专升本英语讲解—时态课件.ppt

1、专升本英语讲解时态 一、一般现在时一、一般现在时 形式：Vs或V 1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作 常与表示频率的时间状语连用:always，usually，every morning/week/year，often，sometimes，seldom，once a month等 He uses Alipay to pay bills.2.描述主语固有的状态、性质、特征、能描述主语固有的状态、性质、特征、能力等。力等。She is ugly.3.陈述客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.4.表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a

2、 fall.骄兵必败5.少数动词如go,come,leave,arrive,begin,start,be 等，用一般现在时，表示按规定、用一般现在时，表示按规定、计划要发生的事情。计划要发生的事情。The plane takes off at 6.6.在时间和条件状语中，用一般现在时表示将来事情。(主将从现)I will tell you as soon as he arrives.If you pass the exam,I will give you a gift.二、现在进行时二、现在进行时 现在进行时的构成是：现在进行时的构成是：be+动词的动词的ing 1.表示正在进行的动词表示正在

3、进行的动词 I am e,go,leave,return,arrive,begin,start等，用现在进行时表示不远的将来要发生的事情。Christmas day is coming.They are getting married next week.三、现在完成时 形式:have/has+动词ed 1.表示在说话之前表示在说话之前已经完成已经完成的动作的动作,强调动强调动作作对现在的影响对现在的影响。和包括现在在内的表示一和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用段时间的状语连用recently,already,just,lately,for,since,yet 等。等。2.表示过去动作的结

4、果，现在仍残留着；I have lost my watch.我把手表丢了 since 和和 for 的区别的区别 since 后接时间点,如 1993,last term,yesterday,the time I got there for 后接一段时间,表示“长达多久”,如 ten years,a while,two days 等。Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.Jim has been in Ireland _ three days.3.在“this is the first/second/third time that”句型里要求用完成时。This is

5、 the second time that I have been here.4.It is/has beensince sb.did sth It is/has been 10 years since I last saw him.四、现在完成进行时 形式have/has been+动词ing 1.表示一个从过去某时开始一直表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续的动持续的动作作 I have been studying English for 3 hours.Tomisaworker.He_inafactory.Hissisters_inahospital.A.work/workB.works/wo

6、rk C.work/worksD.works/works Itseightoclock.Thestudents_anEnglishclass.A.haveB.having C.ishavingD.arehaving 五、一般过去时 形式：动词形式：动词ed 1.表示过去某个特定时间内发生的动作或表示过去某个特定时间内发生的动作或状态状态.常与过去时间状语如yesterday,two days ago,last year,just now,in the old days等连用。eg.He came to Beijing when he was 10 years old.2.表示过去习惯性动作。u

7、sed to do表达的句型，本身表示的 就是过去时。I used to go to school by bus when I was a high school student.3.A.It is time for sb.to do sth 到时间了 该了 It is time for you to go to bed.B.It is time sb.did sth.时间已迟了“,早该了“It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与

8、现在没有联系。He worked in that hospital for 8 years.He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.六、过去进行时六、过去进行时 形式：be的过去时+doing 表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正进表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正进行动作。行动作。What was she doing at 9 oclock yesterday?2.在复合句中，如果主从句动作同时发生在复合句中，如果主从句动作同时发生的，动词都可用过去进行时。的，动词都可用过去进行时。While he was waiting for the bus,

9、he was reading a newspaper.七、过去完成时七、过去完成时 形式：形式：had+done 表示在过去的某个时间以前已经发生的动表示在过去的某个时间以前已经发生的动作。作。1.表示较早的过去 A.用过去完成时，必须有一个过去的时间用过去完成时，必须有一个过去的时间或动作来做参照，说明在此之前事情已经或动作来做参照，说明在此之前事情已经发生。发生。I had taught here for 5 years by the end of last term.B.如果两个动作都是在过去发生，先发生如果两个动作都是在过去发生，先发生的用过去完成时（的用过去完成时（had done）

10、，后发生的），后发生的用一般过去时（用一般过去时（did）When we arrived,the football match had already begun.2.用于宾语从句用于宾语从句主句中用了know,realize,think,suppose,guess,find,discover，decide,remember,forget等动词的一般过去时，如果宾语从句中的动作先于主句的动作，用过去完成时：We realized we had lost our way.3.no soonerthan,hardly(scarcely)when,前面用过去完成时，后面用一般过去时 No soone

11、r had he stolen the money than he was caught red-handed.4.It was the first/second time.that结构中的从句部分，用过去完成时。It was the third time that the boy had been late.She said her brother _ in Beijing.He _ to Japan on business last week.A.wasnt,went B.hasnt,went C.wasnt,go D.isnt,went I lost the book which I A

12、have bought Bbought Chad bought Dhad been bought The bus had gone when I at the bus stop Ahave arrived Barrived Chad arrived Dam arriving A:I called you at about 8:30 last night,but nobody answered.B:Oh,I _ in my office at that time.A.will work B.was working C.worked D.had worked 八、一般将来时八、一般将来时 形式：形

13、式：i/we+shall/will+动词原形动词原形,其他人称其他人称+will+动词原形动词原形 表示将来某一时刻的动作，常连用：tomorrow，next week，in the future等。I will/shall go to visit him next week.2be going to，表示将来。a.计划，安排要发生的事。The product is going to be launched next month.b.有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm.will主要用于在以下几个方面：主要用

14、于在以下几个方面：1.未经过预先考虑的 There is somebody at the door.Ill go and open it.2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。Today is Saturday.Tomorrow will be Sunday.3.be to将来 We are to discuss it next Saturday.4.be about to，表示正要。He is about to leave for Beijing.九、将来进行时九、将来进行时 形式：形式：shall/will be doing 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作 Shell be sl

15、eeping at this time tomorrow.十、过去将来时十、过去将来时 Would do 表示在过去将来某一时间发生的动作表示在过去将来某一时间发生的动作 John told us that he would go to the university next year.十一、将来完成时 Shall/will have done 表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作。We shall have learned all essays by the end of this term.复合句中时态的搭配复合句中时态的搭配 1.主句是现在时或将来时，从句可以是任主句是现在时或将来时，从句

16、可以是任何时态。何时态。He says his father is/was/will be a teacher.2.主句时过去时态，从句也为过去时态中主句时过去时态，从句也为过去时态中的一种。的一种。a.主句与从句动作同时发生，从句用一般主句与从句动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时。过去时或过去进行时。He said he was playing basketball.b.从句动作发生在主句之后，从句动作发生在主句之后，从句用过从句用过去将来时。去将来时。He said that he would study in China next year.c.从句动作发生在主句之前，从句动作发

17、生在主句之前，从句用过去从句用过去完成时。完成时。The college student said he had finished his high school course.d.从句为一般真理或者客观事实时，从句为一般真理或者客观事实时，即使即使主句是过去时，从句仍用一般现在时主句是过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。The teacher said the earth is round.Ex:At 7 oclock,he said he _(finish)his homework at 6.In class,he said he _(post)the letter after class.He

18、said the sun _(be)round 1.-Do you know our town at all?-No,this is the first time I _ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming 2.You dont need to describe her.I _ her several times.A.had metB.have met C.meetD.am meeting 3.Did you meet Tom at the airport？No，he by the time I there Ahas left；got Bhad left；arrived Cleft；arrived Dleft；had got 4.Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes