主谓一致语法与练习题.ppt

1、主谓一致语法与练习题主谓一致是指：主谓一致是指：1）语法一致原则）语法一致原则谓语动词与主语语法上的数取得一致，即主语中心谓语动词与主语语法上的数取得一致，即主语中心词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，主语中心词是单数或不可数名词，谓词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，主语中心词是单数或不可数名词，谓语动词就用单数形式。语动词就用单数形式。The student is operating the computer.2）意义一致原则意义一致原则谓语动词与主语实际意义上取得一致，即谓语动谓语动词与主语实际意义上取得一致，即谓语动词的数取决于主语中心词的单、复数意义，而不是它的单、复数形式。词的数取决于主语中心

2、词的单、复数意义，而不是它的单、复数形式。集合名词作主语时，若看作整体，则谓语动词用单数形式；若看作各个集合名词作主语时，若看作整体，则谓语动词用单数形式；若看作各个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。His family are music lovers.一、就近一致原则一、就近一致原则谓语动词的数取决于最靠近它的主语谓语动词的数取决于最靠近它的主语的单、复数形式的单、复数形式There be;or;eitheror;neithernor;not onlybut also;not(just)but1.There _ a pen,an ink bottle,and some

3、 books on it.There _ some bowls,plates and a spoon on it.A.is;are B.are;are C.are;is D.is;is A2.Either the judge or the lawyers _ wrong.Either you or he _ to blame.A.is;are B.are;is C.are;are D.is;is B二、就前一致原则二、就前一致原则谓语动词与前面的中心词一致谓语动词与前面的中心词一致with;together with;along with;but;except;besides;in addit

4、ion to;including;as well as;rather thannot;like;unlike;no less than名词名词A+名词名词B，谓语动词与名词，谓语动词与名词A一致。一致。1.The girl as well as his parents _ a bike.Not only the students but also the professor _ surprised at Marys answer.A.have;was B.have;were C.has;was D.has;were2.Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons _ t

5、aking a walk in the park now.Grandpa Wang,together with his two grandsons,_ taking a walk in the park now.A.are;are B.is;are C.is;is D.are;is 3.No one but Jane _ the secret.Nobody but Mary and I _ in the classroom at that time.A.know;was B.knows;was C.know;were D.knows;wereCDBpolice;people;cattle,po

6、ultry;militia;vermin 1.The policeman _ standing at the street corner.The police _ searching for him.A.are;is B.are;are C.is;are D.is;is 三、三、集体名词集体名词谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数情况：情况：2.there any police around?A.Am B.Is C.Are D.BeCC四、四、集体名词集体名词谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数情况：情况：machinery;equipment;furniture;merchandise;clothing五、

7、五、集体名词集体名词谓语动词视具体情况而定：谓语动词视具体情况而定：family;team;class;group;population;audience;government;public;committee;crew;company;enemy;party;如果作为一个如果作为一个整体整体看待，谓语用看待，谓语用单数单数；如果指集体里如果指集体里每一个成员每一个成员，谓语用，谓语用复数复数。His family _ all very well.His family _ a“five good”one.A.are;is B.is;is C.are;are D.is;areAThe popul

8、ation of the earth _ increasing fast.One third of the population here _ workers.A.is;are B.is;is C.are;is D.are;areThe football team being recognized.The football team having baths.A六、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数六、并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.当主语由当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指

9、同同一人或同一物一人或同一物时，谓语动词用时，谓语动词用单数单数，and 此时连接的两个词此时连接的两个词前前只有一个冠词只有一个冠词。The League secretary and monitor asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.is B.was C.are D.wereBThe father and writer_ easy-going.(be)All work and no play _ Jack a dull boy.(make)Bread and butter _ western food.(be)七、单复数同形的词的主谓一致七、单复

10、数同形的词的主谓一致sheep;deer;fish;Chinese;Japanese;means;works;crossroads;species;series;headquarters当当a/such a/this/that修饰时，谓语用单数；修饰时，谓语用单数；当当all/such/these/those修饰时，谓语用复数。修饰时，谓语用复数。Chinese _ not so difficult to learn.The Chinese people _ brave and hard working.A.is;is B.are;is C.is;are D.are;areC八、与后接八、与后

