高考英语-语法填空解题技巧课件PPt(共25张).ppt

1、语法填空语法填空 How to fufill the task How to fufill the task Grammatical Cloze Grammatical Cloze1What?How?题目要求：题目要求：1.1.选材选材：200200词左右，话题贴近学生生活。词左右，话题贴近学生生活。考点设置：考点设置：词法、句法和逻辑关系方面的知识。词法、句法和逻辑关系方面的知识。2.2.分值：共分值：共1010小题，满分小题，满分1515分。建议用时：分。建议用时：8-10mins8-10mins 命题形式命题形式：_；_。3.3.能力考查：能力考查：理解语篇、句子结构理解语篇、句子结构

2、运用语法、单词拼写运用语法、单词拼写 无提示词无提示词有提示词有提示词 2PossibleProceduresTip-given单词提示题单词提示题No-tips纯空格题纯空格题art.冠词冠词prep.介词介词pron.代词代词conj.连词连词v.谓词谓词adj./adv.形形/副词副词n.名词名词3全国全国卷卷IIII有提示词有提示词(Tips-given)(Tips-given)无提示词无提示词(No-tips)(No-tips)动词 v.名词n.数adj./adv.词性转换冠词 art.介词prep.连词conj.代词pron.谓语非谓20182018has grown,start(

3、ed)to improve,feedingactual(ly)pollut(ion),glob(al)the than,that/whichit20172017were used,managedlayingcrowdsfairlyintroduction,successfulthefrom it20162016is,maketo bringstudiesregularlygreater,achievmentaonas42018纯空格纯空格 _冠词冠词 art.介词介词prep.代词代词pron.连词连词conj.卷卷Iitthan,that/which卷卷IIthethan,that/whic

4、h卷卷IIItheforthemwho设设3-4题题每空一词每空一词56Skill 1:Skill 1:名词前，若无其他限定词（如：形容词性物主代词名词前，若无其他限定词（如：形容词性物主代词mymy、不定代词不定代词anyany、指示代词、指示代词thisthis），通常填），通常填 _。卷卷2 2）over _ past 25 yearsover _ past 25 years卷卷3 3）at _ top of her lungs(at _ top of her lungs(用最大声音地用最大声音地)1717）As_ result;As_ result;as _ modelas _ mod

5、el典范典范1616）_ other;for _ while_ other;for _ while1515）_ most modern_ most modern；1414）_ most outstanding_ most outstandingSkill 2:Skill 2:句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定填或代词前面，一定填 _ _。卷卷3 3）I was searching _ I was searching _ thesethese 3 gorillas.3 gorillas.纯空格纯空格:冠？介？连？代？冠

6、？介？连？代？thethethethe冠冠 词词 (常放在名词前常放在名词前,说明名词类别、数量说明名词类别、数量)不定不定/定冠词的定冠词的区分：区分：固定搭配？特指？固定搭配？特指？泛指？词首是否泛指？词首是否元音音标？元音音标？forfor7Skill 2:Skill 2:句子不缺句子不缺成分（成分（动词后不缺宾语动词后不缺宾语），），名词名词前、及物动前、及物动词后词后，一定填，一定填 _ _。卷卷3 3）I was searching _ these 3 gorillas.I was searching _ these 3 gorillas.1717）_ a method _ a m

7、ethod 作为一种方法作为一种方法;travelled travelled toto and and _ _ work.work.get a degree get a degree _ _ engineeringengineering工程学工程学.1616）goes back goes back _；focusedfocused_；eateat _ _ their hands.their hands.1515）fly to Guilin,.only an hour away _ car.fly to Guilin,.only an hour away _ car._ _ the same t

