（备战）高考英语语法备考课件-被动语态考点.ppt

1、被动语态考点被动语态考点 被动语态的被动语态的考点考点：看起来是被动的而要用主动：看起来是被动的而要用主动来表示来表示1.read,sell,write,last,dry,tear 等动词，在表示等动词，在表示主语的某种特性时主语的某种特性时 sell well(畅销，好卖畅销，好卖),break easily(容易容易断断),tear easily(容易破容易破),write well(好写好写),read well(好读好读),dry easily(容易干容易干),wash well(好好洗洗),last well(耐穿耐穿)，1)His books sell well.(他的书好卖他的书

2、好卖)2)Paper tears easily in wet weather.(纸在潮湿的气候下容易破纸在潮湿的气候下容易破）3)This kind of jeans lasts well.(这种牛仔裤耐穿这种牛仔裤耐穿)4)My pen writes well.(.(我的笔好写我的笔好写)5)The poem by him reads well.(.(他写的诗好读他写的诗好读)2.prove（证明，证实证明，证实）作作“证实证实”时可以用于被动语态；作时可以用于被动语态；作“证明证明”时不用于被动语时不用于被动语态（但在阅读中我们也会见到用被动的情况）态（但在阅读中我们也会见到用被动的情况）

3、1)His theory was proved last year.(他的理论去年得到了证实他的理论去年得到了证实)2)Your answer proved(to be)right.(你的答案证明是对的你的答案证明是对的)3)You prove(to be)an honest man.(你证明是个诚实的人你证明是个诚实的人)3.want/need/require(需要需要)谓语动词是谓语动词是“需要需要”，后面跟动词作宾语且与句子主语是逻辑，后面跟动词作宾语且与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，要么用上的动宾关系，要么用doing,要么用要么用to be done1)Our classroom ne

4、eds cleaning/to be cleaned every day.(我们教室需要每天打扫我们教室需要每天打扫)2)The old man wants looking after/to be looked after.(这位老人需要照顾这位老人需要照顾)3)Your hair requires cutting/to be cut.(你的头发需要理了你的头发需要理了)4.worth/worthy(值得的值得的)be worth doing(值得做值得做)/be well worth doing(很值得做很值得做)1)The book is worth reading.(这本书值得读这本书值

5、得读)2)The TV play by him is well worth watching.(他演的电视剧很值得看他演的电视剧很值得看)be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done(值得值得做做)1)The book is worthy to be read.2)The book is worthy of being read.worthwhile(值得的值得的)1)Its worthwhile doing/to do sth.(做某事值得做某事值得)Its worthwhile watching TV/to watch TV.(看电视值得看电视值

6、得)2)Its worth ones while to do sth.(某人做某事值得某人做某事值得）Its worth your while to watch TV.(你看电视值得你看电视值得)我们学校值得参观我们学校值得参观。1)Our school is worth visiting.2)Our school is worth a visit.3)Our school is worthy to be visited.4)Our school is worthy of being visited.5)Our school is worthy of a visit.5.be to seek(

7、寻找寻找),be to let(出租出租),be to blame(应该受到应该受到责备责备)1)The cause is to seek.(原因在寻找原因在寻找)2)The room is to let.(此房出租此房出租)3)The girl was to blame yesterday.(那女孩昨天应该受到那女孩昨天应该受到责备责备)6.look(看起来看起来),taste(尝起来尝起来),smell(闻起来闻起来),sound(听起来听起来),),feel(摸起来摸起来)三个注意点：三个注意点：a.a.后面跟形容词作表语后面跟形容词作表语 b.b.看起来时正在进行的动作而要用一般时看起

8、来时正在进行的动作而要用一般时 c.c.看起来是被动的动作要用主动来表示看起来是被动的动作要用主动来表示1)Her voice sounds beautiful.(她声音听起来美她声音听起来美)2)The dish tastes bitter.(这道菜尝起来苦这道菜尝起来苦)3)The flower smells sweet.(这花闻起来有芬芳味这花闻起来有芬芳味)4)The board feels smooth.(这板子摸起来光滑这板子摸起来光滑)5)He looks pale.(他看起来脸色苍白他看起来脸色苍白)7.不定式作定语的三种情况不定式作定语的三种情况1)当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑

