中考英语完形填空之词语搭配课件.pptx

1、完形填空之词语搭配完形填空之词语搭配 Can you guess the meaning of the sentences?1.I need to go somewhere.Can you guess the meaning of the sentences?1.I need to go somewhere.听到这句话可千万别回答成：You can go anywhere you like.那可是要闹大笑话了。I need to go somewhere.的意思就是“我要上厕所”。当有老外这么说的时候，指给他卫生间在哪就行了。2.Translation 黄头发 2.Translation 黄头

2、发 blond hair/sandy hair()yellow hair()2.Translation 黄头发 blond hair/sandy hair()yellow hair()黄头发，千万不要说成“yellow hair”!这种颜色在英语文化中是比较敏感的。比如你看到一个黄种人，直接叫他/她 yellow，这里就有种族歧视的意思。所以不要用yellow hair来表达黄头发，而是用blond hair 或者 sandy hair。如：The actress wore a black wig over her blond hair.女演员的金发上戴着黑色的假发。喝汤喝汤 喝汤喝汤 eat

3、 soup()drink soup()喝汤喝汤 eat soup()drink soup()喝汤是中国人的饮食习惯。那么，喝汤在英文中是drink soup吗?当然不是!因为西餐里汤一般很稠，汤里有奶油、肉、蔬菜等很多种东西，没法喝，必须送到嘴里咀 嚼。所以，喝汤在英语中是 eat soup。请问你还在挑灯夜战完形填空吗？请问你还在挑灯夜战完形填空吗？今天给你介绍一本完形填空今天给你介绍一本完形填空 独家独家“秘籍秘籍”介绍之前先回答一个问题。介绍之前先回答一个问题。完完形形填空有什么填空有什么特点特点？Do you have lots of friends?What do you（1）fri

4、ends and friendship?Are they very important for you?Some of your friends may have different views and interests,and some like doing the same（2）as you.Do you like friends different from（3）the same as you?You may like the friends who（4）the same interests as you.But I dont really care.I have two good f

5、riends,Peter and James.Peter is（5）me.I am a quiet boy,and Peter is also quiet.We（6）enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet.On weekends,we often go to the library or（7）on the computer together.But James is very different from us.He likes playing ball games,and he is more athletic than us.He is（8

6、）more outgoing.He likes talking and often makes（9）laugh.You see,friends are not（10）to be the same.Do you agree with me?观察观察 完形完形填空的特点：填空的特点：词汇和语法词汇和语法综合运用综合运用易易程度与程度与初中教材初中教材相当相当词数在词数在220-280左右左右平均每隔平均每隔16-20个词个词左右设空左右设空选材多为选材多为记叙文记叙文推理判断，推理判断，联系上下文联系上下文【备注页备注页】一一、完形填空的特点是什么？、完形填空的特点是什么？1.完形填空是一种旨在考

7、查学生语法和完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题。词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题。2.难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在220-280左右。左右。3.文中平均每隔文中平均每隔16-20个词左右设空。个词左右设空。4.通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。、结构完整合理。5.选材选材多为记叙文。多为记叙文。了解近几年完形填空的变化了解近几年完形填空的变化情境能力型情境能力型语法知识型语法知识型转变转变上下文联系上下文联系语篇、语境语篇、语境

8、【备注页备注页】了解了解近几年完形填空的变化近几年完形填空的变化 现在完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？Do you have lots of friends?What do you（1）friends and friendship?Are they very important for you?Some of your friends may have diffe

9、rent views and interests,and some like doing the same（2）as you.Do you like friends different from（3）the same as you?You may like the friends who（4）the same interests as you.But I dont really care.你要仔细观察有你要仔细观察有啥规律，俺不懂！啥规律，俺不懂！（一）从文章结构看（一）从文章结构看 首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。That da

10、y，seeing Einstein come back from Sophie（21），the assistant asked him why he was happyEinstein told him，Today，Sophies teacher thought highly of her（22），saying that she had an excellent teacher（二）从语言层次看（二）从语言层次看 考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次。次、句群层次和语篇层次

11、。1.句子层次的设空句子层次的设空 指指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。答案的题目。例：例：I _ you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A.remember B.explain C.hope D.expect （二）从语言层次看（二）从语言层次看 考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇

12、层次。次、句群层次和语篇层次。1.句子层次的设空句子层次的设空 指指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。答案的题目。例：例：I _ you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A.remember B.explain C.hope D.expect 记得 解释 希望 期待A 2.句群层次的设空句群层次的设空 指指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目可以得到答案的题目 前

13、制性设空即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。例：例：It was an English speech contest.My mother asked me to take part in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A.write B.speak C.sing D.dance 2.句群层次的设空句群层次的设空 指指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目可以得到答案的题目 前制性设空即根