8、imethe same time，1414）next _ the window.next _ the window.介介 词词 (不单独作句子成分，常用于名或动词不单独作句子成分，常用于名或动词搭配搭配,表词与词、与句之间关系的一种虚词表词与词、与句之间关系的一种虚词)fromfrombybywithwithasas8Skill Skill 3 3:缺成分缺成分(主语或宾语主语或宾语)，请思考，请思考 _。卷卷3 3）I was just glad to find _(they)alive.I was just glad to find _(they)alive.1717）The railwa

9、y.people were using _ every day.The railway.people were using _ every day.Skill Skill 4 4:连接两句连接两句(一套主谓算一个句子一套主谓算一个句子)用用 _,注意：两句注意：两句间没有连词，或表连接的标点符号：间没有连词，或表连接的标点符号：-。1616）the cultures of China,Japan,Korea,_ Vietnamthe cultures of China,Japan,Korea,_ Vietnam.1414）.changed in a few days _ even a few

10、months.changed in a few days _ even a few months.卷卷1)it1)itis is more effectivemore effective at lengthening life at lengthening life_ _ walkingwalking.卷卷2)2)Corn uses Corn uses lessless water water _ rice rice.1616）as productive _ possible;as productive _ possible;_ _ the population grew,.the popul

11、ation grew,.代代 词词（代替名词或（代替名词或一句话的一种词类）一句话的一种词类）themthemit it并列连词并列连词(并列句并列句)从属连词从属连词(名名 状从状从)或关系词或关系词(定从定从)andandAsAsasasoror91515）the Indians figured out(_the Indians figured out(_ thick thick the walls needed to be the walls needed to be to to make make the cycle work on most days.the cycle work o

12、n most days.卷卷3)3)Im not sure(_ is more frightenedIm not sure(_ is more frightened，me or the gorillame or the gorilla？)卷卷1).1).made made a studya study (published in 2014published in 2014)(_(_ showed showed running reduced the risk of heart disease running reduced the risk of heart disease.).)卷卷2)2)

13、.started.started a program a program (_(_ gives recommendations to farmersgives recommendations to farmers.).)1717）it is possible to have it is possible to have bothboth,(_ is not good for the health._ is not good for the health.)But But SarahSarah,(_ has taken part in shows_ has taken part in shows

14、)wants wantsto to prove prove.1616）The scholar The scholar ConfuciusConfucius,(,(_ _ lived from 551 to 479 B.C.),lived from 551 to 479 B.C.),influenced the development of chopsticks.influenced the development of chopsticks.in .in the mid-1980sthe mid-1980s,(_ I was the first reporter.),(_ I was the

15、first reporter.)howhowwhowhowhich/thatwhich/that102018有单词提示有单词提示 _(ABC)_(ABC)动词动词 v.名词名词n.数数adj./adv.词性转换词性转换谓语谓语非谓语非谓语卷Iisto see,dyingcausesenergeticlonger,strengthen卷IIhas grown,startedto improve,feedingpollutionactually,global卷IIImeantlooking,to stayscientistchallengedloudest设设6-7题题 (每空最多每空最多3词词)

16、11Skill 1:若句中没有别的谓语动词，此时所给动词就用谓若句中没有别的谓语动词，此时所给动词就用谓语语形式：形式：语态语态 、时态时态 _ _、人人称数称数。卷卷2 2）Between 2005 Between 2005-when the government _ -when the government _(start)a soil-testing program.(start)a soil-testing program.卷卷3 3）I I was was just glad to find them alive.The huge just glad to find them ali

17、ve.The huge animalanimal _ _(mean)me no real harm.(mean)me no real harm.卷卷2 2）Since 2011Since 2011,the country,the country_ _(grow)(grow)more corn than rice.more corn than rice.1616）Why Why wouldwould she not want to tell me about what she not want to tell me about what she she _(do)?_(do)?startedst

18、artedmeantmeanthad donehad done时间状语、前后语境、文体has grownhas grown（常见不规则动词，如（常见不规则动词，如 catchcatch、dodo、hearhear、holdhold等）等）121515）It It was raining was raining lightlylightly when Iwhen I _ _(arrive)in(arrive)in Yangshuo Yangshuo.YangshuoYangshuo _ _(be)really beautiful.(be)really beautiful.1515）This cy