11、接名词名词或或代词代词保持一致：保持一致：分数分数+of；百分数百分数+of；some of;part of;half of;a lot of;lots of;plenty of;most of;the rest of+可数名词复数可数名词复数/不可数名词，谓语动词取决不可数名词，谓语动词取决于后接于后接名词名词或或代词代词的数的数1.Most of the students _ boys.Most of his money _ spent on books.A.are;is B.is;is C.are;are D.is;are2.One sixth of our classmates _ f

12、rom peasant families.One fifth of her time _ devoted to writing.A.comes;is B.come;are C.come;is D.comes;are3.Only 10 percent of the students in the class _ League members.About 40%of Jims income _ to the rent(租金租金).A.are;goes B.are;go C.is;goes D.is;goACA九、一些总是以复数形式出现，成双成对的事物的主谓一致九、一些总是以复数形式出现，成双成对的

13、事物的主谓一致情况：情况：trousers;shoes;glasses;gloves;shorts;scissors;scales;chopsticks;compasses 如单独出现，谓语用如单独出现，谓语用复数复数；如果前面有如果前面有a/this/that pair of修饰，谓语用修饰，谓语用单数单数。The glasses _ mine.That pair of glasses _ my brothers.A.are;is B.are;are C.is;are D.is;is A十、如果主语是由十、如果主语是由“a series of,a kind of,a portion of,a

14、 pile of,a panel of,the kind of,the type of,a range of,a bunch of,a sort of，a pair of,a piece of 等等+名词名词”构成时，谓语动词一构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。般用单数形式。This kind of snakes _ very dangerous.These kinds of metal _ hard to find.A.is;is B.are;is C.is;are D.are;are若若kind,sort,type之前的限定词是之前的限定词是these,those,of后为后为复数复数，谓语

15、用谓语用复数复数。C十一、主语由十一、主语由each,every,no等词修饰时，谓语用等词修饰时，谓语用单数单数；即使用即使用and,or连接连接多个并列主语多个并列主语，谓语动词也用，谓语动词也用单数单数。each+n.and each+n.every+n.and every+n.no+n.and no+n.谓语用谓语用单数单数Every man worker and every woman worker _ free medical care.At Christmas each boy and each girl _ given a present.A.enjoy;is B.enjoy;

16、are C.enjoys;is D.enjoys;are Cmany amore than one Many a man _ seen the wonderful film.Many men _ seen the wonderful film.A.has;has B.has;have C.have;has D.have;have+单数名词单数名词谓语用谓语用单数单数 B十二、以十二、以s结尾的名词的主谓一致结尾的名词的主谓一致arms;clothes;contents;fireworks;goods;minutes;morals;remains;stairs;suburbs;thanks;wa

17、ges,谓语用谓语用复数复数。mathematics;physics;economics;gymnastics;the news，谓，谓语用语用单数单数。The news at six oclock _ not true.Those pieces of news _ to be broadcasted.A.are;is B.are;are C.is;are D.is;is C Her clothes _ nearly worn out.His physics _ weaker than others.A.is;is B.are;is C.is;are D.are;are B十三、主语是表示时间

18、、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、十三、主语是表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、数学运算等复数名词或短语时，通常当作一个整体概念，谓数学运算等复数名词或短语时，通常当作一个整体概念，谓语用语用单数单数形式。形式。Five hundred dollars _ more than he can afford.A.is B.areThe United Nations _ trying to persuade the two countries.A.is B.areThree kilometers _ not a long distance.A.is B.are A AA作主语的名词被作主语的名词

19、被the number of所修饰时，谓语用所修饰时，谓语用单数单数。主语是主语是a variety of,a number of+名词复数，动词要用名词复数，动词要用复数复数。以以-s结尾的姓氏作主语时，表示一家人，谓语用复数。结尾的姓氏作主语时，表示一家人，谓语用复数。以以-s结尾的山脉、瀑布、群岛、体育球队及乐队名称作主语结尾的山脉、瀑布、群岛、体育球队及乐队名称作主语时，谓语用复数。时，谓语用复数。The Blacks are living in New York.The Browns _also invited.(be)Niagara Falls _ very grand.(be)T

