初中英语-介词课件.pptx

1、尖兵专训营 核心考点通关专训三介词考题考题追踪追踪年份年份考查题型考查题型核心考点核心考点考查频率考查频率核心素养核心素养2015-20192015-2019单项填空、单项填空、完形填空完形填空介词及介词短语辨析介词及介词短语辨析 语言能力语言能力考势考势分析分析介词是一种虚词介词是一种虚词,在安徽中考中每年均有涉及在安徽中考中每年均有涉及,考查分值为考查分值为1313分分()1.(2019安徽)On sunny days,my grandma often reads a novel the window.A.by B.for C.with D.fromA答案 解析 句意:在晴朗的天气,我奶奶

2、经常在窗户旁边读小说。by“在旁边”;for“为”;with“和一起”;from“从”。根据句意可知选A。解析()2.(2018安徽)Our class are much sure to win the basketball gameClass Three.A.ofB.in C.againstD.fromC答案 解析 句意:我们班一定会战胜三班赢得这次篮球赛。表示“与比赛”用介词against。故选C。解析()3.(2017安徽)To my pleasure,my family is alwaysme whatever I decide to do.A.above B.behind C.fro

3、mD.throughB答案 解析 句意:令我高兴的是,无论我决定做什么,我的家人总是在身后支持我。above“在上面”;behind“在后”;from“从来”;through“通过”。由句意可知,这里说的是“我的家人总是在身后支持我”。故选B。解析()4.(2016安徽)Many wild animals are,and its time for us to do whatever we can to protect them.A.on dutyB.on show C.in orderD.in dangerD答案 解析 句意:许多野生动物正处在危险中,是该我们竭尽所能去保护它们的时候了。on

4、duty“值日,值班”;on show“展览”;in order“按顺序”;in danger“处在危险中”。根据句意可知选D。解析()5.(2015安徽)The Dragon Boat Festival this year will comefour days.A.afterB.for C.duringD.inD答案 解析 句意:再过四天今年的端午节就要到了。“in+一段时间”表示“在之后”,常与一般将来时态连用。故选D。解析 介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,它是一种虚词,不能单独使用,必须和名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词语连用构成介词短语,用来表明与它连用的词和句子中某个词或某些词之间的关

5、系。介词短语分类分类例子例子介词介词+名词名词at homeat home在家里在家里;at school;at school在学校在学校;at noon;at noon在中午在中午;at night;at night在晚上在晚上;at work;at work在在工作工作;at sea;at sea在大海上在大海上;at the same time;at the same time 同时同时;at times;at times有时有时;at breakfast;at breakfast 早餐时早餐时;at midnight;at midnight在午夜在午夜;at the moment;at

6、 the moment在此刻在此刻;after a while;after a while 过了一会过了一会by bus by bus 乘公共汽车乘公共汽车;by the way;by the way 顺便说顺便说;by the time;by the time 到到时候时候;by turns;by turns 轮流轮流;by mistake;by mistake错误地错误地;by the door;by the door在门口在门口in hospitalin hospital住院住院;in the hospital;in the hospital 在医院在医院;in the end;in t

7、he end 最后最后;in order;in order 整整整整齐齐齐齐;in order to;in order to 以便以便;in no time;in no time 很快很快,立即立即;in the daytime;in the daytime在白天在白天;介词短语分类分类例子例子介词介词+名词名词in in turn turn 轮流轮流;in time;in time 及时及时;in front;in front 在前方在前方;in English;in English 用英语用英语;in the;in the futurefuture将来将来;in future;in fut

8、ure今后今后;in fact;in fact 事实上事实上on the way on the way 在路上在路上;on Sunday;on Sunday 在星期天在星期天 ;on show;on show 展出展出;on display;on display 陈陈列列;on fire;on fire 着火着火;on duty;on duty 值日值日;on the other hand;on the other hand 另一方面另一方面;on foot;on foot 步步行行;on business;on business 出差出差;on board;on board 在船在船(飞机飞

9、机)上上;on holiday;on holiday 在休假在休假;on the;on the telephone telephone 在接在接(打打)电话电话;on time;on time 准时准时;on the left/right;on the left/right 在左边在左边/右右边边;on sale;on sale 在出售在出售;on watch;on watch 值班值班;on the earth;on the earth 在地球上在地球上with pleasure with pleasure 很乐意很乐意;with ones help;with ones help 在某人的帮

10、助下在某人的帮助下分类分类例子例子bebe+形容形容词词+介词介词be amazed atbe amazed at对对感到惊讶感到惊讶;be angry with;be angry with 生生(某人的某人的)气气;be afraid of be afraid of 害怕害怕;be busy with;be busy with 忙于做忙于做;be good at be good at 擅长于擅长于;be full of;be full of 充满充满;be excited about be excited about 对对感到兴奋感到兴奋;be kind to;be kind to 对对和善