19、cleThis cycle循环循环_(go)_(go)day after dayday after day.1717）S School chool _ _(come)first(come)first 第一、优先第一、优先.被动被动语态语态 _ 1616）Truly elegant chopsticks Truly elegant chopsticks mightmight _ _(make)(make)of of gold and silver with Chinese characters.gold and silver with Chinese characters.1717）SarahS

20、arah_ _(tell)that she could be Britains(tell)that she could be Britains new supermodel.new supermodel.arrivedarrivedisisgoesgoescomescomesbe madebe madewas/has been toldwas/has been toldbe+vt.-ed be+vt.-ed。及物动词后有介词么？有宾语么？及物动词后有介词么？有宾语么？不及物动词不及物动词vi.vi.如：如：happenhappen、growgrow、riserise；turn out.turn

21、 out.；tastetaste good;good;sellsell well;need well;need doingdoing;worth;worth doingdoing;interesting;interesting to readto read;13人称数人称数 _1717）Fast foodFast food_ _(be)full of fat and salt.(be)full of fat and salt.1717）When fat When fat andand salt_(remove)from food.salt_(remove)from food.1616）(Lea

22、ving Leaving the less important things until the less important things until tomorrow)tomorrow)_(be)often acceptable_(be)often acceptable可接受的可接受的.(Going to bed and getting up early)_ a good habit.(Going to bed and getting up early)_ a good habit.The(singer and dancer)_ invited to the party.The(singe

23、r and dancer)_ invited to the party.(注意：注意：两个名词两个名词并列并列表示的表示的是是完整或成套的东西完整或成套的东西,或表同一个人或表同一个人或一种概念时或一种概念时,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数.).)isis主主谓一致谓一致isisare removedare removed14 多个动词并列，多个动词并列，1)1)形式与谁一致，形式与谁一致，2 2）谓语与非谓语的辨析）谓语与非谓语的辨析：卷卷3 3）Confucius Confucius believedbelieved(that)knives (that)knives would remind

24、would remind people of killings people of killings andand _(be)too violent for _(be)too violent for use at the table.use at the table.对比对比1 1：When I was a kid,I When I was a kid,I used toused to spend hours spend hours listeninglistening to to Michael JacksonMichael Jackson andand _(dream)_(dream)of

25、 becoming a great singer.of becoming a great singer.改错改错3 3：Mrs.Green Mrs.Green went to went to the market,the market,buyingbuying some some fruit fruit and visitedand visited her cousin.her cousin.改错改错4 4：HeHe sat sat therethereininsilence,silence,lookedlooked sad and sad and doing doing nothing.no

26、thing.wereweredreamtdreamtboughtboughtlookinglooking15Skill 2：非谓语动词（-ing，-ed，或不定式to do）若所给动词:1）作修饰词（定语宾补）；2）在非句子中；3）句中已有谓语动词，与其无法并列。14)these14)these _ _ _(amaze)(amaze)storiesstories.15).for 15).for peoplepeople _ _(live)in Shanghai and HK.(live)in Shanghai and HK.卷卷2)China2)China s approachs approa

27、ch方法方法to protecting its environment to protecting its environment while while _(feed)its citizens_(feed)its citizens.(.(同时养活国民同时养活国民)17)This17)This included included digging up the road,digging up the road,_ _(lay)the track(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over the top.and then building

28、 a strong roof over the top.17)People probably17)People probably cooked cooked their food in large pots,their food in large pots,_ _(use)twigs(use)twigs树枝树枝 to remove it.to remove it.(V.-ing，表主动、进行)amazingamazinglivinglivingfeedingfeedinglayinglayingusingusing16（V.-ed，表被动、完成）15)15)The The 土坯房土坯房 _(b

