高中英语-名词性从句讲解课件.ppt

1、 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does is important.SubjectThis is his job.This is what he does every day.predicativeI dont like his job.I dont like what he d

2、oes every day.objectI am your English teacher,Miss Wang.Everyone knows the fact that I am your English teacher.apposition名词从句名词从句1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A.That B.What C.Why D.If2.I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A.that B.if C.whether D.what3.This is _ he w

3、as often late for school.A.what B.that C.why D.whether4.We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A.if;moved B.that;moves C.why;move D.whether;moveACCBsubject clauseobject clausePredicative clauseappositive clauseTry to find the noun clauses in the Reading section on page 2 and tell the fun

4、ctions.1.At lunchtime,the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.2.She wondered if the buses would still be running.3.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.4.She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.Obj

5、ect clauseObject clausePredicative clauseObject clauseP9:Underline all the noun clauses you can find.Figure out he function of“it”It is reported that he wanted to have a rest.It is necessary that you should work hard.We made it clear that everyone should do their homework every day.We all thought it

6、 good news that the fog had finally gone.名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、一、名词性从句的连接词名词性从句的连接词（connecting words)a.that(不充当从句的任何成分）不充当从句的任何成分）That light travels in straight lines is known to all.She sensed that she was being watched.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.The fact that

7、Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.引导词引导词that 的省略的省略that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句d.用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略that/(that)1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he ha

8、s made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatb.wh-(how)wordsWhy they have not l

9、eft yet is unclear.Polly didnt know which way she would go.The problem is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd.This is a question whose book it is.连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义句中的具体意义连接代词：连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which连接副词：连接副词：when,where,how,why这些连接词不仅起到连接作用，同时也

10、这些连接词不仅起到连接作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。是从句的一个组成部分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhow

11、hatwherec.if/whether(不充当从句的任何成分）不充当从句的任何成分）1.I asked her if/whether she had a bike.2.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.The question is whether he should do it.4.The doctor can hardly answer the question whether the old man will recover soon.5.Were worried

12、 about whether he is safe.6.We discussed whether we should close the shop on Sunday.7.I dont know whether to go.8.I dont know whether or not he is well.if 和和whether 的选用的选用不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.动词动词discuss 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句g.whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用

13、if to do.h.whether or not 连在一起连在一起 引导宾语从句时不引导宾语从句时不用用if.1.The weather will not clear up until next week.It is bad news for us.It is bad news for us that the weather will not clear up until next week.2.Do animals have the same senses as humans.I often wonder.I often wonder whether animals have the sa

14、me senses as humans.3.Im sure that he is honest.Im not sure whether/if he is honest.I doubt _he is honest.I have no doubt _ he is honest.whether/if that4.No one knows whether/if it will be fine tomorrow and whether/if he will come to work.he said that he liked rain and that he wouldnt use an umbrell

15、a when it was raining.that 与与 whether/if的的 用法区别用法区别1.whether(if)表示“是否”，而that 却不表示任何意义。2.that 表示一种肯定、明确的概念，而whether(if)则表示一种不肯定、不明确的概念。3.当that/if/whether 引导的名词性从句是由and 或but 连接的两个并列分句时，则在and或but 后还需要用that/if/whether 引导，不可省略。二、二、名词性从句中使用陈述句语序名词性从句中使用陈述句语序他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful

16、is still a puzzle.()How he was successful is still a puzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?()WRRwHomework:1.P92 C1&C22.kkl:Period 5 grammar(1)Period10:close&reading comprehensionthat 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名

17、词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that/what1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should

18、 pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat三、同位语从句的引导和辨别三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词连接词+从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice等抽等抽象名词。象

19、名词。3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 whether,what,when,where 等来引导同位语从句。等来引导同位语从句。1.I have no idea _ he comes from.2.He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5.I have some doubt _ h

20、e will win.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。时可省略。2.同位语从句对中同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的表明中心

21、词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用只起连接作用,无具体无具体含义含义,且不可省略且不可省略.1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The

22、information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.Attributive or Appositive ATAPAPAT名词名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为结构为 should+do,should 可省略可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I(should)be calm now.宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时如果主句时态是现在时或将来时

23、,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you were doing at this time yesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规但从句表达的是客观事实、

24、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。He told me _.他说他已离开家乡十年了。他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。The teacher tell us _he was preparing for the examinationHe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.Practice time

25、1.It now appears _ they are in need of help.A.that B.which C.what D.how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.A.which B.what C.that D.how3.It _ Joe drives badly.A.thought that B.thinks that C.is thought that D.is thought that4.It _ he is late for class.A.may that B.might that C.may be th

26、at D.might be what5.This is _ she was born.A.where B.which C.that D.what6.The question is _ we cant go there today.A.that B.what C.which D.when7.The question is _ it is worth doing.A.if B.whether C.which D.what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A.because B

27、.why C.that D.what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields.A.what B.that C.which D.where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain.A.build B.will build C.be built D.will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house.A.keep B.would keep C.keeps D.kept12._ kno

28、ws the truth will tell you about it.A.Who that B.Whoever C.Whom that D.That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A.that B.which C.what D.whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won.A.which B.that C.what D.where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A.which B.that C.whether D.if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.A.which B.what C.that D.where