高考英语语法之名词性从句总结-共34张课件.ppt

1、名词性从句总结1.名词：定义：表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称分类：专有名词：表示具体的人，事物，地点，团体或机构的专有名称 China(中国)、Asia(亚洲)普通名词：个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词功能：1.名词：功能：主语：Tom is a boy.表语:He is a boy.同位语:He,my brother,is a boy.宾语:I want tomatoes.宾补:I will make my room a beautiful place.状语:I usually stay at home Sundays.定语:There is an apple tree.2.

2、名词性从句定义：在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。分类：主语从句：When we will start is not clear.宾语从句：Her wont believe that her son has become a thief.表语从句：My idea is that we should do it right now.同位语从句：I had no idea that you were her friend.语序：陈述语序引导词：连接词：that,whether,if 连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：w

3、hen,where,how,why 2.名词性从句引导词：连接词：that,whether,if (在从句中没有充当成分；起连接作用)连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.（连接主句和从句，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语）连接副词：when,where,how,why （连接主句和从句，在从句中充当状语）3.主语从句定义：在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句。位置：可以位于句首，也可用形式主语it放在句首，主语从句放在句末。What he wants to tell us is not clear.It happened that the

4、two cheats were there.引导词：连接词：that,whether,if That she survived the accident is a miracle.Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.It is still unknown whether/if the plan will be carried out.引导词：连接词：that,whether,if 连接代词：What she saw frightened her.Who has broken the glass is unknown.Who

5、m we should serve is an important question.Which design is the best must be tried in practice.Whose watch was lost is unknown.连接副词：When the contest will be held still needs to be discussed.Where the contest will be held still needs discussing.How the speech contest will be held still needs discussin

6、g.Why the sun rises in the east is interesting.用it作形式主语的结构:1.It+be+adj+主语从句 (necessary/important/obvious/certain/natural)It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.2.It+be+n+主语从句 (a pity/a shame/no wonder/an honour/no surprise)It is a pity that we wont go to the south.3.It i

7、s/was done+主语从句 (believed/reported/said/thought/expected/known)It is said that he has gone to shanghai.4.It vi+主语从句 (appears/seems/happens/matters/occurred to)It happened that the two cheats were there.主语从句中的虚拟语气在it作形式主语，that从句做真正主语的情况下，谓语动词可用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，如：It+be+n+主语从句Its a pity that we(should

8、)not pass the exam.It+be+adj+主语从句Its important that we(should)study hard.It is/was done+主语从句（过去分词意为坚持、命令、建议、要求、督促）（过去分词意为坚持、命令、建议、要求、督促）Its suggested that our students(should)help my patents do some housework.主语从句的主谓一致1.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。That he stole a bike was true.2.如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复

9、数形式。When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown.3.what 引导的从句根据表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数.What we need are booksWhat we need is water.主语从句中的虚拟语气在it作形式主语，that从句做真正主语的情况下，谓语动词可用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，如：Its a pity that we(should)not pass the exam.Its important that we(should)study hard.Its s

10、uggested that our students(should)help my patents do some housework.练习1._ she was chosen monitor made her excited.A.WhatB.That C.If D.Whether 2._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.That C.Whether D.Where B C练习3._ would like to devote his whole life to his country should be praise

11、d.A.WhoB.Whoever C.Whatever D.Where4._ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Whatever C.Who D.Whoever.BA高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT练习5._ Li Bai was born is known to the public,but some wont accept it.A.ThatB.WhyC.Where D.How6._we understand thin

12、gs has a lot to do with what we feel.A.Where B.How C.Why D.WhenCB高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT4.宾语从句定义：在句中作宾语的句子叫宾语从句。位置：动词的宾语从句 I wonder if I should go to see him.介词的宾语从句 He was surprised at what she said.形容词的宾语从句 I am sorry that I am late.引导词：连接词：that,whether,if He said(that)he want

13、ed to stay at home.I wonder if/whether I can get some advice from you.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT引导词：连接词：that,whether,if 连接代词：I want to know what he has told you.I dont know who he is.I dont know whom you mean.I wondered whose the coat it was.I dont know which book is yours.连接副词：He

14、asked why he had to go alone.You dont know when you are lucky.I asked how he was getting on.Id like to know where the contest will be held.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT宾语从句虚拟语气 “持令建球都”后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(should)+doI suggest that we should go tomorrow.The doctor insists that I（should）give up

15、 smoking.The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days.注意：注意：如果suggest作“表明、暗示”讲,insist作“坚持说、坚持认为”讲，则其后的宾语从句中应该用陈述语气陈述语气。高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT否定转移 当主句谓语动词是 think,believe,suppose,expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定not转移至主句。I suppose that it is true.我认为那是真的。否定：I dont s