14、据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。例：例：It was an English speech contest.My mother asked me to take part in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A.write B.speak C.sing D.dance 2.句群层次的设空句群层次的设空 指指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目可以得到答案的题目 前制性设空即根据上文有关内

15、容即可确定答案的题目。例：例：It was an English speech contest.My mother asked me to take part in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!A.write B.speak C.sing D.danceB 后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。例：1)Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to

16、 them,“I know you dont like me”A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew 2)Country music comes from _ kinds of music.One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States.The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A.many B.all C.two D.three 后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正

17、确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。例：1)Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me”A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew 2)Country music comes from _ kinds of music.One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States.The other is traditional cowboy music from t

18、he American West.A.many B.all C.two D.three 后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。例：1)Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me”A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew 2)Country music comes from _ kinds of music.One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the e

19、astern United States.The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.A.many B.all C.two D.threeBC 3.语篇性设空语篇性设空 指那些需要联系指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容全文的情境、内容才才能确定正确答案的设空。能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti.Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week,hop

20、ing to him achieved all Id expected.Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educate 3.语篇性设空语篇性设空 指那些需要联系指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容全文的情境、内容才才能确定正确答案的设空。能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti.Recently I took my son Barret

21、t there for a week,hoping to him achieved all Id expected.Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educate 安慰 使高兴 吸引 教育 3.语篇性设空语篇性设空 指那些需要联系指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容全文的情境、内容才才能确定正确答案的设空。能确定正确答案的设空。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in

22、Haiti.Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week,hoping to him achieved all Id expected.Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educate 安慰 使高兴 吸引 教育D【练习练习】On the train,Tom was looking1._for his ticket because the conductor was coming 2._to his ti

23、cket.1.A.out B.forward C.anywhere D.everywhere2.A.down B.up C.in D.on 【练习练习】On the train,Tom was looking1._for his ticket because the conductor was coming 2._to his ticket.1.A.out B.forward C.anywhere D.everywhere2.A.down B.up C.in D.on（句子成分设空）（句子成分设空）【解析解析】第一空格指Tom在火车上到处找车票，因此选D。everywhere为最佳答案，any

24、where常用于否定句和疑问句中。第二空格意为列车员上前查票，走到某人面前come up to sb.为固定词语搭配，因此选B。DB 三三.完形填空解题技巧完形填空解题技巧 词语搭配词语搭配 1.因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film看看电影电影 have a try 尝试尝试,努力努力 take ones temperature 量量体温体温 give/take sb.a message 给给某某人捎口信人捎口信 make friends(with)和和.交交朋友朋友 go straight along 沿着沿着一直往前走一直往前走 on eit

25、her side of the street 街道街道任何一边任何一边 on both sides of the street 街道街道两边两边 make a telephone call to sb给给某某人打电话人打电话 be proud of 为为而感而感到骄傲到骄傲【练习练习】She helped others in need,As her son,I was so（14）of my mum A.surprisedB.tiredC.afraidD.proud 【练习练习】She helped others in need,As her son,I was so（14）of my mum

26、 A.surprisedB.tiredC.afraidD.proud 【解析解析】A.surprised惊讶的；B.tired 疲倦的；C.afraid害怕的；D.proud 自豪的，根据She helped others in need.As her son 可知她帮助别人，所谓他的儿子，我为她感到自豪，be proud of为感到自豪，故选D。D 2.词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。短语。如：1）动词）动词+away构成的短语：构成的短语：throw away扔掉扔掉 put away把把收好收好 give away捐赠捐赠，分发，分发 carry a

27、way运运走走 run away潜逃潜逃，跑开，跑开 go away走开走开【练习练习】A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little house with a pear tree at her door.She spent all her time taking care of the tree.But the children nearby drove her crazy by making fun of her.They would climb her tree and then（22）with pears，shouting“Aunty

28、Misery”at her.22.A.throw away B.run awayC.take awayD.put away 【练习练习】A woman in her sixties lived alone in her little house with a pear tree at her door.She spent all her time taking care of the tree.But the children nearby drove her crazy by making fun of her.They would climb her tree and then（22）wi

29、th pears，shouting“Aunty Misery”at her.22.A.throw away B.run awayC.take awayD.put away【解答】【解答】B 考查短语，A.throw away扔掉 B.run away逃跑 C.take away带走 D.put away 放好，根据They would climb her tree and then with pears，可知他们爬上树摘了梨子逃跑了，故选B。B 2）动词）动词+for构成的短语：构成的短语：call for提倡，要求提倡，要求 plan for打算，为打算，为计划计划 hope for希望，期

