初中英语中考代词总结(共46张)课件.ppt

1、2 0 2 0代 词12022-11-722022-11-7代代 词词关系代词关系代词疑问代词疑问代词不定代词不定代词相互代词相互代词人称代词人称代词物主代词物主代词反身代词反身代词指示代词指示代词32022-11-71 1：定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称（第一：定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称（第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中人称、第二人称、及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。42022-11-7 人称分类 第一人称第二人称

2、第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数复数 主 格 Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾 格用法口诀：用法口诀：人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；主格主格定把定把主语主语作，作，宾格宾格作作宾宾不会错。不会错。52022-11-7人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。_ _ 我是一名学生。我是一名学生。_ _ 他是一名学生。他是一名学生。_ _ 我们是学生。我们是学生。人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作的对象。人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作的对象。_ _ 我的爸妈非常喜欢我。我的爸妈非常喜欢我。_ _ 他给我

3、一本书。他给我一本书。62022-11-7单数人称单数人称 2 2，3,1 3,1 复数人称复数人称 1 1，2 2，3 3 表示犯错表示犯错 1 1 在在前前_,_ and _ are good friends._,_ and _ are good friends._,_,and _should return on time._,_,and _should return on time._and _made her angry._and _made her angry.72022-11-7 it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义。-Whats the we

4、ather like today?(今天天气怎样？)-Its fine.(天气晴好)-Whats the time?(几点啦？)-Its 12：00.(12点)Its a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路)It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间)It is very easy to learn English.We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的)82022-11-7A）用下列词的适当形式

5、填空。1._ is my aunt.We often visit _.(she)2.China is a developing country._is in the east of Asia.(it)3.These new houses are so nice._ are very expensive.(them)4.Ling Ling is a girl._ studies in a primary school.5.Mike is my classmate._ is good at English.(he)6.Kate wants a glass of milk.Will you pass

6、 it to _?(she)7.Whats the weather like today?_ is cloudy.(it)92022-11-71.1.定义：物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。定义：物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。人称分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数复数形容词性 myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性 用法口诀：用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作形容词性作定语定语，后面定把名词用后面定把名词用。名词性、名词性、独

7、立独立用，用，主宾表语主宾表语它都充。它都充。102022-11-7（1）形容词性物主代词只可做定语。形容词性物主代词起形容词性的作用，在句中只能做定语。（即：形容词性物主代词后一定要跟上一个名词）_我喜欢她的电脑。_我不喜欢他的那本书。（2）名词性物主代词可作主语。_我们的手机在这儿，他们的在那儿。_我的钢笔和她的一点都不一样。（3）名词性物主代词可作表语。_那个房子是你的吗？_是的，它是我的。（4）名词性物主代词可作宾语。_请先打扫他们的房间，再打扫我们的。112022-11-7 一、用括号中的适当形式填空 （1）Are these _（you）pencils?Yes,they are _

8、（our）.（2）Whose is this pencil?Its _（I）.（3）I love _（they）very much.（4）She is_（I）classmate.（5）Miss Li often looks after_（she）brother.（6）Are these _（they）bags？No,they arent _（their）.They are _（we）.122022-11-7二、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1.Mary works in a book store._ likes _work very much.2.John and I are in

9、the same school._ go to school together.3.Her sister makes all _ own dresses.4.I have many friends.Some of_are good at English.5.May I use _ bike?_is broken.132022-11-7 人称分类第一人称第二人称 第三人称单数 复数 反身代词：表示我自己，你自己反身代词：表示我自己，你自己.等的词。等的词。142022-11-7作宾语，表示句子的主语和宾语为同一个人或物：作宾语，表示句子的主语和宾语为同一个人或物：He hurt himself

10、yesterday.He hurt himself yesterday.作同位语：一般有两个位置：放在所涉及的名词、代词之后或者放在句末：作同位语：一般有两个位置：放在所涉及的名词、代词之后或者放在句末：Tom himself did not know anything about it.Tom himself did not know anything about it.Tom did not know anything about it himself.Tom did not know anything about it himself.注意：英语的反身代词不能单独充当句子的主语：注意：英

11、语的反身代词不能单独充当句子的主语：（误）（误）He asked people to do what himself did not want to do.He asked people to do what himself did not want to do.（正）（正）He asked people to do what he himself did not want to do.He asked people to do what he himself did not want to do.152022-11-7help oneself(to)help oneself(to)随便吃随便

12、吃/喝喝enjoy oneself enjoy oneself 玩得愉快玩得愉快dress oneself dress oneself 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服hurt oneself hurt oneself 伤害自己伤害自己teach oneself teach oneself 自学自学lose oneself lose oneself 沉迷于沉迷于by oneself by oneself 单独地，独自单独地，独自地地look after oneself look after oneself 照顾自己照顾自己162022-11-71.Those girls enjoyed _ in the

13、party last night.A.them B.they C.themselves D.herself 2.Help _ to some fish,children.A.yourself B.your C.yours D.Yourselves3.The film _ is very fun.A.its B.itself C.it D.its 4.Who teaches _ math?I teach _.A.your,myself B.you,myself C.you,me D.you,herself 5.The father will make _ a bike _.A.her,himse

14、lf B.she,himself C.her,herself D.she,herself 172022-11-76.The scarf is _,she made it_.6.The scarf is _,she made it_.A.herself,her B.herself,hers C.hers,herself D.her,A.herself,her B.herself,hers C.hers,herself D.her,herself herself 7.Liu Hulans death was great.She thought more of others than 7.Liu H

15、ulans death was great.She thought more of others than _._.A.her B.she C.hers D.herself A.her B.she C.hers D.herself 8.Luckily,he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday.8.Luckily,he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday.A.him B.themselves C.himself D.they A.him B.themselves C.himself D.they 9.I cant mend my shoe

16、_.Can you mend it for _?9.I cant mend my shoe _.Can you mend it for _?A.myself,me B.myself,I C.me,I D.I,me A.myself,me B.myself,I C.me,I D.I,me 182022-11-7是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。近指近指远指远指单数 复数 egeg：1.1._ 2._2._ 3._3._ 4._4._ _ 192022-11-71.This 1.This 指下文要提到的事物指下文要提到的事物Please remember thisPl

17、ease remember this：youre the best student in youre the best student in the eyes of teachers.the eyes of teachers.2.That 2.That 指上文提到过的事物指上文提到过的事物My mom wont give me any money,thats a My mom wont give me any money,thats a big problembig problem202022-11-73.3.电话用语，电话用语，thisthis介绍自己，介绍自己，that that 询问对方

18、询问对方-Hello-Hello，this is Anna.Whos thatthis is Anna.Whos that？-Hi,-Hi,this this is Allen speaking.is Allen speaking.4.4.口语中，口语中，thisthis用语介绍他人用语介绍他人 -This is my English teacher-This is my English teacher，Alex.Alex.-Nice to meet you.-Nice to meet you.212022-11-75.5.当所指代的人物已确定，再次提及时则用相应的当所指代的人物已确定，再次提

19、及时则用相应的人称代词人称代词-Are those your teachers?-Are those your teachers?-Yes,they are./No,they arent.-Yes,they are./No,they arent.-Is this your pen?-Is this your pen?-No,it isnt.-No,it isnt.222022-11-7 one表示泛指，that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。it 做形式宾语 I cant find my hat.I think I must buy one

20、.(不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。I cant find my hat.I don t know where I put it.(同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。232022-11-7 1.1.翻译下列词组翻译下列词组.这个男孩这个男孩_.那位老师那位老师_.这些猫这些猫_.那些狮子那些狮子_.这只山羊这只山羊_ .那支蓝钢笔那支蓝钢笔_.二二.将下列句子译成英语将下列句子译成英语.那些铅笔是李明的那些铅笔是李明的_.这红衣服