16、uppose that it is true.我认为那不是真的高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。The headmaster hopes that everything goes well.2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。She was sorry that she hadnt finished her work on time.3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者规律事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。The teacher told his

17、class that light travels faster than sound.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPTdoubt后跟宾语从句：肯定形式后接whether/if从句，I doubt whether/if he can speak English.否定和疑问形式后接that从句。I dont doubt that he can speak.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPTdoubt后跟宾语从句：肯定形式后接whether/if从句，I doubt whether/if h

18、e can speak English.否定和疑问形式后接that从句。I dont doubt that he can speak.be sure后跟宾语从句：肯定和疑问形式后接that从句，Im sure that he can do it well.Are you sure that he is a teacher?否定形式后接whether/if从句。Im not sure whether/if the news is true.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT练 习1.I am sure _ you said is true.A

19、.what B.that C.which D.who2.They dont know _ their parents are.A.that B.what C.why D.which3.It makes no difference _.A.whether will you come tomorrow.B.Whether or not will be pass the exam C.If he will come to the meeting or notD.Whether he will come to the meeting or notABD高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英

20、语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT5.表语从句定义：在句中作表语的句子叫表语从句。系动词：状态系动词:be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)感官系动词:feel,look,taste,smell,sound 表像系动词:seem,appear,持续系动词:stand,lie,remain,keep,stay 变化系动词:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall 终止系动词:prove,turn out高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT引导词：连接词：that,whether,

21、as if,as though The fact is that he hasnt yet recover from illness.The question is whether we can rely on him.He looked as if he was going to cry.It looks as if it was going to rain.连接代词：who,whom,what,which,whose The problem is who could do the work.My trouble is who(whom)I can turn to.That was what

22、 she did this morning.The question is which he will choose.The question is whose shirt this is.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT引导词：连接词：that,whether,as if,as though 连接代词：who,whom,what,which,whose 连接副词：when,where,why,because,how:The problem is when we can get a pay rise.This is where he li

23、ves That is why I came.It is because you eat too much.The question is how you can finish it in one hour.主语：当主语是reason 时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。The reason is that+从句.It/This/That is because从句.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT表语从句虚拟语气 在表示“持令建球都”含义的名词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气(should)+do常见的词有：advice，sugge

24、stion，order，proposal，request,plan，idea等My suggestion is that we（should）start early tomorrow.Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown.The demand is that the composition(should)be written on one side only.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT在as if,as though 等引导表语从句中

25、：1.表示动作与事实相一致时,要用陈述语气。如：It looks as if well be late.2.强调动作与事实相反或不太可能发生时，表语从句可用虚拟语气，It seems as though the meeting would never end.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT1.Thats _ the Party called on us to do.A.why B.what C.how D.that 2.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A.becau

26、se B.why C.that D.Whether3.That is _ they separated.A.that B.what C.which D.where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.when 高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT6.同位语从句：定义：在句中作同位语的句子叫同位语从句。能跟同位语从句的名词：fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish,promise,an

27、swer,evidence,report,explanation,suggestion,conclusion等抽象名词引导词：连接词：that,whether,The news that our team has won the match is true.There is some doubt whether John will come on time.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT引导词：连接词：that,whether 连接代词：what,whose,who,whom,(which)The question who should

28、 clean the room has been solved.I have no idea what he is up to now.I have no idea whose watch it is.The problem whom he would take the place of was discussed in the meeting over and over again.连接副词：They have no idea when I will go back.I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea why he gave up.

29、I have no impression how he went home.高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT同位语从句虚拟语气 在名词suggestion,order,demand,command,request等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)do”的形式。The order that all the soldiers(should)set off at once was given by the general.所有士兵立刻动身出发的命令是由将军下达的。The suggestion that everyone

30、(should)make efforts to beautify our campus is necessary.每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是必要的。高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT名词doubt与同位语从句：用于肯定句中，其后面的同位语从句用whether引导；We have some doubt whether he can win the first place in the competition.用于否定句中，其后面的同位语从句用that引导。There is no doubt that he will come.高考英语语

31、法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT同位语从句定语从句功能不同对名词加以补充说明与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用that不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略 The news that our team has won the match is true.作主语或宾语，起连接作用；作从句的宾语时可省略The news that he told me is true.whether/how/what起连接作用，其中whether不作成分，而how和what作成分不引导定语从句其他wh类词作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词无关作成分；起连接作

32、用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分同位语从句和定语从句区别 高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句I have no idea when they will come to Shanghai？The information that you got yesterday is very useful.The information that you gave me yesterday is very useful.We all have those unforgettable days when we together had a meaningful time.同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT高考英语语法之名词性从句总结 共34张PPT