30、待希望，期待 ask for请求，寻找，需要请求，寻找，需要 send for派人去请派人去请 go for努力获取努力获取 pay for偿还，赔偿偿还，赔偿 wait for等待等待 look for寻找寻找【练习练习】Oh,dear!his wife cried out,My head hurts!（17）a doctor.Hurry up!Their two children were both out at that moment and something was wrong with the telephone.17.A.Look forB.Wait forC.Send forD

31、.Ask for 【练习练习】Oh,dear!his wife cried out,My head hurts!（17）a doctor.Hurry up!Their two children were both out at that moment and something was wrong with the telephone.17.A.Look forB.Wait forC.Send forD.Ask for【解答解答】C.考查动词短语用法，A.look for 寻找；B.wait for等待；C.send for 派人去请；D.ask for 请求，寻找。根据前句My head h

32、urts可知头受伤了，结合后面的a doctor可知此处应用固定短语send for a doctor，表示请医生，符合句意，故选：C。C 3）动词）动词+on构成的短语：构成的短语：try on试穿，试验试穿，试验 put on穿上，上演穿上，上演 have on穿着，戴着穿着，戴着 hold on别挂断；坚持住别挂断；坚持住 carry on继续开展，继续开展，keep on继续继续 go on继续继续 get on上（车、船）上（车、船）come on赶快赶快【练习练习】It is a really sunny day today and dad thinks it would be a

33、 fun day to（37）a boat trip.I pack a bag and wait my dad by the front door.37.A.put onB.get onC.go onD.walk on 【练习练习】It is a really sunny day today and dad thinks it would be a fun day to（37）a boat trip.I pack a bag and wait my dad by the front door.37.A.put onB.get onC.go onD.walk on【解析解析】C.考查搭配。put

34、 on“穿上，上演”，get on“上车”，go on“进行”，walk on“继续向前走”；句意“爸爸认为这是_乘船旅行的愉快的一天。”，可知，应该是“进行”，选C。C 4）动词）动词+up构成的短语：构成的短语：bring up抚育，培养抚育，培养call up 召唤，打电话给召唤，打电话给 come up走进，上来走进，上来cut up切碎切碎 fix up修理修理give up放弃放弃 go up上升，增长上升，增长grow up长大长大 look up尊敬，向上看，查寻尊敬，向上看，查寻make up虚构，弥补，组成虚构，弥补，组成 put up举起，搭建举起，搭建;张贴张贴pick

35、 up捡起捡起,接某人，偶然得到接某人，偶然得到 set up建立，创纪录建立，创纪录send up 发射发射 show up揭露，露面，炫耀揭露，露面，炫耀turn up 出现，把出现，把调高一点调高一点 take up占据占据;开始从事开始从事【练习练习】If you manage to survive the crisis(度过危机)，think about how it will help you _new challenges（挑战）.A.give upB.take up C.come upD.bring up 【练习练习】If you manage to survive the c

36、risis(度过危机)，think about how it will help you _new challenges（挑战）.A.give upB.take up C.come upD.bring up 【解析解析】B.句意：“如果你能度过危机，想想它将如何帮助你迎接新的挑战”。本题考查动词短语，A.放弃；B.占据(时间、空间)，接受(挑战)C.提出；D.抚养；养育。根据句意和搭配判断答案为B。B 5）动词）动词+out构成的短语：构成的短语：work out算出算出look out当心，小心当心，小心 turn out结果证明是结果证明是put out扑灭，熄灭，伸出扑灭，熄灭，伸出 c

37、ome out出来，开花，出版出来，开花，出版break out战争、火灾、洪水爆战争、火灾、洪水爆发发 set out着手，出发，起程着手，出发，起程keep out把把-挡在外面挡在外面 go out出去，熄灭出去，熄灭run out用完用完 give out放出、发出（光、热等）放出、发出（光、热等）；耗尽、用完；筋疲力尽；耗尽、用完；筋疲力尽【练习练习】All the Chinese people hope that no war will _ in the world A.come out B.put out C.work outD.break out 【练习练习】All the C

38、hinese people hope that no war will _ in the world A.come out B.put out C.work outD.break out【解答解答】D.分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是所有的中国人都希望世界上不会爆发战争故选D.爆发。A出来，出版，B扑灭，C解决。D 6）look+介词介词/副词的短语：副词的短语：look after照顾，照料照顾，照料look up查阅查阅 look around环顾环顾look at 看看 look down 朝下看朝下看look for寻找寻找 look into调查调查look out当心当心 look

39、through浏览，检查浏览，检查【练习练习】The teacher asked me to（37）_Nancy,a ten-year-old girl.One of her hands could not move.At her school,the teachers would think it was an achievement（38）_she could put on her own coat 37.A.look afterB.look forC.look atD.look over 【练习练习】The teacher asked me to（37）_Nancy,a ten-year

