高中英语Unit1FestivalsaroundtheworldGrammar课件.ppt--（课件中不含音视频）

1、Modal verbs such as may,might,will,would,can,could,shall,should,and must are used for many purposes.Find the sentences in the reading passage that use modal verbs.1 Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,2 Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals.

2、3 At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find 4 or to satisfy the ancestor,who might return either to help or to do harm.5 For the Japanese festival Obon,people should go to clean graves6 this will lead the ancestor back to earth.7 It is now a childrens festival,when they can dres

3、s up and go8 the children might play a trick on them.9 Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.10 Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.11 In European countries,people will usually decorate and will get together12 Some people might win awards for their13 At the Sprin

4、g Festival in China,people may give children lucky money in red paper.14 These carnivals might include parades,dancing in the streetsRead the sentences below and discuss with a partner how each of these modal verbs is being used in the situations.Use the suggestions in the box to help you.Some may h

5、ave more than one answer.ability,advice,agreement,guessing,past habit,necessity,permission,possibility,prediction,promise,request1.can and could Jim isnt very good at maths or science,but he can speak English very well.Our history test was so long last week that no one could finish it.It was the las

6、t day of school,but the teacher said that we could not leave early.abilityabilitypermissionThe hunters have been lost for days.They could starve.Could you please show me the way to Beihai Park?possibilityrequest2.may and might What award did you get for the sports competition?May I have a look?Our f

7、ootball team didnt play very well today,but we might do better tomorrow.possibilitypermission/request3.will and would During the Spring Festival time the whole family will come for dinner.My uncle was poor but liked fashion,so he would often dress up as a rich man.Are you free this Saturday?Would yo

8、u like to join my family for dinner?promise/predictionpast habitrequest4.shall and should The harvest festival begins on Saturday.We shall be there with our friends.When going by plane,you should arrive at the airport at least one hour early.Its nearly time for class to start.The teacher should be h

9、ere soon.promiseadviceprediction5.must and cant When you eat fish you must be careful with the bones.Wang Feng has won the English competition three times.He must be very smart.A man landed on Mars?You must be joking.That cant be true.advice/necessityguessingguessing情态动词的特点情态动词的特点1)情态动词不能单独做谓语情态动词不能

10、单独做谓语,除除ought和和have外外,后面只能接不带后面只能接不带to的不定式。的不定式。2)情态动词无人称数的变化情态动词无人称数的变化,但有些情态动词但有些情态动词 如如can,will也有一般式和过去式的变化。也有一般式和过去式的变化。3)情态动词的情态动词的“时态时态”形式并不是时间区别形式并不是时间区别的的主要标志主要标志,不少情况下不少情况下,情态动词的现在式情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。间、过去时间和将来时间。只作情态动词只作情态动词 can/could,may/might,ought to,mu

11、st可情态可实义可情态可实义 need,dare 可情态可助动词可情态可助动词 shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词相当于情态动词 have to,used to1)can的主要用法是：的主要用法是：A.表示体力或脑力的能力：表示体力或脑力的能力：e.g.The girl can dance very well.B.表示说话的推测、事物的可能性等表示说话的推测、事物的可能性等:e.g.Can the news be true?C.在口语中在口语中,can可以表示请求或允许可以表示请求或允许:e.g.Can I sit here?can和和couldcan表示表示“能够能

12、够”时与短语时与短语be able to同义同义，但但can只用于一般现在时或过去时只用于一般现在时或过去时，而，而后后者可用于各种时态者可用于各种时态。另外，。另外，can表示个人表示个人有某种能力，而有某种能力，而be able to表示某人通过表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeed in doing sth.；叙述过去事实时，；叙述过去事实时，最好用最好用was/were able to，因为，因为could只表只表示过去具有某种能力。示过去具有某种能力。如：如：Can you understand the different kinds

13、of English these people are using?Two years later,he was able to speak Chinese very well.2)could的主要用法是：的主要用法是：A.could是是can的过去式的过去式,表示与过去有表示与过去有 关的能力和推测关的能力和推测:e.g.We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor.B.could可以代替可以代替can表示请求表示请求,但语气但语气 较较can客气、委婉客气、委婉:e.g.Could you lend me your dictionar

