高考动词的时态和语态课件.ppt

1、高考动词的时态和语态谓语动词的时态谓语动词的时态现在时态现在时态过去时态过去时态一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时现在将来时现在将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时一般现在时一般现在时表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作。1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常和时间状语连用。经常性或习惯性的动作，常和时间状语连用。时间状语：时间状语：always,usually，every morning,often,sometimes,once twice a week,rarely,seldom

2、,never.We usually go to school by bus.He wakes up at 7 every morning.2)表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。下列动表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。下列动词常用一般现在时表将来词常用一般现在时表将来:arrive,leave,start,begin.The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus start?It starts in ten minutes.3)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves aro

3、und the sun.Shanghai lives in the east of China.4)表示格言或警句中。表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。骄者必败。Laziness leads to poverty.懒惰导致贫穷。懒惰导致贫穷。5)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I dont want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.6）时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中代替）时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中代替一般将来时。一般将

4、来时。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,well go on a picnic.When Bill comes back,ask him to wait for me.Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.一般现在时的疑问和否定形式：一般现在时的疑问和否定形式：Do the shops always close on Sunday evenings?Does your friend Roy often buy CDs?My father doesnt usually listen to the radioafter lunch

5、.What does your father do?How do you manage to keep the place so tidy?1)Do you think Sam will call his English teacher2)as soon as he _ in town?A.arrive B.will arrive C.are arriving D.arrives2)Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _ home.A.writes B.write C.wrote D.are writing3)The teacher tol

6、d us that the moon_ around the earth once a month.A.move B.moved C.will move D.moves4)The scientist said that light _ faster than sound.A.travels B.travel C.are traveling D.traveled DBDAThe Whites _(live)in 87 King Street.In the morning,Mr.White _(take)them to schoolin his car.Mrs.White _(stay)at ho

7、me everyday.She _(do)housework.At noon she often_(eat)lunch alone at home.In the afternoon,she usually_(visit)her friends and _(drink)tea with them.In the evening,thechildren often _(come)home from school early.Mr.White often_(come)home fromwork late.At night,the children always _(do)their homework

8、and _(go)to bed early.Mr.White usually _(read)newspapers but he and his wife sometimes _(watch)TV.livetakesstaysdoeseatsvisitsdrinkscomecomesdoesgoreadswatch现在进行时现在进行时朗读下列句子，写出现在进行时的谓语动词形式：朗读下列句子，写出现在进行时的谓语动词形式：1.We are waiting for you now.2.Mr.Green is writing another novel these days.3.Im leaving

9、for Shanghai next week.4.Were flying to Paris tomorrow.5.Are they putting up the tent?6.What are you reading?7.John isnt listening to the teacher.is doing,am doing,are doing现在进行时：现在进行时：are/am,is doing现在进行时现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是表示动作发生的时间是“现在现在”，动作目前的状态是动作目前的状态是“正在进行中正在进行中”。所谓。所谓“正在正在进行中进行中”，是指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动是

10、指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动作还在进行中。作还在进行中。至于它是什么时候开始的，什至于它是什么时候开始的，什么时候会停下来，不是我们关心的。所以么时候会停下来，不是我们关心的。所以“正正在进行时在进行时”的事件，可能发生几年了，也可能的事件，可能发生几年了，也可能只有几分钟。现在仍在进行中这是只有几分钟。现在仍在进行中这是“现在进行时现在进行时”的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。的关键所在。它是一件持续进行的事情。现在进行时的用法：现在进行时的用法：1.表示现在表示现在(指说话人说话时指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you.2.表示现阶段

11、正在进行的动作，说话时未必正在表示现阶段正在进行的动作，说话时未必正在 进行。进行。Mr.Green is writing another novel.She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.We are making model planes these days.3.已经确定或安排好的但不确定会不会发生的已经确定或安排好的但不确定会不会发生的 将来活动。将来活动。Im leaving for a trek(旅行旅行)in Nepal next week.Were flying to Paris tomorrow.根据图画内容，写出一个句子根据图画内容，写出

12、一个句子1 2 31.She is dancing.2.He is watching TV.3.They are playing water polo.翻译下面语段：翻译下面语段：我正坐在我的电脑前给你写信。我的妈妈正在做我喜我正坐在我的电脑前给你写信。我的妈妈正在做我喜欢的菜：红烧肉（欢的菜：红烧肉（roast pork）。她正在厨房里准备晚饭。）。她正在厨房里准备晚饭。我的爸爸正在看他喜欢的电视节目：探索与发现（我的爸爸正在看他喜欢的电视节目：探索与发现（Probe and Discovery），在这个节目里有一个男人正在训服），在这个节目里有一个男人正在训服(tame)一头雄性的野狮子。

