高中英语-人教版新教材welcome-unit-discovering-useful-structures(共24张)课件.pptx--（课件中不含音视频）

1、1主语：主语：是句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体是句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体一般由名词、代词、数一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。词、不定式或动名词等充当。The car is running fast（名词）（名词）We are students（代词）（代词）One of my classmates is from Shanghai（数词）（数词）Its bad manners to spit in public（不定式）（不定式）Eating too much is bad for your health（动名词）（动名词）2谓语：谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，说明主

2、语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体部分，一般由动词充当。也是句子的主体部分，一般由动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与省略连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合的不定式构成合成谓语，助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。成谓语，助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。如：如：He works in a factory（实义动词）（实义动词）I felt cold（系动词表语）（系动词表语）How can I get to the station

3、？（情态动词实义动词）？（情态动词实义动词）Do you speak English？（助动词实义动词）？（助动词实义动词）They are working in a field（助动词实义动词）（助动词实义动词）3宾语：宾语：是及物动词所涉及的对象，是及物动词所涉及的对象，一般由名词、代词、不定式及动名词一般由名词、代词、不定式及动名词等充当。等充当。如：如：He is doing his homework（名词）（名词）They did nothing this morning（代词）（代词）She wants to go home（不定式）（不定式）We enjoy playing fo

4、otball（动名词）（动名词）4表语：表语：，一般由名词、数词、形容词、，一般由名词、数词、形容词、分词等充当。常用的连系动词有：分词等充当。常用的连系动词有：be，look，get，sound（听起来），（听起来），feel，become，smell，turn，taste尝起来）等。尝起来）等。如：如：They are workers（名词）（名词）Two and three is five（数词）（数词）The story is very interesting（形容词）（形容词）M y job（工作）（工作）is teaching English（动名词）（动名词）She is at

5、home（介词短语）（介词短语）I feel terrible（形容词）（形容词）The dish tastes delicious（形容词）（形容词）5定语：定语：用于修饰名词或代词用于修饰名词或代词，一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式等充当。，一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式等充当。如：如：What a beautiful kite it is！（形容词）！（形容词）She is a chemistry teacher（名词）（名词）There are two students in the classroom（数词）（数词）We have something to do tomorrow（

6、不定式）（不定式）The man in blue is my brother（介词短语）（介词短语）6状语：状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，一般由副词、介词短语、不定，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式短语或从句充当。单个副词作状语一般放在被修饰词之前，短语或从句放式短语或从句充当。单个副词作状语一般放在被修饰词之前，短语或从句放在句首或句末。在句首或句末。如：如：Thank you very much（副词）（副词）I get up at five in the morning（介词短语）（介词短语）He is studying hard so as to

7、catch up with others（不定式短语）（不定式短语）We were having breakfast when the telephone rang（从句）（从句）【注意注意】enough作状语只能放在被修饰词之后。如：作状语只能放在被修饰词之后。如：He is old enough to go to school 7 How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）（时间状语）Last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）（原因状语）I shall go th

8、ere if it doesnt rain.（条件状语）（条件状语）Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）（地点状语）She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）（方式状语）She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）（伴随状语）In order to catch up with the others,I must work harder.（目的状语（目的状语 He was so tired that he fell asleep im

9、mediately.（结果状语）（结果状语）She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）（让步状语）I am taller than he is.（比较状语）（比较状语）8宾语补足语：宾语补足语：。需接复合宾语的动词有：需接复合宾语的动词有：tell，let，help，teach，ask，see，have，order，make等。等。“宾补宾补”一般由不定式短语、分词、名词、形容词等充一般由不定式短语、分词、名词、形容词等充当。如：当。如：We elected him monitor（名词）（名词）I found it difficult to le

10、arn English well（形容词）（形容词）The doctor told me to do more exercise（不定式短语）（不定式短语）He is going to have his hair cut（过去分词）（过去分词）They saw a bird flying in the sky（现在分词）（现在分词）9英语八种基本句型列式如下：英语八种基本句型列式如下：1.S十十V主谓结构主谓结构2.S十十P主系表结构主系表结构3.S十十V十十O主谓宾结构主谓宾结构4.S十十V十十IO十十DO主谓主谓+直接宾语直接宾语+间接宾语间接宾语5.S十十V十十O十十C 主谓宾补结构主谓

11、宾补结构6.S 十十V十十O十十A主谓宾状语结构主谓宾状语结构7.S十十V十十A 主谓状语结构主谓状语结构8.There be 101)S+V+A(状语状语)Birds sing beautifully.2)S+Vi+prep Phrase（介词短语）（介词短语）He went on holiday.3)S+Vi+Infinitive(不定式）不定式）We stopped to have a rest.4)S+Vi+Participle(分词）分词）Ill go swimming.112.S(主）主）+Vt（及物动词）（谓）（及物动词）（谓）+O（宾）（宾）We like English.I

12、want to help him.(不定式）不定式）I dont know what to do.I enjoy living here.I dont think(that)he is right.主谓宾主谓宾+状语状语 (S 十十V十十O十十A)I had my first maths class at senior high school.12 1)S+Lv+N/Pron(名词名词/代词）代词）He is a boy.This is mine.2)S+Lv+Adj（形容词）（形容词）She is beautiful.3)S+Lv+Adv(副词）副词）Class is over.136.S(

13、主）主）+VT（谓）（谓）+ID（间宾）（间宾）+DO（直宾）（直宾）I give you help.1)S+Vt+N/Pron+N I sent him a book.I bought May a book.上述句型可以变为：上述句型可以变为：S+Vt+N/Pron+To/for-phrase He sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.14 2)S+Vt+N/Pron+That-clause He told me that the film was great.3)S+Vt+N/Pron+Wh-Clause He asked me what h

14、e should do.15S(主）主）+Vt（谓）（谓）+O（宾）（宾）+C（宾补）（宾补）I make you clear.We named our baby Tom.He painted the wall white.She always keeps everything in good order.I wish you to stay.I made him work I heard my name called.I feel something moving.16Theres a lot to explore at senior school.Theres always somethi

15、ng exciting to do.171.The100-yearoldschoolliesinthecentreofthecity.2.Wemustact.3.Themathshomeworklookseasy.4.Theteacherfoundtheclassroomempty.5.Mymumboughtmeanewdictionary.6.Tomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent7.ThereisanEnglishCorneratourschool.8.Wehadchemistryinthenewlybuiltlab.18Howw

16、ouldyouliketogotoschoolandtraveltheworldatthesametime?ForTim,thatdreamhascometrue!Thisterm,Timandhisclassmatesarelivingonaship!Theytakethesamesubjectsasyoudo,likemathsandEnglish.Theyalsolearnaboutshipsandthesea.Timwriteshisparentsanemaileveryweekandtellsthemwhathappenedontheship.Timloveslivingonthes

17、hip.Theresalwayssomethingexcitingtodo.And,afteralongdayofstudy.Helikestowatchthesungodownandwaitforthestarstocomeout.Studyinganddoinghomeworkseemmuchmorefunwhenyouareatsea!1920句子的扩展1.Hes swimming.2.Hes swimming in the river.3.Hes swimming in the river with Tim.4.Hes swimming in the river with Tim at

18、 the moment.21Eg.1.He sells eggs.2.He sells hens eggs.3.He sells the best hens eggs.4.He sells the best hens eggs every Wednesday in the market.22我们发现礼堂坐满了。我们发现礼堂坐满了。We found the hall full.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。We found the great hall full of students and teachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报We found the great hall full of students and teacher,listening to an important report.句子的扩展2324