高中英语-直接引语和间接引语的相互转化课件-新人教.ppt

1、直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语 直接引语：直接引语：直接引用别人的原话直接引用别人的原话,并在原话前后加引并在原话前后加引号。号。例：例：He said,It is too late.间接引语：间接引语：用自己的话转述他人的话用自己的话转述他人的话,多数以宾语从多数以宾语从句的形式构成。句的形式构成。例：例：He said it was too late.直接引语与间接引语相互转化时直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的变化应注意的变化 直接引语里中的人称，包括主格、宾格、还有形直接引语里中的人称，包括主格、宾格、还有形容词性及名词性物主代词、反身代词，变间接引容词性及名词性物主代词、反身

2、代词，变间接引语时，都要做相应调整。例如：语时，都要做相应调整。例如：直接引语直接引语 She said,“I am hungry.”间接引语间接引语 She said was hungry.直接引语直接引语 Mum said to me,“You can clean your bedroom tomorrow.”间接引语间接引语 Mum told me that could clean bedroom the next day.1.1.人称的变化。人称的变化。“一主、二宾、三不变一主、二宾、三不变”sheImythey2.2.时态变化时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的直接引语变间接引

3、语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致时态要与主句的时态一致.1）主句为现在时态（一般现在时，现在进）主句为现在时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时，现在完成行时，现在完成时，一般将来时，现在完成进行时），宾语从句中的时态要按直接引语进行时），宾语从句中的时态要按直接引语中的时态不变。中的时态不变。He says,I bought you a book yesterday.”He says that he me a book yesterday.bought 直接引语直接引语 He is saying,“I was living a miserable life before

4、literature.”直接引语直接引语 He has said,“I live a happy life now.”间接引语间接引语 He is saying that he a miserable life before literature.间接引语间接引语 He has said that he a happy life now.”was livinglives 一般现在时一般现在时 现在进行时现在进行时 现在完成时现在完成时 一般将来时一般将来时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去进行时过去进行时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去进行时过去进行时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去将

5、来时过去将来时 过去完成时过去完成时 不变不变 不变不变按直接引语的时态往后退一个步按直接引语的时态往后退一个步注意：注意：1.直接引语为客观真理永恒状态，不受时间限直接引语为客观真理永恒状态，不受时间限制，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。如：制，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。如：Teacher said to us,The moon moves round the earth.Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.The teacher said to us,“Light travels faster than sound.”Th

6、e teacher said that light travels faster than sound.2.直接引语为一般过去时并且标明具体直接引语为一般过去时并且标明具体的某年或某月或某日时，间接引语仍用的某年或某月或某日时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。例如一般过去时。例如 ：She said,I went to England in 1998.”She said she went to England in 1998.He said,“The story took place in the 1930s.”He said that the story took place in the 1930

7、s.”3.部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如must,ought to,used to,had better等，时态不变等，时态不变：She said to me:“You must hurry up.”She said that I must hurry up.3.时间状语变化时间状语变化a.若是现在范畴的，改后都有一个thattoday-that day tonight-that night this week(month,etc)-that week(month,etc)但是now-thenb.若是过去范畴的，改后都有一个before如：yesterday-the day before la

8、st night-the night before three days ago-three days before the day before yesterday-two days beforec.若是将来范畴的，改后一般都有一个the如：tomorrow-the next day next week-the next week 但是 the day after tomorrow-in two days timed.若是具体的年、月、日、钟点不变若是具体的年、月、日、钟点不变11、凡为教者必期于达到不须教。对人以诚信，人不欺我;对事以诚信，事无不成。12、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，

9、然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。13、在教师手里操着幼年人的命运，便操着民族和人类的命运。2022-11-72022-11-7November 7,202214、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。15、纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。16、一个人所受的教育超过了自己的智力，这样的人才有学问。17、好奇是儿童的原始本性，感知会使儿童心灵升华，为其为了探究事物藏下本源。2022年11月2022-11-72022-11-72022-11-711/7/202218、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和