13、我的奶奶正在为我们的家的一头雄性的野狮子。我的奶奶正在为我们的家的宠物狗露西宠物狗露西(Lucy)喂食。露西正在吃它香喷喷的饭。这喂食。露西正在吃它香喷喷的饭。这正是我的家庭成员正做的事情，你正在做什么？你的家正是我的家庭成员正做的事情，你正在做什么？你的家庭成员又在做什么呢？庭成员又在做什么呢？Dear Tom，Now I am sitting in front of my computer writing to you.My mom is cooking my favorite dish:roast pork.She is preparing dinner in the kitchen.M

14、y father is watching his favorite TV program:Probe and Discovery,in which a man is taming a wild male lion.My grand-mother is feeding our pet dog Lucy.Lucy is eating his delicious food now.Thats what my family members are doing now.What are you doing now?What are your family members doing now?I am l

15、ooking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua现在完成时（现在完成时（Present perfect）现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。时间状语：时间状语：just,recently,lately,since.,for.,so far,up to now,yet,never,ever,three times,in/over the past f

16、ew years,ever since,since thenHe has already obtained a scholarship.I havent seen much of him recently lately.Have they found the missing child yet?I have used this pen only three times.It is still good.George has met that gentleman on several occasions.现在完成的用法：现在完成的用法：1.现在完成时的现在完成时的“完成用法完成用法”指的是动作发

17、生在指的是动作发生在2.过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生3.了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况灯灯现在不亮了。现在不亮了。)Have you found your pen yet？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？They have already set out for London.他们已经动身去伦敦了。他们已经动身去伦敦了。现在完成时的现在完成时

18、的“未完成用法未完成用法”指的是动作开始于过指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。下去。He has lived here since 1978.动作起始于动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。继续住下去。I have been in the army for more than 5 years.动作开始于动作开始于5年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。继续下去。I have been doing some historical research.

19、注意：现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续注意：现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词。性动词，不可用于终止性动词。现在完成时常结构：现在完成时常结构：1.缩写形式：缩写形式：Up till now hes read many story books.至今他已读过好多故事书。至今他已读过好多故事书。Ive been to New York three times so far.至今我已到纽约去过三次。至今我已到纽约去过三次。2.否定句否定句We havent seen each other for quite a few days.咱们有日子没见面了。咱们有日子没见面了。H

20、is wife hasnt heard from him since he left.他走后音信渺茫。他走后音信渺茫。3.疑问句疑问句Has he got a girlfriend?他有女朋友吗？他有女朋友吗？How long have you been employed at this job?你受雇做这个工作有多久了？你受雇做这个工作有多久了？即时练：用括号中动词的正确形式填空即时练：用括号中动词的正确形式填空1.He _already _(see)that film twice.2.They _(not hear)the good news,yet,for they are away o

21、n holiday.3.Up till now,he _(win)five championships.4.Since then,Mr.Ford _(fly)many passengers to many unusual places.5.Ever since he moved into his new house,he _(have)trouble with cars and their owners.6.This is the most interesting theme park that I _(visit)in my life.7.It is the first time that

22、I _(speak)to a foreigner.has seen havent heard has won has flown has hadhave ever visitedhave spoken翻译下面短文。翻译下面短文。Jim 是我多年的朋友。他很强壮和活跃。他最喜欢的是我多年的朋友。他很强壮和活跃。他最喜欢的运动是篮球。他打篮球已经有运动是篮球。他打篮球已经有5年了。到目前为止，他和年了。到目前为止，他和他的队友已经赢了他的队友已经赢了10场比赛。他也很喜欢旅行。到现在为场比赛。他也很喜欢旅行。到现在为止，他去过很多地方止，他去过很多地方,例如重庆、香港、上海等。他非常例如重庆、香港

23、、上海等。他非常友善，我们大家都喜欢他。友善，我们大家都喜欢他。Jim and I have been friends for years.He is strong and active.His favorite sport is playing basketball.He has played basketball for 5 years.So far,he and his teammates have won ten matches.He likes travelling very much.Up to now,he has been to many places,such as Chon

24、gqing,Hongkong and Shanghai.He is friendly to us and we all like him.翻译下列句子：翻译下列句子：1.他跟他跟Jane结婚已经有十年了。结婚已经有十年了。2.自从我们在上海会面之后我们一直是好朋友。自从我们在上海会面之后我们一直是好朋友。3.直到现在，我都没有收到她的来信。直到现在，我都没有收到她的来信。4.这是我见过的最有趣的电影。这是我见过的最有趣的电影。5.我从未参观过如此美丽的花园。我从未参观过如此美丽的花园。1.He has been married to Jane for ten years.2.We have b

