2020年中考英语被动语态(共22张PPT).pptx
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- 2020 年中 英语 被动 语态 22 PPT
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1、邹老师语态表示句子的主语和谓语动作之间的关系,分为主动语态和被动语态两类。1)当句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者时,主、谓之间的关系称为主动语态;2)当句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者时,主、谓之间的关系称为被动语态。例如:I teach English.(主动语态)Our English is taught by him.(被动语态)He speaks English.(主动语态)English is spoken in many countries all over the world.(被动语态)He plants trees in spring.主谓宾(受动者)Treesare planted
2、 byhimin spring.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.时 态 主 动 被 动一般现在时do/doesam/is/are done一般过去时didwas/were done 一般将来时will/shall dowill/shall be doneam/is/are going to doam/is/are going to be doneam/is/are to doam/is/a
3、re to be doneam/is/are about to do不用被动语态现在进行时am/is/are doingam/is/are being done过去进行时was/were doingwas/were being done将来进行时will/shall be doing不用被动语态现在完成时have/has donehave/has been done过去完成时had donehad been done将来完成时will/shall have donewill/shall have been done 过去将来时would/should dowould/should be don
4、ewas/were going to dowas/were going to be donewas/were to dowas/were to be donewas/were about to do不用被动语态现在完成进行have/has been doing不用被动语态过去完成进行had been doing不用被动语态English is spoken in many countries all over the world.(一般现在时)Some TV sets for sale in the department store were stolen last night.(一般过去时)
5、The project is being carried out.(现在进行时)The case was being investigated then.(过去进行时)This novel has been translated into several languages.(现在完成时)They said that production costs had been reduced.(过去完成时)She sent me a novel on my birthday.(She sent me a novel on my birthday.(主动主动)I was sent a novel on
6、my birthday.(I was sent a novel on my birthday.(被动被动)A novel was sent to me on my birthday.(A novel was sent to me on my birthday.(被动被动)My brother bought me a watch yesterday.(My brother bought me a watch yesterday.(主动主动)I was bought a watch yesterday.(I was bought a watch yesterday.(被动被动)A watch wa
7、s bought for me by my brother yesterday.(A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday.(被动被动)由由toto引出间接宾语的动词有:引出间接宾语的动词有:give,show,pass,lend,take,tellgive,show,pass,lend,take,tell等等 由由forfor引出间接宾语的动词有:引出间接宾语的动词有:buy,make,cook,get,sing,readbuy,make,cook,get,sing,read等。等。The story made us laugh.(宾
8、语补足语)We were made to laugh by the story.(主语补足语)They asked me to help them.(宾语补足语)I was asked to help them.(主语补足语)We saw them coming over.(宾语补足语)They were seen coming over.(主语补足语)带情态动词的被动结构的固定句式为情态动词+be+过去分词。也有个别带to的情态动词例外,如:ought to和have to,它们的被动结构就只能在不定式中。The debt must be paid off before next month
9、.The debt has to be paid off before next month.Oil can be turned into energy by burning it.You ought to be criticized for your carelessness.如:He made us clean the classroom after school._ I saw him come into the room._ They must take good care of the children._ 1 1系动词系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,a
10、ppear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep+fall,get,grow,keep+形容词形容词/名词构成系表结构。名词构成系表结构。如:如:The steel feels cold.The steel feels cold.His plan proved(to be)practical.His plan proved(to be)practical.It has gone bad.It has g
11、one bad.2 2表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move end,shut,run,move 等。等。如:如:Work began at 7 oclock this morning.Work began at 7 oclock this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.3 3
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