21、是你妹妹的吗？这红衣服是你妹妹的吗？_?_?.这是个好老师？这是个好老师？_?_?242022-11-7疑问代词疑问代词词义词义例句例句who“谁”Who wants to go with me?whomwho 的宾格形式，“谁”To whom are you talking?whosewho 的所有格，“谁的”Whose book is this?whatwhat“什么”Whats your father?-He is a worker.whichWhich“哪一个”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物Which one do you like best?252022-11-71.Can you t

22、ell me1.Can you tell me_book it is?book it is?2.2._is your father?is your father?He is a teacher.He is a teacher.3.3._is the man in the car?is the man in the car?Hes my brother.Hes my brother.4.4._do you like better,spring or winter?do you like better,spring or winter?5._ is the population of the wo

23、rld today?5._ is the population of the world today?6._ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?6._ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?7.-_ colour is your mothers dress?7.-_ colour is your mothers dress?-Its black.-Its black.8.-_ is your car?8.-_ is your car?-The red one in front of the tr

24、ee.-The red one in front of the tree.9.-_ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?9.-_ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?-I know,sir.Its instruction.-I know,sir.Its instruction.262022-11-7whowhom whose whichthat272022-11-7没有明确没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词

25、叫不定代词。的词叫不定代词。不定代词分为不定代词分为_和和_._.282022-11-7相同点相同点均可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，表示均可修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，表示“一些一些”不同点不同点some一般用于肯定句中，也可用于疑问句，表示提出建议或邀请，或希望得到肯定回答any一般用于否定句和疑问句，用于肯定句时表示“任何”1.some&any1.some&any292022-11-7In this way they can make the trip with just In this way they can make the trip with just _money.money

26、.There were There were _ eggs in the fridge eggs in the fridge,you should buy,you should buy some.some.Theres _ time left.Hurry up!Theres _ time left.Hurry up!302022-11-7bothboth2都（复数）both.and.(复数)eithereither2之一（单数）either.or.(就近原则)neither2都不（单数）neither.nor.(就近原则)all3都（复数）none3都不（复数）312022-11-7each

27、(each (常与常与ofof连用连用)every(every(不直接与不直接与ofof连用连用)两两者或以上的每一个人或物者或以上的每一个人或物三三者或以上每一个人或物者或以上每一个人或物eacheach和和”every+”every+名词名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式Each boy havs a dictionaryEach boy havs a dictionary.每个孩子都有字典每个孩子都有字典Every boy havs a dictionary Every boy havs a dictionary 所有孩子都有字典所有孩子都有字典 3220

28、22-11-7332022-11-7不定代词不定代词意义意义用法说明用法说明other泛指别的后可+名词，也可不加the other两者中的另一个后可以有名词，常与one连用，构成one.the other.others泛指别的人或物是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），后无名词，可以构成some.others.结构the others特指其余所有的人或物是the other的复数形式，特指其余所有的人或物another任何一个，另一个指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词342022-11-7another特殊用法：特殊用法：another+基数词基数词+可数名词可数

29、名词=基数词基数词+more+可数名词可数名词I need another five apples.=I need five more apples.I need another five apples.=I need five more apples.He has two brothers.One is a doctorHe has two brothers.One is a doctor，_is a teacher,_is a teacher,I dont like this one.Show me _.I dont like this one.Show me _.3.-Which of

30、the two T-shirts would you like to choose?3.-Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose?-Both.Then I can give one to my brother and leave _ to -Both.Then I can give one to my brother and leave _ to myself.myself.A.another B.the other C.other A.another B.the other C.other 352022-11-71.-There

31、isnt _ fish in the fridge，we need to buy _ for supper.-Mom,wait for me.Ill go with you together A.some,some B.some,any C.any,some 2.As we know，Mango TV has made many TV plays by themselves._ of them is popular with youth.A.Each B.Every C.Everyone 3.Although all the girls have tried their best,only _

32、 pass the exam.A.few B.a few C.a little362022-11-74.Dont worry.There is _ time left.A.little B.a little C.few5.You are so great!_ people in the school can do it.A.A little B.Little C.Few7.Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop.A.know B.knows C.finds8.Neither you nor I _ a scientist.A.is B.are