20、he Beatles _ still popular.(be)主语为主语为what 从句时，谓语动词的数取决于从句的实际意义。从句时，谓语动词的数取决于从句的实际意义。What he does is not important.他做的事情并不重要。他做的事情并不重要。What I say and think are no business of yours.我说什么、想我说什么、想什么不关你事。什么不关你事。从句、动名词、动词不定式等作主语时，一般表示某一概念，从句、动名词、动词不定式等作主语时，一般表示某一概念，谓语动词用单数形式。谓语动词用单数形式。To say something _ o

21、ne thing,to do it _ another.A.is;is B.are;areReading English magazines and novels _ helpful to your study of English.A.is B.are A A某些形容词，如某些形容词，如poor,rich,old,young,good,bad,blind,deaf等加上定冠词等加上定冠词the表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad.The wounded were tak

22、en to hospital.The young _ full of vigor.在定语从句中，谓语动词的数取决于先行词的数：在定语从句中，谓语动词的数取决于先行词的数：在在one of+one of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句 结构中结构中,定语从句中谓语定语从句中谓语动词的单、复数形式一般采用复数形式动词的单、复数形式一般采用复数形式,但当但当oneone之前有之前有the the onlyonly等限定词和修饰词语时等限定词和修饰词语时,即采用单数形式。即采用单数形式。David is one of those boys who go out of their way to be

23、 helpful.David is the only one of those boys who goes out of his way to be helpful.在强调句型中，谓语动词的数取决于被强调部分的数：在强调句型中，谓语动词的数取决于被强调部分的数：It is I who am wrong.是我错了。是我错了。each 做主语同位语时，谓语由主语来决定和做主语同位语时，谓语由主语来决定和each无关无关Each student _ got an English-Chinese dictionary.The students each _ a dictionary.A.have;ha

24、s B.has;have C.have;have D.has;has B代词代词each和由和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词做主等构成的复合代词做主语；或主语中含有语；或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数。谓语需用单数。more thanof,做主语时，谓语应与其后的名词或代词保持做主语时，谓语应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。一致。More than 60%of the students from the city.(be)arethe following 做主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持做主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致。一致。The foll

25、owing good examples.(be)are-ings结尾的名词，结尾的名词，clippings(剪下物剪下物),diggings,earnings,filings(锉屑锉屑)，lodgings，surroundings,sweepings,谓语通常用复数。谓语通常用复数。两数两数相减相减或或相除相除，谓语用，谓语用单数单数；两数两数相加相加或或相乘相乘，动词可用，动词可用单数单数，也可用，也可用复数复数。Forty minus fifteen twenty-five.(leave)Forty divided by eight five.(be)Seven and five twel

26、ve.(make)Five times eight forty.(be)1.Anything special in todays newspaper?-Yes.“Confidence is most important than gold”by Premier Wen as a headline in many of todays newspapers.A.is used B.are used C.has used D.have used2.Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow

27、.A.are B.is C.have D.be3.Dr.Smith,together with his wife and daughters,visit Beijing this summer.A.is going to B.are going to C.was going to D.were going to A B A4.Max,along with the three men,to represent the union at the meeting.A.is B.are C.be D.to be5.John is the only one of the students in the

28、class that never a mistake even when it is pointed to him.A.admit making B.admits makingC.admit to make D.admits to make6.The number of people invite fifty,but a number of them absent for different reasons.A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were AB C7.Personally I think it is the sales manager,r

29、ather than the sales girl,to blame.A.is B.that is C.are D.who are8.Every man and woman working here along with me.A.are getting B.get C.is got D.is getting9.The old well looked after by the government.A.is B.are C.being D.has B D B10.How close parents are to their children a strong influence on the

30、character of the children.A.have B.has C.having D.to have B11.The great majority of active volcanoes located in just two great zones.A.be B.is C.was D.are12.Tom is the only one of the students who to France.A.has been B.have been C.had been D.has being D A13.To drive well and within the speed limits

31、 necessary in todays traffic.A.staying/are B.to stay/are C.to stay/is D.staying/are14.What matters not winning but participating.A.are B.to be C.was D.is15.Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the University .A.has been accepted B.have been accepted C.was accepted D.were accepted C D C