14、y?Could I use your bike?3)can和和could接动词的完成形式，表示可接动词的完成形式，表示可 能已经做某事。能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句用在否定和疑问句 中中,表示不相信、怀疑等态度。表示不相信、怀疑等态度。e.g.They cant have gone out because the light is still on.以以could或或would提问时，不能再以提问时，不能再以could或或would作答，而应该用作答，而应该用can或或will。如：。如：Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes,of course you

15、can.may和和mightmay常用来表示：常用来表示：A.表示请求、允许表示请求、允许;比比can较为正式较为正式:e.g.May I come in?You may go now.B.表示说话人的猜测表示说话人的猜测:“也许也许”、“可可能能”:通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。e.g.-I believe the man is from England.-But I may be wrong.The guest may arrive this afternoon.在肯定句中，在肯定句中，may的可能性比的可能性比can 高，高，may表示现实的可能性，表示现实的可

16、能性，can表示理表示理论上的可能性。如：论上的可能性。如：The road may be blocked.这条路可能不通了。这条路可能不通了。The road can be blocked.这条路可能会是不通的。这条路可能会是不通的。在疑问句中，表示可能性用在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。如：如：Where can he be?他会在哪呢？他会在哪呢？C.表示祝愿表示祝愿;但语气较正式但语气较正式:e.g.May you succeed!May you have a good journey!might的用法有的用法有:多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。

17、e.g.She said that he might take her bike.她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。除了在间接引语中以外，除了在间接引语中以外，might一般一般不表示过去的可能或者许可。如要表示过不表示过去的可能或者许可。如要表示过去的可能可以用去的可能可以用could,表示过去的许可可表示过去的许可可以用以用was(were)allowed to或者或者had permission to。表示现在的可能，其可能性要比表示现在的可能，其可能性要比may小。小。e.g.She might go home tomorrow.说不定他明天会回家。说不定他明天会

18、回家。表示现在的许可表示现在的许可,语气比语气比may较委婉较委婉,一般用于疑问句一般用于疑问句(包括间接疑问句包括间接疑问句),不可不可用于肯定句或者否定句。用于肯定句或者否定句。e.g.Might I have a word with you?我可以和你说句话吗？我可以和你说句话吗？will 和和 would 1.will是助动词或是情态动词？是助动词或是情态动词？will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表示表示“意志意志”“”“决心决心”“”“请求请求”是情态是情态动词。动词。would亦同理。亦同理。e.g.I will tell you something i

19、mportant.我要告诉你一些重要的事。我要告诉你一些重要的事。（助动词）（助动词）Will you tell her that Im here?请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？（情态动词）（情态动词）2.在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求 或询问。或询问。e.g.If you want help-let me know,will you?如果你需要帮助如果你需要帮助,让我知道让我知道,好吗好吗?Will you type this,please?请打印这个请打印这个,好吗？好吗？Wont you sit down?请坐下请坐下,好吗？好

20、吗？3.would比比will客气委婉。客气委婉。e.g.Would you help us,please?请您帮助我们，好吗？请您帮助我们，好吗？（表请求）（表请求）Id go there with you.我要和你一块到那儿去。我要和你一块到那儿去。Teacher wouldnt allow it.老师不会允许这件事。老师不会允许这件事。（表意愿）（表意愿）（表许可）（表许可）shall和和should1.shall用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。shall用于征求对方的意见，表示用于征求对方的意见，表示“决决 心心”是情态动词。是情态动词。e.g.Perhaps I sh

21、all pay a visit to England this winter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。（构成一般将来时（构成一般将来时,助动词）助动词）Shall we go by train,Mom?妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？（用于征求对方的意见，情态动词）（用于征求对方的意见，情态动词）I shall go at once.我必须立即去。我必须立即去。（表（表“决心决心”，情态动词），情态动词）shall可以用于第一、三人称的疑问句，可以用于第一、三人称的疑问句，表示征求意见或许可；还可用于第二、表示征求意见或许可；还可用于第二、三人称