11、和善;be interested inbe interested in对对感兴趣感兴趣;be be famous forfamous for因因而著名而著名;be late for be late for 迟到迟到;be popular with;be popular with 受受欢迎欢迎;be pleased withbe pleased with对对感到满意感到满意;be proud of;be proud of对对感到骄傲感到骄傲;be ready forbe ready for为为准备好准备好;be satisfied with;be satisfied with 对对满意满意;分类

12、分类例子例子动词动词+介词介词be worried about be worried about 为为担心担心 agree with agree with 同意同意;ask for ask for 要求要求;begin with;begin with 以以开始开始;come from come from 来自来自;call at;call at拜访拜访;die of die of 死于死于;get on/off;get on/off 上车上车/下车下车;fill.with fill.with 用用装装;fall off;fall off从从落下落下;hear from hear from 收到

13、收到(某人某人)的信的信;hear of;hear of 听说听说;look at look at 看看;go to bed;go to bed 去睡觉去睡觉;go go to school to school 去上学去上学;look for;look for 寻找寻找;look after look after 照顾照顾;listen to.;listen to.听听;pay for pay for 付钱付钱;分类分类例子例子动词动词+介词介词point topoint to指向；指向；point atpoint at指着；指着；send forsend for派人去叫派人去叫;run ac

14、ross run across 偶然碰到偶然碰到;talk about talk about 谈论谈论;think about;think about 考虑考虑;wait for wait for 等候等候;write to;write to 写信给写信给;worry worry about about 担心担心;laugh at;laugh at 嘲笑嘲笑;fall behind fall behind 落在落在后面后面;knock at;knock at 敲敲分类分类例子例子介词介词+名词名词+介词介词at the foot of at the foot of 在在脚下脚下;on the

15、top of;on the top of 在在顶端顶端;in the;in the middle of middle of 在在中间中间;in the front of;in the front of 在在前面前面;in the east;in the east of of 在在东部东部;by means of;by means of 借助借助;at the beginning of;at the beginning of 起初起初;by;by the end of the end of 到到为止为止;at the age of;at the age of 在在岁时岁时;at the head

16、;at the head of of 在在前头前头 1.in front of和in the front of只差一个定冠词the,但用法不同:前者意为“在的前面”,前后所指的内容不存在包含关系;而后者意为“在的前面”,前后所指的内容存在包含关系。如:Li Lei sits in front of me,but Wang Fang sits behind me.李雷坐在我前面,而王芳坐在我的后面。The desk is in the front of the classroom.书桌在教室的前面。2.in the tree和on the tree都可以译为“在树上”,但用法不同:前者in th

17、e tree一般指本身不是树上的事物,而后者on the tree一般指树上长的东西。如:I can see some birds in the tree.我能看到树上有一些小鸟。There are some pears on the tree.树上结了一些梨。3.in the wall表示嵌在墙里,而on the wall表示在墙的表面。如:There is a hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。There is a map on the wall.墙上有一幅地图。4.“在太阳下”用in the sun,“在某人的帮助下”用with ones help或with the help

18、 of sb.。如:Dont read in the sun.别在太阳下看书。With the teachers help,I got some progress.在老师的帮助下,我取得了一些进步。词语辨析法 考点1介词辨析在介词的考查中,很多介词词义相近,因此要正确掌握相关介词的基本用法并注意介词之间的词义辨析,这样才能做出正确的选择。(2019安徽中考模拟)The famous TV presenter Li Yong died October 25,2018.Many people in China felt sad a lot.A.inB.on C.atD.during B答案 剖析

19、句意:2018年10月25日,著名的电视主持人李咏逝世,许多中国人都感到非常悲伤。in用于年、月之前,on用于具体的某一天前;at用在具体时刻前;during表示“在期间”。剖析(2019定远实验中学模拟)Hi,guys.Where were we yesterday?We learned the differences fact and opinion.A.betweenB.among C.duringD.beyond A答案 剖析 句意:嘿,各位。我们昨天(学)到哪儿了?我们学了fact和opinion的区别。between“两者之间”;among“在(三者或三者以上事物)之间”;duri

20、ng“在期间”;beyond“超越”。根据句意可知是指fact和opinion两者之间的区别。剖析 固定搭配法 考点1介词辨析中考中常有一些介词与句子中的词语构成短语或者固定搭配。做题时,我们要找出句子的中心词汇,也就是这个词与选项中的介词能够构成一个固定的短语,表达句子的意思。(2019蒙城实验中学模拟)The local community center is open Monday to Saturday.A.in B.from C.for D.on B答案 剖析 句意:当地的社区中心从星期一到星期六开放。介词短语from.to.为固定搭配,意为“从到”。剖析 短语句意辨析法 考点2介词

