhata.a.主语从句主语从句b.b.表语从句表语从句c.c.同位语从句同位语从句e.e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.whether to do f.whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to if to do.do.g whether or not g whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时连在一起引导宾语从句时不用不用if.i

31、f.不能使用if 的情况：1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _

32、 the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的正确的选择选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何

33、时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhatwherethat that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：thatthat不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：主

34、语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it ne

35、cessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that1.1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中的具体内容。定语从句中thatthat不但起连接作用，不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。的宾语成分时可省略。2.2.同

36、位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的的that that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接只起连接作用作用,无具体含义无具体含义,且不可省略且不可省略.1.We expressed the hope(that they had expressed.)2.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced

37、 that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information(that he talked about at the meeting)is of great value.ATAPAPATHe gave me a suggestion that I(should)be calm now.名词名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为结构为 should+do,should 可省略

38、可省略 a.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _.b.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you were doing at this time yesterday1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。He told me _.他说他已离开家乡

39、十年了。他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。The teacher tells us _.he was preparing for the examinationhe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.2.如果主句谓语是过去时如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓

40、语通常用一般现在时。律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China.A.which B.that C.whom D.when2.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true.A.that B.which C.when D.what3.I have no idea _he will come back.A.where B.when C.what D.that4._ his dream of going to college will come true

41、is uncertain.A.That B.Whether C.If D.Even if5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A.what that B.that which C.that what D.which that6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A.what B.whether c.that D.which7.The question is _the film is wo

42、rth seeing.A.if B.what C.whether D.how 8.They received orders _ the work be done at once.A.which B.when C./D.that 9.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A.why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because 10._ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.A.What;why B.Which;how

43、 C.That;why D.What;because11.He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A.that B.if C.what D.that if12.It is known to us _ where there is pollution,there is harm.A.which B.where C.what D.that13.I have the information _.A.of what hell come soon B.that hell come soon C.of that

44、 hell come soon D.his coming soon14.-I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.-_ it made me nearly mad.A.That he broke B.What he broke C.He broke D.His break15.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.that C.when D.what16.-Can I help you?-Yes,do yo

45、u know _?A.when comes the bus B.when will come the bus C.when does the bus come D.when the bus comes17.They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A.what;that B.it;that C.what;when D.which;what1.It now appears _ they are in need of help.A.that B.which C.what

46、D.how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.A.which B.what C.that D.how3.It _ Joe drives badly.A.thought that B.thinks that C.is thought that D.is thought that4.It _ he is late for class.A.may that B.might that C.may be that D.might be what5.This is _ she was born.A.where B.which C.that

47、D.what6.The question is _ we cant go there today.A.that B.what C.which D.when7.The question is _ it is worth doing.A.if B.whether C.which D.what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A.because B.why C.that D.what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land int

48、o rice fields.A.what B.that C.which D.where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain.A.build B.will build C.be built D.will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house.A.keep B.would keep C.keeps D.kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it.A.Who that B.Whoever C.Whom th

49、at D.That who7.The question is _ it is worth doing.A.if B.whether C.which D.what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A.because B.why C.that D.what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields.A.what B.that C.which D.where10.His proposal is th

50、at the dam _ at the foot of the mountain.A.build B.will build C.be built D.will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house.A.keep B.would keep C.keeps D.kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it.A.Who that B.Whoever C.Whom that D.That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the