25、een friends since we met each other3.in Shanghai.4.3.So far,I havent received a letter from her.5.4.This is the most interesting film that I have ever6.seen.7.5.I have never seen such a beautiful garden.一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用，经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将

26、来的时间状语连用，如：如：tomorrow（明天），（明天），next week（下周（下周）,in a few minutes(几分钟后几分钟后),in the future（将来）等。（将来）等。一般将来一般将来时由助动词时由助动词shall（第一人称），（第一人称），will（第二、三人称）（第二、三人称）动动词原形构成。美式英语则不管什么人称，一律用词原形构成。美式英语则不管什么人称，一律用will do，或用主语或用主语+be+going to do.Dont worry about him.He will be back in a few minutes.Shall we set

27、out at 8 oclock tomorrow morning?Were going to call on our former head-teacher next week.常用句型常用句型If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go out for a picnic.Ill let you know as soon as he arrives.Work hard and you will succeed.翻译下面语段翻译下面语段 我们的邻居查尔斯艾利森船长明天就要从朴次茅斯我们的邻居查尔斯艾利森船长明天就要从朴次茅斯启航了。明天一大早我们将在码头为他送行。他

28、将乘启航了。明天一大早我们将在码头为他送行。他将乘坐他的坐他的“涛波赛涛波赛”号小艇。号小艇。“涛波赛涛波赛”号是艘有名的小艇号是艘有名的小艇,它已经多次横渡大西洋。艾利森船长将于它已经多次横渡大西洋。艾利森船长将于8点钟启航点钟启航,因因此我们有充裕的时间。我们将参观他的船此我们有充裕的时间。我们将参观他的船,然后和他告然后和他告别。他要离开两个月别。他要离开两个月,我们真为他感到自豪我们真为他感到自豪,他将参加一他将参加一次重大的横渡大西洋的比赛。次重大的横渡大西洋的比赛。参考词汇参考词汇查尔斯艾利森船长：查尔斯艾利森船长：Captain Charles Alison朴次茅斯：朴次茅斯：P

29、ortsmouth 涛波赛涛波赛:Topsail大西洋：大西洋：the Atlantic Ocean Our neighbor,Captain Charles Alison,will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.Well meet him at the harbour early in the morning.He will be in his small boat,Topsail.Topsail is a famous little boat.It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.Captain Alison

30、 will set out at eight oclock,so well have plenty of time.Well see his boat and then well say goodbye to him.He will be away for two months.We are very proud of him.He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时（一般过去时（simple past tense)表示过去某个时间表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的

31、时里发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：间状语连用，如：yesterday，last night，in 1990，two days ago等。等。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和常和often，always等表式频率的时间状语连用。等表式频率的时间状语连用。过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。具备的能力和性格。基本结构：主语基本结构：主语+动词过去式动词过去式+其他；其他；否定形式否定形式was/were+not;在行为动词前加在行为动词前加didnt，

32、同时还原行为动词；，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Did+主语主语+do+其他？其他？态。态。时间状语有：时间状语有：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等。等。I had a word with Julia this morning.I heard some noise outside last night.He traveled to Australia two weeks ago.2.表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。动作。When I was a child

33、,I often played football in the street.My son always hated to get up early when he was at school.3.句型：It is time sb.did sth.时间已迟了时间已迟了,早该做某事了早该做某事了 It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。你早该睡觉了。would rather sb.did sth.表示宁愿某人做某事表示宁愿某人做某事Id rather you came tomorrow.I wish(that)+但愿但愿I wish(that)I were/was y

34、ounger.我真希望能年轻一些。我真希望能年轻一些。1.你该去上班了。你该去上班了。2.该父亲去幼儿园接莉莉的时候了。该父亲去幼儿园接莉莉的时候了。It is time that you went to the duty.It is time that Father picked up Lily from the kindergarten.3.但愿他能经常写信。但愿他能经常写信。4.我希望爱滋病永不存在。我希望爱滋病永不存在。I wish that he wrote more regularly.I wish that AIDS never existed.5.我希望你是今天来而不是明天来。

35、我希望你是今天来而不是明天来。6.我宁愿你留下不走。我宁愿你留下不走。I would rather you came tomorrow than today.I would rather you remained here.一般过去时的否定和疑问形式一般过去时的否定和疑问形式1.She didnt answer my letter.She didnt even read it.2.Why did you throw that stone at me?Did you intend to kill me?3.Did you often do your homework in the evening

36、 when you were a pupil?4.-What did you do last night?-I wrote a letter to my brother,Tim.1.“Oh its you!I _ you.”2.“Ive had my hair cut.”3.A.didnt realize B.havent realized 4.C.didnt recognize D.dont recognized 5.2.“Whats her new telephone number?”6.“Oh,I _.”7.A.forget B.forgot 8.C.had forgotten D.am

