英语语法讲解现在完成时讲解课件.pptx

1、The Present Perfect TenseI have already brushed my teeth.过去分词过去分词肯定句：主语+have/has+done否定句：主语+have/has+not+done疑问句：Have/Has+主语+doneYes,主+have/has.No,主+havent/hasnt.He has finished his homework.He has not finished his homework.Has he finished his homework?Yes,he has./No,he hasnt.My parents have been to

2、 the USA.My parents havent been to the USA.Have your parents been to the USA?Yes,they have./No,they havent.1.直接加-ed,如：worked2.不发音-e结尾,加d,如：hoped3.辅音+y结尾的，把y变i加ed,如：carried4.重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母+ed,如：stoppedAAA型（三种形式都一样）cost-cost-cost hit-hit-hitput-put-put read-read-readABB型（过去式与过去分词相同）buy-bought-bought c

3、atch-caught-caughtfind-found-found have-had-hadABA型（原形与过去分词相同）come-came-comebecome-became-becomeABC型（三种都不一样）do-did-donego-went-gonetake-took-takenwrite-wrote-writtenpast now future 对现在有影响对现在有影响Yesterday,they cleaned the classroom.Now,the classroom is clean because they have cleaned it.用法用法1强调过去发生的动作

4、对现在产生的结果或影响。强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。1.I saw this film last week.Now,I know this film because I have seen it before.2.I did my homework yesterday.Now,I can give it to the teacher because I have done it.3.She had breakfast in the morning.Now,she is not hungry because she has had breakfast.用法用法2 2：过去发生的动作

5、一直过去发生的动作一直延续延续到现在。到现在。past now future I began to teach English at this school fiveyears ago.I have taught English at this school for five years.1.She is a doctor.She began to work when she was 20.Now,she is 28.She has worked for eight years.2.They went to London last Saturday.Today is Saturday.They

6、 have stayed in London since last Saturday.already“已经”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。I have already read this book.She has already finished her homework.yet“仍然，还”用在疑问句和否定句中，放在句末。I havent read this book yet.Have you had breakfast yet?ever“曾经”通常用于疑问句和肯定句中,放在句中。I have ever seen this film.Have you ever been to the USA?n

7、ever“从来不”,放在句中,表示否定。Is he famous?I have never heard of him.She has never been to Canada.just“刚刚”用在陈述句中,放在句中。I have just bought a novel.She has just had dinner.before“以前”用在完成时中，放在句末。have never read this kind of books before.Have you been to Shanghai before?since and forfor+时间段时间段for 2 yearsfor a long

8、 timesince+时间点时间点since 2 years agosince 1998since she came to the schoolThe young teacher has worked at this school for 2 years.(since two years ago)用用for和和since填空。填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ l

9、ast month用用for和和since填空。填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforforforforforsincesincesincesincesincesincesincesince and forI have been here for 5 weeks.Hes studied English for 3 years.She has

10、 worked for 10 hours.I have been here since 2000.He has worked as a lawyer since 5 years ago.Theyve lived in Shanghai since they married in 2000.since and for对对for或或since引导的时间状语提问用引导的时间状语提问用how longHes studied English for 3 years.How long has he studied English?Theyve lived in Shanghai since they ma

11、rried in 2000.How long have they lived in Shanghai?1.现在完成时可与现在完成时可与recently（最近）（最近）,so far（到目前（到目前为止）为止）,in the past（在过去）（在过去）in the last few years(在在过去的几年）等时间状语连用。过去的几年）等时间状语连用。2.现在完成时可现在完成时可与与 once,twice,three times,several times 等表重复次数的词语连用。等表重复次数的词语连用。考点一考点一一般过去时现在完成时 概念（语境）标志词 过去 现在 现在完成时：即着眼过去

12、，也着眼现在。强调影响性和结果性。Mike has left here.She is not here now.过去 一般过去时：只着眼于过去，不着眼于现在。只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。Mike left here five minutes ago.yesterday,the day before yesterdaylast week(year,night,month)ago,long long agoat the age of fivejust nowin1989forsinceup to now,by far,so faryet,recently,In the l

13、ast few years一般过去时现在完成时 We _to learn English five years ago.We _ it for five years up to now.A.began;learned B.begin;have learned C.have begun;had learned D.began;have learnedD考点二考点二延续性动词与非延续性动词I have borrowed the book for six months.XI have kept the book for six months.非延续性动词延续性动词持续性非延续性动词延续性动词 buy

14、haveborrowkeepjoinbe in begin/startbe oncome/go be inleavebe awaydiebe deadend/finishbe over开始结束死买卖来去借入不离开for,since,how long要跟延续性动词连用 How long have your parents _?For about 15 years.A.left their hometown B.got to Jinan C.joined the ping-pong club D.worked in this cityD How long have you _?For almost

15、 ten years.A.owned this garden B.bought this car C.arrived in Shanghai D.come to this townA How long has your sister_?For nearly three months.A.borrowed the book B.become a teacher C.got to Jinan D.kept the bikeD I have waited for the bus for twenty minutes.(划线部分提问)_ _ have you waited for the bus?Su

16、san has been a volunteer in the hospital for three years.(划线部分提问)_ _ has Susan been a volunteer in the hospital?HowlongHowlong考点三考点三 have been to,have gone to,找规律She has gone to the park,and she will be back in two hours.Tom has gone to Mikes home,but he hasnt come back.去而未归，主语一般是第三人称。找规律She has nev

17、er been to London.-Have you ever been to London？-Yes,I have been there twice.We have been to London,and it is wonderful there.去过且已经回来有表示频率的词：never,ever,twice有评价性的话语:That place is wonderful,beautiful,awful.Where is Tom?Do you know?I think he _to the library.A has gone B goes C has been D wentA Is Tom at home?No,he_ to town.A.has been B.has gone C.goes D.will goB