29、uild)_(build)byby the Indians the Indians are admired byare admired by by by even the most modern of architects and engineerseven the most modern of architects and engineers卷卷3)3)S So he doesnt o he doesnt feelfeel _ _(challenge).(challenge).14).14).lookedlooked very anxious and very anxious and _ _

30、(disappoint)(disappoint).(不定式to do，表目的、未发生)卷卷1)1)You dont have to run for longYou dont have to run for long _ _(see)the benefit.(see)the benefit.卷卷2)2)The government The government encourages encourages farmers farmers to to grow corn instead grow corn instead of riceof rice,_ _(improve)water qualit

31、y.(improve)water quality.17)Skilled workers also 17)Skilled workers also combinecombine various hardwoods various hardwoods and and metal metal _(create)special designs.(create)special designs.卷卷3)he 3)he allowed allowed me _(stay)and watch.me _(stay)and watch.builtbuiltchallengedchallengeddisappoin

32、teddisappointedto seeto seeto improveto improveto stayto stayto createto create17卷卷3)3)avoid avoid _ _(look)(look)14).14).keptkept _ _ _(ride).(ride).17).17).spendingspending half-term _ half-term _ _(rest).(rest).卷卷1)reduce your risk 1)reduce your risk of of _ _(die)early by running.(die)early by r

33、unning.17)17)byby _ _ _(eat)fast food,people will get salt and fat.(eat)fast food,people will get salt and fat.15)15)withoutwithout _ _(_(useuse)electric equipment.electric equipment.16)My duties 16)My duties will includewill include _ _(introduce)British visitors.(introduce)British visitors.17)They

34、 17)They are requiredare required _ _(process)the food that we eat.(process)the food that we eat.16)Youll 16)Youll be less likelybe less likely_ _(bring)your work home.(bring)your work home.15).are now 15).are now cold enoughcold enough _ _(cool)the house(cool)the house17).17).wants wants _ _(prove)

35、;14).prove);14).refused refused _ _(stop)(stop)16)16)Whatever Whatever it is,_(make)sure its a reliefit is,_(make)sure its a relief解脱解脱 from from daily stress daily stress rather thanrather than another thing to worry about.another thing to worry about.从句从句 主句：主句：单句单句(主谓主谓)、祈使句、祈使句(V(V原放句首原放句首)18Ski

36、ll 3:修饰名词，表性质,状态,和特征。常用 _,作定语,表语(be/系动词+adj.)，宾补、状语等。15)As 15)As _ _(nature)architects(nature)architects；卷卷2)2)_ _(globe)(globe)issues issues卷卷1)Running 1)Running is is alwaysalways_ _(energy)(energy).17)However,17)However,bebe _(care)_(care)；14)Just be14)Just be_(patience).(patience).the the oldold

37、 一类人；一类人；something something newnew;How ;How busybusy+句子句子 keep our classroom keep our classroom cleanclean.I went to bed.I went to bed，hungryhungry.卷卷3)He screams the3)He screams the_(loud)of all.(loud)of all.15)15)_(long)than (long)than.17)Even.17)Even _(bad)_(bad)carefulcarefulenergetic (energeti

38、c (使人使人)充满活力的充满活力的naturalnaturalglobalglobal（形容词常考（形容词常考前前 后缀参见步步高后缀参见步步高P273-274P273-274）形容词形容词 adj.adj.patientpatient以-ee,-oe,-ye，-ge-ce补充：补充：muchmuchbetterbetter 、a better ideaa better idea、cantcant be be worseworseThe The moremore，the the betterbetter.LessLess is is moremore.少既是多少既是多。loudestloud

39、estlongerlongerworseworse19Skill 4:修饰动词v.形容词adj.其他副词或全句，用_,位置灵活，可表时间、地点、原因、程度、方式等概念。15)it15)it _(regular)_(regular)arranges arranges quick getaways for peoplequick getaways for people16).16).taketake short breaks short breaks _(regular)._(regular).17)it must have been _(fair)17)it must have been _(f

