高中英语高考节日类话题—冬至课件.pptx

1、Winter Solstice Festival（冬至）IntroductionFalling around December 22nd,the Winter Solstice is one of the traditional Chinese festivals and also one of the 24 solar terms.solstice 词源词源：sol-(=sun太阳)+sistere(stand still,sta-“to stand”)，point at which the sun seems to stand still举一反三举一反三：词缀 sol-：solar 太阳的

2、；词根 sta-：stand 站立；establish 建立；确立fall 节假日输出表达必备词汇节假日输出表达必备词汇：降临；到来；(日期)适逢1.My birthday falls on a Monday this year.2.The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month,which marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.3.Harvest festivals are traditionally held on or near

3、 the Sunday of the Harvest Moon,which falls in September,about Sept.23.traditional Chinese festival 输出表达输出表达：中国传统节日24 solar terms 认知词块认知词块：二十四节气term：某事发生的时段/时期 Since the Spring and Autumn Period(770476 BC),by observing the movements of the sun with a sundial,China had determined the point of Winter

4、Solstice.On the day,the Northern hemisphere（北半球）has the shortest daytime and longest night-time.After the day,the daytime will become longer and longer.It became a festival from Han Dynasty(202 BC220 AD).People usually eat dumplings or tangyuan to celebrate the day.Fast Facts about Winter SolsticeWh

5、y the Chinese People celebrate Winter Solstice?The reason why the Chinese people celebrate the Winter solstice is related to the theory of Yin and Yang.According to the Chinese astrology（占星术）,Yang symbolizes masculine（阳刚）and positive;Yin has the opposite meanings.The ancient people think from the wi

6、nter solstice,the Yin is at its peak and will disappear gradually,while the Yang or positive things will become stronger and stronger from the day.So winter solstice is regarded as an auspicious（吉利的）day to celebrate.theory of Yin and Yang 认知词块认知词块：阴阳学说：阴阳学说文化知识拓展：文化知识拓展：Yin(dark,cold,female,negative

7、)and Yang(light,hot,male,positive)阴阳说阴阳说 是把是把 阴阴 和和 阳阳 看作事物内部看作事物内部的两种互相消长的协调力量，认为它是孕育天地万物的生成法则阴阳，的两种互相消长的协调力量，认为它是孕育天地万物的生成法则阴阳，代表一切事物的最基本对立面。一般来说，凡是剧烈运动着的、外向代表一切事物的最基本对立面。一般来说，凡是剧烈运动着的、外向的、上升的、温热的、明亮的，都属于阳的、上升的、温热的、明亮的，都属于阳;相对静止着的、内守的、下相对静止着的、内守的、下降的、寒冷、晦暗的，都属于阴。降的、寒冷、晦暗的，都属于阴。“五行说五行说”Five Element

8、s(water,fire,wood,metal,and earth)：是由是由 金、木、水、火、土五种基本元素金、木、水、火、土五种基本元素不断循环变化不断循环变化 的理论发展出的理论发展出 五行相生相克五行相生相克 的理念。的理念。symbolize 构词法构词法：象征；symbol（象征）+-ize（动词后缀）be related to 输出词块输出词块：与有关at sths peak 认知词块认知词块：处于某事物的顶峰while 语法点拨语法点拨：(表示对比)然而be regarded as 输出词块输出词块：被认为是Origin and HistoryThe winter solsti

9、ce festival was originated from the Han Dynasty(202 BC220 AD)and thrived（繁荣；兴盛）in the Tang and Song dynasties(6181279).People in the old times attached great importance to the festival.In Han Dynasty,the festival is regarded as the Winter Festival and people had one day off for the holiday.Officials

10、 organized the ceremonies to celebrate the day and people visited each other with delicious food.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,the day was to sacrifice to the heaven and the ancestors.The common people prayed at the tombs of their ancestors and deceased（已故的）relatives on the day.be originated fr

11、om 认知词块认知词块：起源于；originate 构词法：origin（起源）+-ate（动词后缀）attach great importance to 输出词块输出词块：对非常重视have/take one day off 输出词块输出词块：休假一天the common people 词块词块：平民百姓；普通人；老百姓sacrifice 熟词生义熟词生义：祭拜；献祭Traditions and CustomsTraditions and customs for the day vary in different areas of China.In the northern part of

12、China,people usually eat dumplings,wonton and mutton to celebrate the day.In the southern part,tangyuan and noodles are the festival food.In some places,people also sacrifice to the heaven and ancestors on the day.The dumpling is the essential food for people in northern China.After the winter solst

13、ice,it will become colder and colder.By eating dumplings,people think they can avoid their ears from being frostbitten as the dumplings look like peoples ear.vary 同义替换同义替换：不同(differ)frostbite 构词法构词法：frost（霜；冰冻）+bite（咬；刺痛），比喻用法，即冻伤StoryZhang Zhongjing（张仲景）(150-219),is a famous physician in Eastern Ha