10、对他发生作用的环境。2022-11-72022-11-74.指示代词，地点状语，动词变化指示代词，地点状语，动词变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语thistheseherecomebring thatthosetheregotake 注注：时间、指示代词、地点状语等的变更，要根据说话的实际情况，不要机械的照搬，如：在当天转述，yesterday,today,tomorrow等时间状语不必改变 在当地转述，here 等也不必改变4.4.句式结构上的变化句式结构上的变化 解题步骤解题步骤:1）.陈述句变间接引语时，用陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接连接,that 无实际意义，可省略。例无实际意

11、义，可省略。例:“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.Sarah He said:“We are good at English.”He said(that)they were good at English.She said to me:“She does her homework every

12、night.”She told me(that)she did her homework every night.2）.一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词要用陈述语气，并要加连词if或或whether。“Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”,they asked himThey asked himif /whetherit is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askedwasThey asked him if it w

13、as easy to improve the condition of the soil.She asked me,Are you Mr.Li?She asked me if I was Mr.Li.He asked,“Do you speak English or French?”He asked me whether I spoke English or French.3 3）.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导。疑问词引导。They asked him“When do you harvest the wheat?”They asked him when y

14、ou harvest the wheat.harvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.例如：例如：How much have we spent on petrol this year,Susan asked her husband.Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.He asked me:“What time is it now?”He asked me what time it was then.注意：转述问句时后面用陈述句语序。注

15、意：转述问句时后面用陈述句语序。4）.祈使句变间接引语祈使句变间接引语是是tell/ask sb.(not)to do sth.结构结构解题步骤解题步骤:“Dont talk in class,”the teacher said to us.The teacher told usDontnot to talk in class.例：例：He said to her:“Dont take the book away,please.He asked her not to take the book away.He said to me:“Please do it again.”He told/as

16、ked me to do it again.Summary 直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句祈使句that引导引导if/whether 引导引导原疑问词引导原疑问词引导ask/tell sb to do sth.1.主句为现在时态主句为现在时态2.主句为过去时态主句为过去时态时态不变时态不变向后退一个时态向后退一个时态第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称与主句主语人称一致与主句主语人称一致与主句宾语人称一致与主句宾语人称一致不变不变句式句式结构结构时态时态人称人称其他其他宾语从句宾语从句语序语序疑问句疑问句陈述句语序陈述句语

17、序 1.He often says“I shall tell you about them.”He often tells me that _ will tell _ about _.Iyouthem B.hemethem C.heyouus D.Imeyou2.You must say to her,“I depend on you and him.”You must tell her that _ depend on _ and _.Iyouhim B.sheyoume C.youherhim D.youmehim3.I shall tell him,“I have written to

18、you and her twice.”I shall tell him that _ have written to _ and _ twice.Ihimher B.youhimher C.I youme D.youmeherPractice A）根据句型及句意将下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。1.Alice said,“Ive just got a letter from my father.”Alice said that _ _ just got a letter from _ father.she hadherPractice 2.Jane asked Dick,“Have you

19、 finished writing the report?”Jane asked Dick _ _ _ writing the report.3.“Dont grow plants in the same place year after year,”the farmer said.The farmer _ me _ _ _ plants in the same place year after year.whetherhe had finishedaskednot to grow 4.Mr.Smith said to the girl,“I will come here to see you

20、 next Sunday.”Mr.Smith _ the girl that_ _ _ there to see_ _ _ Sunday.5.“Why are you late?”the teacher asked the boy.The teacher asked the boy _ _ _ late.toldhewould goherthe nextwhyhe was 1.Do Ex.1 on P.6 2.Review the rules of the changes from direct speech into indirect speech.Homework把下列的句子变成间接引语

21、1.“ImleavingforLondonnextweek.”Mysister saidtome.2.Johnsaid,“Mr.Smithhascomehere.”3.Shesaid,“Doyouwantmetohelpyou?”4.“Didthemanintheshopunderstand himatlast?”Shesaid.John said that Mr.Smith had gone there.”My sister told me that she was leaving for London the next week.She asked whether I wanted her

22、 to help me.She asked whether the man in the shop understood him at last.5.Mumsaid,“Canyouspeak English?”6.“Howmanypeoplearetherein yourfamily?”Heaskedtheboy.7.“Dontworry.”Themothersaid tothechildren.8.Hesaid,“Pleasegivemeabook.”Mum asked whether I could speak English.He asked the boy how many people there were in his familyThe mother told the children not to worry.He asked us to give him a book.Mum asked me to speak English.