高考英语语法定语从句课件完美版.ppt
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1、定定 语语 从从 句句1.定义:在句中起定语的作用、修饰句子中的名词或代词的从句。因其功能类似形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。2.三要素:2.2 关系代词(who,whom,whose,which,that,as)或关系副词(when,where,why)2.3 关系词在定语从句中充当成分2.1 先行词关系词在定语从句中充当成分关系词在定语从句中充当成分vWho/whom指人,在从句中作主语或宾语vWhich指物(含时间,地点),在从句中作主语或宾语vThat 指人或物(含时间,地点),在从句中作主语或宾语vWhose指某人的或某物的,在从句中作定语vWhen指在某个时间,在从句中作时间状语vW
2、here指在某地,在从句中作地点状语vWhy指原因,在从句中原因状语只用只用that不用不用 which的情况的情况l 1.先行词为不定代词all,little,few,much,none,anything,nothing,everything等时 All that we have to do is to practice every day.l 2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.l 3.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last等修饰时
3、He is the only person that I want to talk to.l 4.先行词被all,little,much,some,any,no,every等修饰时 There is little work that you can do.l 5.先行词有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.l 6.主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时 Who is the woman that you shook hands with just now?只用只用which不
4、用不用that的情况的情况l1.引导非限制性定语从句时 I have lost the pen,which I like very much.l2.关系代词指物放置于介词后 We depend on the land from which we get our food.l注意注意:如果介词没有提前用which或that都可以1.This is the book _ I told you about.*2.She described in her compositions the people and places _ impressed her most.3.Who is the girl
5、_ drove the car?A.which B.that C.D.all above E.who Practise:The differences between The differences between “that”and“which “that”and“which”DBB4.Hes the only boy in our city _ enters the Beijing University.5.The third place _ we are going to visit is Hangzhou.6.Is that the best _ you can do?A.which
6、B.that C.D.all above E.whoBB、CB、C7.All _ is needed is money and hands.8.We heard clearly every word _ he said.A.which B.that C.D.all above E.who BB、C 9.This is the great moment to _ I look forward.10.We suggested he go to see a doctor,_ advise has been taken by him.A.which B.that C.D.all above E.who
7、 AA介词+which/whom引导定语从句l 介词+which/whom引导定语从句时,介词的选择受到上下文意思的限制,或与前面的名词搭配有关,或与后面的动词搭配有关。如:l Lighter is the fastest thing all over the world,the speed of which is 300 000 km per second.l He is telling a story of Lei Feng,of whom every one of us is proud.l The paper _ bamboo is made is especially fine.l
8、A.which B.into which l C.of which D.from whichl Keys:Bwhere,when,why引导的定语从句引导的定语从句l 1)when 在定语从句中作时间状语,它的先行词是表示时间的名词,相当于at/in/during+which,指代在某个时间在某个时间。如:l He came at a time when I least expected him.l 2)where在定语从句中作地点状语,它的先行词是表示地点的名词,相当于at/in/on+which,指代在某地在某地。如:l He has gone to America,where he wi
9、ll spend two years.l 3)why在定语从句中作原因状语,它的先行词只有reason一词,相当于for which,指代for the reason(为此,因此(为此,因此而)而)。如:l I dont know the reason why he left there.l The reason why I was late was that I missed the bus.1.The sun heats the earth,_ is very important to us.2.He failed in the exam,_ was expected.A.that B.a
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