33、 C.am9.Both Tom and Mary _ hard.A.studies B.study C.studying372022-11-710.The students are all from Foshan.They _ like their city.A.both B.all C.either11.Lucy and Lily _ agree with us.A.all B.both C.neither12.How are your parents?They are _ fine.A.both B.all C.no14.Tom and Mary have arrived,but _ in

34、 your class arent here yet.A.the others B.others C.the other 15.One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow,and_ white.A.the other Banother C.others 16.This pair of trousers is too short.Would you please show me _ one.A.other B.others C.another 382022-11-7 body 代人thing 代物one 代人everysomeany

35、no【敲黑板儿】【敲黑板儿】:1.1.复合不定代词做主语的时候，谓语动词用复合不定代词做主语的时候，谓语动词用_._.2.2.当当形容词形容词或或else else 修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或elseelse必须放在复合不定代必须放在复合不定代词之后词之后,也就是也就是_._.3.3.复合不定代词不能和复合不定代词不能和 of of 连用。连用。392022-11-71.everyone=everybody,anyone=anybody,只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one,any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。Is anybody he

36、re?有人吗？You can take any one of these.你可以随便拿一个。2.no one 和 none 的用法 no one 只能指人，none 既可指人，也可指物.There is _ in the room.注意：“none of+复数名词”，在句中作主语时，后面动词用单复数均可。None of us is a student.=None of us are students.402022-11-73.no one no one、nonenone、nothing nothing 的用法的用法 提问用提问用 nonenone回答回答 提问用提问用 nothingnothi

37、ng来回答来回答 提问用提问用 no one/nobodyno one/nobody回答回答 1.-What is in the classroom?1.-What is in the classroom?-_.-_.2.2.-How many fish did you catch?-How many fish did you catch?-_.-_.3.-Who is in the classroom?3.-Who is in the classroom?-_.-_.412022-11-71.Do you have _ to do this evening?1.Do you have _ t

38、o do this evening?A.important something B.anything important C.something A.important something B.anything important C.something important important 2._ is watching TV.Lets turn it off.2._ is watching TV.Lets turn it off.A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody3.Would you like _?I

39、can get it for you.3.Would you like _?I can get it for you.A.something else B.anything else C.everything else A.something else B.anything else C.everything else4.-Never giving up is an attitude to difficulty.4.-Never giving up is an attitude to difficulty.-In our life -In our life，there may be _.Bel

40、ieve in yourself,you will there may be _.Believe in yourself,you will succeed.succeed.A.something difficult B.diffcult something C.anything A.something difficult B.diffcult something C.anything difficultdifficult422022-11-75.-Kid should learn to obey the Kid should learn to obey the traffic rules._

41、is more traffic rules._ is more important than lifeimportant than life A.Nothing B.Something C.A.Nothing B.Something C.Anything Anything 6.Playing tricks on others is_ we should never do.6.Playing tricks on others is_ we should never do.A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothingA.anything B.somet

42、hing C.everything D.nothing7.-Is _ here?-No,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.7.-Is _ here?-No,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobodynobody8.One weeks time has been wasted.I cant believe we did all that 8.One weeks time has been w

43、asted.I cant believe we did all that work for _.work for _.A.something B.nothing C.everything D.anythingA.something B.nothing C.everything D.anything432022-11-7表示相互关系的代词，叫相互代词，例如：each other,one another。它们都有数和格的 变化。其所有格形式为each others,one another。People here,old and young,respect each other.(one anoth

44、er)这里的人不管是老的，少的，都互相尊重。Dont speak to each other in class.(one another)课上不要互相说话。The couple know well each others habit.这对夫妇非常了解彼此的习惯。注意：相互代词的所有格没有复数，不能使用 each others 或one anothers，只能使用 each others 或 one anothers 的形式。They received each others letters every other month.他们每隔一个月收到一次彼此的信件。442022-11-7人称代词人称代词物主代词物主代词反身代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数复数第二人称单数复数第三人称单数单数单数复数类别类别人称人称452022-11-7462022-11-7