22、的陈述句中，表示允诺、警告、三人称的陈述句中，表示允诺、警告、命令或威胁等。命令或威胁等。e.g.You shall be punished if you break the rule.2.should表示义务、建议、劝告，意为表示义务、建议、劝告，意为“应该应该”。“should+have+过去分词过去分词”表示本应该在过去做但没有做。表示本应该在过去做但没有做。e.g.You should keep your promise.你应该遵守诺言。你应该遵守诺言。She should have passed the exam.她应该通过考试的。她应该通过考试的。must和和have to1.mu

23、st用于一般问句中用于一般问句中,肯定回答用肯定回答用must否定式用否定式用neednt或或dont have to，做，做“不不必必”,mustnt表示表示“禁止，不允许禁止，不允许”Must I finish all assignments at a time?Yes,you must./No,you neednt.e.g.I dont like this TV set.We must buy a new one.There was no more bus.They had to walk home.2.表示表示“必须必须”这个意思时，这个意思时，must和和have to稍有区别。稍有

24、区别。must着重说明主观着重说明主观 看法，看法，have to强调客观需要。另外，强调客观需要。另外，have to能用于更多时态。能用于更多时态。e.g.You must be the new teacher.He must be joking.There is nobody here.They must have all gone home.3.must表示对某人某事的猜测表示对某人某事的猜测,作作“准准是是”,“一定一定”,一般用于肯定句中。对一般用于肯定句中。对过过去发生的事情作肯定判断用去发生的事情作肯定判断用must have done。e.g.He must come and

25、 worry her with question,just when she was busy cooking the dinner.Of course,after I gave her my advice,she must go and do the opposite.4.must表示表示“偏要偏要,硬要硬要”,指做令人不指做令人不快的事情。快的事情。can/could,may/might,should和和 must都可表示肯定的推测。都可表示肯定的推测。can/could表示客观可能性；表示客观可能性；may表示推测表示推测时，其语气不肯定；时，其语气不肯定；might语气更弱，语气更弱，

26、表示某事实际发生的可能性；表示某事实际发生的可能性；should 表示确定或可能有的未来或期待；表示确定或可能有的未来或期待；must表示比较肯定的语气表示比较肯定的语气。如：。如：I think advertisements can be quite dangerous.The newcomer may be dismissed by the company.The rescue team should arrive by 5 oclock this afternoon.I think the old woman must be a nice person.could,might,would

27、,should都可表示委都可表示委婉语气。婉语气。如如:I wonder if you could let me use your cell phone.Might I know your telephone number?【即学即练【即学即练】用适当的情态动词（含否用适当的情态动词（含否定形式）补全下面的对话。定形式）补全下面的对话。Tom:Its raining hard.1._ you mind sharing your umbrella with me?Rose:Of course not.By the way,one of our rules is that every studen

28、t 2._ wear school uniform while at school,right?Tom:Yes.You must be a newcomer here.WouldshallRose:Thats true.I moved here last Monday.Are you going to see the film in our school tonight?Tom:Yes.Our foreign teacher 3._ come with us tonight,but he isnt sure.He may be at his office.Lets ask him to go

29、with us.Rose:I saw him leave his office half an hour ago.He 4._ be working there at this time.might/maycant I hear youve got a lot of valuable Australian coins.5._ I have a look?Tom:What a pity!My father requires that they 6._ not be brought to school.If youre free,I will show you them at my home ne

30、xt Monday.Rose:Wonderful.Where were you last Saturday night?I knocked at the door of your dorm,but nobody answered it.shouldMay/Might/Can/CouldTom:I was tired after a long hike.Therefore,I 7._ have been asleep.Rose:Ive heard that my friend Joe met with an accident during the trip.Tom:Dont worry;he 8

31、._ not have been hurt seriously.He will leave hospital early next Monday.Rose:I 9._ have paid a visit to him last Sunday,but something unexpected happened.Tom:We can go to the hospital to visit him this Sunday Morning.may/mightmustcould/would/should/mightUse modal verbs to ask and answer questions based on the situations below.Try to use each modal verb at least once.1.You want to invite your friend to come to a party on Sunday.2.You want to be a doctor,so you ask your teacher about what subjects to study.3.You want to ask your mum for permission to go with your friends to the cinema.