37、 forgetting 9.3.“Since youve agreed to go,why arent you 10.getting ready?”11.“But I _ that you would have me start at once.”A.dont realize B.didnt realize 12.C.hadnt realized D.havent realizedCAB广东高考真题再现广东高考真题再现1.The sun was setting when my car (break)down near a remote and poor village.（2007广东）广东）2

38、.After a four-day journey,the young man (present)the water to the old man.（2010广东）广东）3.People stepped on your feet or (push)you with their elbows(肘部肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain(2009 广东广东)4.It was raining lightly when I_(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.(2015全国全国)brokepresented pushed ar

39、rivedPostcards always spoil my holidays.Last summer,I _(go)to Italy.I _(visit)museums and_(sit)in public gardens.A friendly waiter _(teach)me a few words of Italian.Then he _(lend)me a book.I _(read)a few lines,but I _(not understand)a word.Everyday I _(think)about postcards.My holidays _(pass)quick

40、ly,but I _(not send)cards to my friends.On the last day I _(make)a big decision.I _(get)up early and _(buy)thirty-seven cards.I _(spend)the whole day in my room,but I _(not write)a single card!wentvisitedsattaughtlentread did not-thoughtpasseddid not-madegotboughtspentdid not-过去进行时过去进行时was/were+doin

41、g过去进行时过去进行时表示在表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间过去某一时刻或某一段时间内内进行或发生的动作。进行或发生的动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：at 10 oclocklast night,the whole morning,all day yesterday,last Saturday等；或者与等；或者与when,while,as引导的过引导的过去时间状语连用。去时间状语连用。过去进行时过去进行时was/were+doing1.This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing

42、his bike.昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在 修理自行车。修理自行车。2.Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon?昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?3.We were having supper when the phone rang.我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。When we were having supper,the phone rang.正当我们在吃晚饭的时，电话响了。正当我们在吃晚饭的时，电话响了。4.My brothe

43、r fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.即时练：用括号中动词的正确形式填空即时练：用括号中动词的正确形式填空1.Shirley _(write)a book last month,2.but I dont know whether she has finished it.2.-Has Sam finished his

44、housework yet?-I have no idea.He _(do)it this morning.3.I first met John three years ago.She _ (work)at a private bank.4.The report said that the UFO _ (travel)from west to east when he _(see)it.5.The sun _(set)when my car _ (break)down near a remote and poor village.was writing was doing was workin

45、g was traveling saw was setting broke 区别：区别：when,while,as We were having supper when the phone rang.We were having supper as the phone rang.When we were having supper,the phone rang.As we were having supper,the phone rang.While we were having supper,the phone rang.注意：注意：1.在由在由while所引导的时间从句中，谓语动词所引导的

46、时间从句中，谓语动词 必须是能够持续一定时间的某种动作状态。必须是能够持续一定时间的某种动作状态。2.当要表示两个动作都同时正在进行中的情况，当要表示两个动作都同时正在进行中的情况，只能用只能用while。She was listening closely while he was reading the letter.即时练：区别：即时练：区别：when,while,as 1.My brother fell _he was riding 2.his bicycle and hurt himself.2._she was reading the newspaper,Granny fell as

47、leep.3.Mary was making a dress _she cut her finger.4._two detectives was carrying the parcel into the office,two others were keeping guard at the door.5.The parents were talking with the teacher _ the boy was waiting outside the office.Whilewhile as/when/while As/When/Whilewhen/as 根据图画内容，写出一个句子根据图画内

48、容，写出一个句子1 2 31.When Lucy was playing the piano,Tom knocked2.at the door.3.Lucy was playing the piano when Tom knocked4.at the door.5.根据图画内容，写出一个句子根据图画内容，写出一个句子1 2 32.When Lucy was sweeping the room,the telephone rang.Lucy was sweeping the room when the telephone rang.根据图画内容，写出一个句子根据图画内容，写出一个句子1 2 31

49、.When Lucy and her mother walking along the2.the street,they found a wallet.Lucy and her mother walking along the the street when they found a wallet.过去完成时过去完成时形式：形式：用法：过去完成时是用来表示在某一个过去动作用法：过去完成时是用来表示在某一个过去动作之前就已经完成了的另一个动作或存在的状态。之前就已经完成了的另一个动作或存在的状态。过去完成时常用的时间状语有过去完成时常用的时间状语有 by the end of last year

50、;by the time sb.+动词过去式动词过去式;表示过去的表示过去的时间状语从句时间状语从句 1.By the end of last term,we had learned 5000 2.new words.2.The bus had already left by the time I got there.3.When I woke up,it had already stopped raining.4.She didnt go to bed until she had finished her work.had done过去完成时的用法过去完成时的用法(一一)：叙述过去发生的事情