14、n Dynasty.He was once an official in Changsha.When he returned home for private life,he saw people lived a very hard life and their ears were red with cold in the snowing winter.He was very sad and let his disciple cook to drive out the chill with mutton,hot pepper and some medicine.Zhang let him bo

15、il them first and cut them up,then wrap them with flour.After boiling,he gave the food to the people there.By eating this kind of ear-like food,peoples ears were all cured.Later,every winter solstice,people cook such kind of food which was called dumplings to avoid ears from being frozen.文化知识背景：文化知识

16、背景：张仲景张仲景(约公元约公元150219150219年年)，名机，字仲景，东汉南阳，名机，字仲景，东汉南阳郡涅阳县郡涅阳县(今河南邓州市今河南邓州市)人。东汉末年著名医学家，人。东汉末年著名医学家，被后人尊称为医圣，南阳五圣之一。张仲景广泛收集医被后人尊称为医圣，南阳五圣之一。张仲景广泛收集医方，写出了传世巨著伤寒杂病论。它确立的辨证论方，写出了传世巨著伤寒杂病论。它确立的辨证论治原则，是中医临床的基本原则，是中医的灵魂所在。治原则，是中医临床的基本原则，是中医的灵魂所在。在方剂学方面，伤寒杂病论也做出了巨大贡献，创在方剂学方面，伤寒杂病论也做出了巨大贡献，创造了很多剂型，记载了大量有效的

17、方剂。其所确立的六造了很多剂型，记载了大量有效的方剂。其所确立的六经辨证的治疗原则，受到历代医学家的推崇。经辨证的治疗原则，受到历代医学家的推崇。physician 正式用语正式用语：医生；内科医生：医生；内科医生red with cold 词块词块：冻得通红：冻得通红disciple 词源词源：from Latin discipulus“learner”,from discere“learn”门徒；弟子；同源词：门徒；弟子；同源词：discipline n 训练；管教；纪律训练；管教；纪律drive out 短语动词短语动词：驱除：驱除；小品词小品词out“去除；除掉；消失去除；除掉；消失”

18、，如，如put out 扑灭；扑灭；run out 用完，耗尽；用完，耗尽；cross out 划掉；删去划掉；删去drive out the chill 认知词块认知词块：驱寒：驱寒cut up 短语动词短语动词：切碎；小品词：切碎；小品词up“成碎片货分成几部分成碎片货分成几部分”，如，如tear up撕碎；撕碎；break up破碎破碎，分解分解，驱散驱散 文化知识拓展文化知识拓展24 solar terms 二十四节气二十四节气Based on the changes of the suns position in the zodiac throughout the year and

19、practical needs of agriculture in ancient China,the“24 solar terms”is an important kind of calendar in China.It indicates different periods of seasons,the changes of weather,some natural phenomena and more,guiding farmers in agriculture production greatly.Common people also follow the calendar to wa

20、tch out weather changes and live a healthy life.二十四节气是中国古代根据太阳在黄道带中位置的变化和农业生产的实二十四节气是中国古代根据太阳在黄道带中位置的变化和农业生产的实际需要而制定的一种重要历法。它反映了季节的不同时期、天气的变化、际需要而制定的一种重要历法。它反映了季节的不同时期、天气的变化、一些自然现象等，对农民的农业生产有很大的指导作用。老百姓也遵循一些自然现象等，对农民的农业生产有很大的指导作用。老百姓也遵循此日历此日历来观察天气变化，过着健康的生活。来观察天气变化，过着健康的生活。On November 30,2016,the UN

21、ESCO was inscribed Chinas The Twenty-Four Solar Terms on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.在国际气象界，二十四节气被誉为在国际气象界，二十四节气被誉为“中国的第五大发明中国的第五大发明”。20162016年年1111月月3030日，二十四节气被正式列入联合国教科文组织日，二十四节气被正式列入联合国教科文组织人类非物人类非物质文化遗产质文化遗产代表作名录。代表作名录。二十四节气二十四节气分别是：立春、雨水、惊蛰、春分、清明、谷雨、

22、立分别是：立春、雨水、惊蛰、春分、清明、谷雨、立夏、小满、芒种、夏至、小暑、大暑、立秋、处暑、白露、秋分、夏、小满、芒种、夏至、小暑、大暑、立秋、处暑、白露、秋分、寒露、霜降、立冬、小雪、大雪、冬至、小寒、大寒。寒露、霜降、立冬、小雪、大雪、冬至、小寒、大寒。Twenty-four Chinese Solar Terms in 2019/2020 Twenty-four Chinese Solar Terms in 2019/2020 Twenty-four Chinese Solar Terms in 2019/2020 Twenty-four Chinese Solar Terms in 2019/2020