40、air)unpleasant unpleasant for the passengers.for the passengers.卷卷2)A taste for meat 2)A taste for meat is is _ _(actual)behind the change(actual)behind the change.(14).(14)17)It 17)It is is _(certain)fun but the lifestyle is unreal._(certain)fun but the lifestyle is unreal.16)The title will 16)The

41、title will bebe _ _(official)(official)givengiven to me at a ceremony.to me at a ceremony.副词副词 adj.adj.regularlyregularlyregularlyregularlyactuallyactuallyofficially officially 正式地正式地fairly fairly 非常地非常地certainly certainly 一定地一定地adj.adj.变变 adv.adv.规则：规则：1 1）词尾无特殊情况：词尾无特殊情况：+ly+ly：fortunate fortunate

42、、finalfinal2 2）词尾是词尾是y y：变变y y为为i i，+ly+ly：happyhappy、luckylucky、easy(easy(除除shy)shy)3 3）词尾是词尾是lele：去去e e，+y+y：simplesimple、gentlegentle、possiblepossible4 4）whole-wholly;whole-wholly;ture-turly ture-turly 20Skill 5:分析完整的前后句语境，把握各种词性转换：变动词变动词v.v.卷卷1)1)to to _ (strength)your leg muscles (strength)your

43、 leg muscles肌肉肌肉.变名词变名词n.n.卷卷3)a3)a_(science)(science)；卷卷2)decreased 2)decreased _ (pollute)(pollute)17)17)with the with the _ (introduce)(introduce)；with her with her _ (educate).(educate).16)the _16)the _(develop)of chopsticks.;develop)of chopsticks.;a sense ofa sense of_(achieve)(achieve)16)P16)P

44、andas are its top andas are its top _ (attract).(attract).15)15)their their _(able)to (able)to“air conditionair condition”a housea house.(是否是否n.n.复数？复数？)卷卷1)heart disease and early deaths from all1)heart disease and early deaths from all_(cause).(cause).15)15)so many Chinese so many Chinese _(painti

45、ng).painting).16)16)RecentRecent_ (study)(study)17)17)some sidesome side_(effect)effect);several;several _ (invitation)(invitation)17)17)avoid terrible avoid terrible _(crowd)on the roads(crowd)on the roads.21 新高考不是弱化语法考查，而是在新高考不是弱化语法考查，而是在语境中语境中考查考查语法、语法、语言语言知识的综合运用能力。知识的综合运用能力。学习建议：学习建议：1 1、词义、词义、

46、词性词性两手抓两手抓2 2、重点记忆、重点记忆动词、形容词动词、形容词 副词副词3 3、知晓基本的、知晓基本的前后缀前后缀构词法（名词、形容词）构词法（名词、形容词）4 4、常见短语、词组搭配要熟悉（冠词、介词）、常见短语、词组搭配要熟悉（冠词、介词）5 5、基本句子成分的掌握、基本句子成分的掌握、从句的划分（连词）从句的划分（连词）6 6、非谓语非谓语的使用的使用语境语境及及主被动主被动判断判断22解题思路解题思路How to do The Rational Close within a limited time?1.理解文意理解文意2.分析句子分析句子3.确定词汇确定词汇懂文意，明逻辑懂文意，明逻辑句子类型，主从句子类型，主从句，句子主干句，句子主干词义词义/词性词性/词形词形23命题形式命题形式 有提示词有提示词 无提示词无提示词谓语动词：时态，语态，主谓一致非谓语动词：V-ing，V-ed，to do动词：动词：形容词形容词/副词副词：单复数 所有格 词性转换 比较级、最高级 词性转换并列连词并列连词引导词引导词介词介词冠词冠词名词：名词：代词：代词：人称、物主、反身数词：数词：序数词、基数词2425