40、-old girl.One of her hands could not move.At her school,the teachers would think it was an achievement（38）_she could put on her own coat 37.A.look afterB.look forC.look atD.look over【解答解答】A动词短语及语境的理解。句意：老师让我去照顾Nancy，一个十岁的女孩。look after 照顾；look for 寻找；look at 看；look over 复习。根据I was chosen to work in a

41、 school with disabled children可知，我工作的地点是一所残疾儿童学校，可以推测这里老师让我去照顾Nancy这个残疾女孩。故选A。A 7）turn+介词介词/副词的短语：副词的短语：turn about/round(使使)向后转，转身向后转，转身turn against(使使)反对反对(某人某人)turn away 转过脸去，拒绝转过脸去，拒绝turn back往回走往回走 turn up 调高，出现调高，出现turn down调低，拒绝调低，拒绝 turn in 上缴，上交上缴，上交turn into(使使)变成变成 turn off 关掉关掉turn on 打开打

42、开 turn out 生产，结果是生产，结果是turn to求助于，转向求助于，转向【练习练习】Watch TV for one or two hours a day at most or try to（15）_your TV for a week.There are lots of other fun things to do （15）A.turn onB.turn outC.turn offD.turn up 【练习练习】Watch TV for one or two hours a day at most or try to（15）_your TV for a week.There ar

43、e lots of other fun things to do （15）A.turn onB.turn outC.turn offD.turn up 【解答解答】C 考查短语。A打开；B取出，除去；C关掉；D占用，开始从事；根据Watch TV for one or two hours a day at most or try to（15）your TV for a week每天最多看一到两个小时的电视，或者试着，应该是关一个星期的电视，故答案是C。C 8）put+介词介词/副词的短语：副词的短语：put aside把把放放在一边，积在一边，积蓄蓄 put back把把放回放回原处原处 pu

44、t down放下，镇压放下，镇压 put forward提出，建议提出，建议 put in放进放进 put off推迟，拖延推迟，拖延 put on穿上，戴上，增加，穿上，戴上，增加，上演上演 put out扑灭；熄灭扑灭；熄灭 put up举起，张贴举起，张贴【练习练习】“Did you put the change back in my wallet？”“Yes,Grandma.I replied,hurrying out to the yard.I hadnt really lied to Grandma,I argued with myself.I did（9）_all the cha

45、nge I had.（9）A.put backB.put inC.put out D.put up 【练习练习】“Did you put the change back in my wallet？”“Yes,Grandma.I replied,hurrying out to the yard.I hadnt really lied to Grandma,I argued with myself.I did（9）_all the change I had.（9）A.put backB.put inC.put out D.put up 【解答解答】A.考查动词短语。句意：我确实把我的全部零钱都放回

46、去了。put back放回；put in提交；put out扑灭；put up张贴。根据上文“Did you put the change back in my wallet”可知，奶奶询问作者是否把零钱放回钱包了，故知此处是“放回”之意，故选A。A【小试牛刀小试牛刀】I spent over two hours(in)finishing my homework.He spent 1,000 on the TV set.He paid ten yuan for the book.Itll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus.The dic

47、tionary cost me 20 yuan.take,cost,pay,spend【小试牛刀小试牛刀】I spent over two hours(in)finishing my homework.He spent 1,000 on the TV set.He paid ten yuan for the book.Itll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus.The dictionary cost me 20 yuan.take,cost,pay,spend 3.因词组而构成的常见的句式：因词组而构成的常见的句式：1）花费）花费 sb

48、.+spend+time/money+(in)doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb.+spend+time/money+on+sth.某人在某事物上花费时间/金钱 sb.+pay+money+for+sth.花钱买.It+takes(will take,/took)+some time+to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 sth+cost+(sb.)+money 某物花费（某人）多少钱【练习练习】She would also（7）a lot of time talking and playing with them A.take B.payC.cost D.spend 【

49、练习练习】She would also（7）a lot of time talking and playing with them A.take B.payC.cost D.spend 【解析解析】D 考查动词，A.take带走；B.pay支付；C.cost花费；D.spend花费，根据 a lot of time talking and playing with them，可知考查句型spenddoing sth花费做某事，故选D。D【观察观察】以下以下句式有什么特点？句式有什么特点？The place is so cold that nothing can grow in winter.H

50、e has so many books that I dont know which one to borrow.She has so little money that she cant buy anything.This is so good a book that all of us like reading it.This is such an interesting story that all of us like it.It is such fine weather today that many children are playing outside.2）如此）如此.的的.以