21、短语辨析明确所给选项中介词短语的含义,然后结合句子的意思,选出正确的答案。这类题目总的来说比单个介词辨析要容易得多,因此,考生只要认真审题,就能很容易选出答案。(2019合肥50中模拟)Have you seen Mr.Gao,Lily?Yes.He has gone to meet Bob.A.in needB.in silence C.in timeD.in person D答案 剖析 莉莉,你看到高老师了吗?是的。他已经亲自去接鲍勃了。in need“处于困难中”;in silence“沉默”;in time“及时”;in person“亲自”。剖析(2019阜阳颖东区模拟)Sally

22、is my best friend.She is always there whenever Im.Yeah.A friend in need is a friend indeed.A.in orderB.in trouble C.in publicD.in time B答案 剖析 句意:Sally是我最好的朋友。每当我身陷困境时,她总是出现。是的。患难见真情。in order“按次序的,井然有序的”;in trouble“处于困难中”;in public“在公共场合”;in time“及时”。根据答语“患难见真情”可知选B,表达每当自己身陷困境时,朋友总是在帮助“我”。剖析()1.(2019

23、河南)Shall I help you go the street,Grandpa?No,thanks.I can manage it myself.A.onB.with C.across D.along C答案()2.(2019青海改编)Excuse me,will the flight arrive soon?Yes.It will be landing right.A.at timesB.in time C.on timeD.for one time C答案()3.(2019咸宁)Thanks to our government,we can have a new library nex

24、t week.Thats great!And we will read books there a month.A.beforeB.in C.byD.until B答案()4.(2019襄阳)How strange!You sit in your room for a long time,Li Ming.I just want to be quiet for a while.Im sorry,Dad.I failed the test again.A.in silence B.in person C.in public D.in fact A答案()5.(2019河北)This story i

25、s simple English.My little sister can read it.A.forB.in C.withD.by B答案()6.(2019广东)I think tea will taste better some milk in it.A.forB.with C.FromD.at B答案()7.(2019淮安)the help of modern technology,scientists got a photo of a black hole.A.AtB.In C.OnD.With D答案()8.(2019武汉)He wrote his phone number a pi

26、ece of paper.A.onB.for C.inD.from A答案()9.(2019呼和浩特)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows.A.againstB.across C.above D.below A答案()10.(2019福建改编)Is that your headmaster?You mean the man blue?A.on B.with C.in D.at C答案()11.(2019内江)When did Neil Armstrong walk on the mo

27、on?July 20th,1969.A.In B.At C.For D.On D答案()12.(2019无锡)Lets take a walk the river after dinner,shall we?A.along B.through C.uponD.over A答案()13.(2019长沙改编)Yesterday our headmaster made a speech environmental protection,and we learned something about recycling of waste.A.onB.at C.to D.for A答案()14.(2019

28、滁州实验中学模拟)How soon will we get the offers from a new high school?about two months.A.In B.For C.Among D.During A答案()15.(2019天水)Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races 9:00 a.m.the morning of Jane 7.A.at;in B.on;on C.on;in D.at;on D答案()16.(2019青岛)The high-speed train Qingdao and Beijin

29、g travels faster now.The train ride takes only about three hours.A.from B.among C.inD.between D答案()17.(2019凉山)Look,there is a cute bird,Mom.It flew into our kitchen the window just now,Alex.A.acrossB.through C.above D.under B答案()18.(2019滨州)I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.You

30、shouldnt watch TV too much.Its bad your eyes.A.onB.in C.forD.with C答案()19.(2019合肥37中模拟)Our headteacher asks the cooks in our school to prepare healthy meals junk food for us.A.withB.of C.without D.for C答案()20.(2019合肥高新区共同体模拟)How do you usually take photos when you travel alone?using a selfie stick(自

31、拍杆).A.ForB.About C.ByD.With C答案()21.(2019太和三中模拟)Im going to the supermarket.Can I get you anything?Well,I need a knife cutting bread.A.in B.with C.forD.without C答案()22.(2019亳州一模)An American boy made a wheelchair for his wounded dog.Well done!Animals deserve(应得)love and good life humans.A.with B.for

32、C.againstD.as D答案()23.(2019淮北五中模拟)What do you like to do in your spare time?I like collecting train tickets,and I have a collection of 100 now.A.in commonB.in total C.in danger D.in silence B答案()24.(2019全椒三中模拟)Its said that the best way to relax is exercise.I see.But you should keep away dangerous sports.A.with;from B.for;off C.through;from D.through;by C答案E ENDND感谢观看 下节课再会