9、上的主谓关系时用主动式当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的主谓关系时用主动式 They made some candles to give light.2)当当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的动宾关系时用被动式前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的动宾关系时用被动式 Do you have anything to be taken there?3)当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的动宾关系但与句中另当前面的名词和不定式是逻辑上的动宾关系但与句中另一名词或者代词又是主谓关系时用主动式表被动含义一名词或者代词又是主谓关系时用主动式表被动含义 Please give me some bread to eat.I have

10、much homework to do.看看下面句子的区别：看看下面句子的区别：1)Im going to the post office.Do you have a letter to be sent?2)Are you going to the post office this afternoon.Do you have a letter to send?8.8.某些形容词作表语后面跟动词不定式某些形容词作表语后面跟动词不定式,且不定式和句且不定式和句子主语具有逻辑上的动宾关系时用主动式表被动含义。子主语具有逻辑上的动宾关系时用主动式表被动含义。1)The question is easy

11、 to answer.但如果后面加上但如果后面加上by sb.时仍用被动式。时仍用被动式。The question is easy to be answered by me.2)The box is too heavy to move.3)My coat is too large to wear.但是但是:形容词的意思不完整时仍然用被动表被动形容词的意思不完整时仍然用被动表被动 All invaders are sure to be punished.9.9.表示开始和结束的动词常用主动表被动（表示开始和结束的动词常用主动表被动（begin,start,finish,end,close,ope

12、n.）Class begins at 6:30 every day The shop closes at 6 sharp every Sunday10.cook,print,bind 等动词的进行时态用主动表被动含义。等动词的进行时态用主动表被动含义。1)The paper is printing.2)My book is binding.3)The meat is cooking.11.get+done也属于被动结构也属于被动结构 get burnt(烧焦，晒黑烧焦，晒黑)get lost(迷路迷路)get dressed(穿衣服穿衣服)get changed(换衣服换衣服)get sepa

13、rated(分开分开)get drunk(喝醉喝醉)get engaged(订婚订婚)get married(结婚结婚)get hurt(受到伤害受到伤害)get paid(得报酬得报酬)get stuck=get caught(陷入困境陷入困境)12.under+n.表被动表被动 under construction(在建设中在建设中)under arrest(被捕被捕)under discussion(在讨论中在讨论中)under treatment(在治疗中在治疗中)under repair(在修理在修理)under fire(受到攻击受到攻击)under attack(受到进攻受到进攻

14、）under control(被控制住被控制住）.13.一些介词短语含被动含义一些介词短语含被动含义 in sight（看得见看得见）out of sight（看不见看不见）out of control(失控失控)on show（在展览在展览）on sale（在甩卖在甩卖）out of repair（失修失修）beyond description（难以描绘难以描绘）beyond imagination (难以想象难以想象)beyond control (难以控制难以控制)14.14.下列动词下列动词(短语短语)不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态 happen(发生发生)remain(剩下剩下)d

15、isappear(消失消失)break out(发生，爆发发生，爆发)take place(发生发生)belong to(属于属于)give out(精疲力竭精疲力竭)come about(发生发生)The story happened in 1949.Ten yuan remained last week.(上个星期剩十元上个星期剩十元)Its true that my book disappeared yesterday.A big fire broke out last year in China.Great changes have taken place here.That TV s

16、et belongs to her.They gave out after studying a long time.(学了很长时间后学了很长时间后他们精疲力竭他们精疲力竭)How did the story come about?(这个故事是怎样发生的？这个故事是怎样发生的？)注意此句型：注意此句型：How does/did it come about that?(是怎么回事？是怎么回事？)How does it come about that you always sleep in class?(你在课堂上总是睡觉是怎么回事？）你在课堂上总是睡觉是怎么回事？）How did it come

17、 about that he didnt come yesterday?（他昨天没有来是怎么回事？）他昨天没有来是怎么回事？）注意：注意：run out(被用完被用完)没有被动语态没有被动语态,come up(被提出被提出)没没有被动语态有被动语态run out of(用完用完)但不用于被动语态但不用于被动语态come up with(提出提出)但也不用于被动语态但也不用于被动语态1)My money has run out.2)I have run out of my money.不说不说：My money has been run out of.3)The question came up at the meeting.4)We came up with the question at the meeting.不说不说：The question was come up with at the meeting.