2020高考英语必备知识点.pptx

1、2020高考英语必备知识点I came to realize that it was my classmates kind help and my teachers encouragement that contributed to my success.it was my classmates kind help and my teachers encouragement that contributed to my success.强调句中对主语进行强调强调句中对主语进行强调It is tai chi that has helped her understand the value of“

2、going slowly”.对主语进行强调对主语进行强调比较级的修饰语比较级的修饰语常见的比较级的修饰语有：常见的比较级的修饰语有：much,far,still,even,a lot,a bit,a great deal,slightly等修饰，表示程等修饰，表示程度，放在比较级之前。度，放在比较级之前。This movie is far more interesting than I expected.这部电影比我原想的有意思的多。这部电影比我原想的有意思的多。This car is much more expensive than I expected.翻译：这辆车比我们预期的要贵得多。翻

3、译：这辆车比我们预期的要贵得多。这个问题远比那个难。这个问题远比那个难。This problem is a lot more difficult than that one.翻译：这个问题比那个问题难得多。翻译：这个问题比那个问题难得多。After two years research,we now have a _ better understanding of the disease。A.very B.far C.fairly D.quiteB 就远一致原则就远一致原则：but,except,besides,including,like,as well as,as much as,no l

4、ess than,along/together/combined/with,in addition to,rather than Everybody except you is down on me.除了你，大家都看不起我。A woman with two children has come.John,rather than his roommates,is to blame.约翰，而不是他的室友，应该受到责备。Jim,together with his classmates,has seen the film.My father,no less than I,is a base-ball f

5、an.我的父亲不亚于我也是个棒球迷。就近就近一致一致原则原则：or,either.or,neither.nor,not.but,not only.but alsoHe or I am in the wrong,他或是我错了。Neither you nor he is tired.你和他都没累。Not you but I am to blame.不该怪你而该怪我。Either my father or my brothers are coming.不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the f

6、ilm.不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。语法填空解题思维导图语法填空解题思维导图 无提示词无提示词从句的引导词介词，介词短语应用代词转换，单复数并列连词冠词助动词、情态动词。固定搭配固定句型有提示词有提示词数词：序数词、基数词数词：序数词、基数词动词动词（谓语与非谓语）（谓语与非谓语）代词：人称代词，（形容词性、名代词：人称代词，（形容词性、名词性）物主代词，反身代词，关系词性）物主代词，反身代词，关系代词。代词。形容词、副词：考查原形容词、副词：考查原级、比较级，最高级，级、比较级，最高级，以及形容词副词直接的以及形容词副词直接的词性转换，或反义词转词性转换，或反义词转

7、换。换。名词：单复数，所名词：单复数，所有格，词性转换有格，词性转换基础夯实基础夯实自然语序和倒装语序自然语序和倒装语序1.We can learn English well only in this way.2.Only in this way can we learn English well.主语主语 +谓语谓语部分谓语部分谓语+主语主语+剩余谓语剩余谓语 自然语序自然语序倒装语序倒装语序方法技巧方法技巧 Only+状语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装状语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装1.Only in this way can he solve the problem.2.Only when t

8、he students study happily will they study efficiently.3.Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.4.Only then did he find out the truth.小结：小结：部分倒装：就是谓语的一部分位于主语前，部分倒装：就是谓语的一部分位于主语前，即：情态动词，助动词或即：情态动词，助动词或be动词动词+主语主语+谓语谓语剩余部分剩余部分.若原句中本身没有情态动词，若原句中本身没有情态动词，助动词或助动词或be动词时，就根据谓语动词动词时，就根据谓语动词的时态，在

9、主语前加的时态，在主语前加do,does或或did.方法技巧方法技巧 Only+状语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装状语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装1.We realized that we were wrong only then.Only then did we realize that we were wrong.2.You can succeed only by working hard.Only by working hard can you succeed.3.The villagers were able to return only when the war was over.Only

10、 when the war was over were the villagers able to return.注意注意 1.若原句中谓语本身没有情态动词，助动词或若原句中谓语本身没有情态动词，助动词或be动词时，则需找助动词动词时，则需找助动词do,does,did来帮助来帮助2.Only 所修饰的状语从句不倒装，主句倒装所修饰的状语从句不倒装，主句倒装Only after the war learned he the sad news.Only after the war did he learn the sad news.Only when did he return did we f

11、ind out the truth.Only when he returned did we find out the truth.注意注意 3.Only 修饰句子主语时，句子不倒装修饰句子主语时，句子不倒装Only can he answer the question.Only he can answer the question.经典试题经典试题 1.Only when I left my parents for Italy _ how much I loved them.A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I real

12、ize 解析解析 只有当我离开我父母去了意大利时，我才只有当我离开我父母去了意大利时，我才意识到我是多么爱他们。意识到我是多么爱他们。Only修饰的状语从句位于句首，主句部分倒装修饰的状语从句位于句首，主句部分倒装注意主句的时态要与从句相呼应。注意主句的时态要与从句相呼应。D经典试题经典试题 2.Only when _ in the afternoon _ able to leave.A.the match was over;they were B.was the match over;were they C.was the match over;they were D.the match w

13、as over;were they解析解析 只有在下午比赛结束后，他们才能离开。只有在下午比赛结束后，他们才能离开。Only修饰的状语从句位于句首，注意修饰的状语从句位于句首，注意 从句使用正常语序，主句要部分倒装。从句使用正常语序，主句要部分倒装。D经典试题经典试题 3.只有保护环境，我们才能拥有更美好的生活。只有保护环境，我们才能拥有更美好的生活。Only by protecting environment will we have a better life.Only if we protect environment,will we have a better life.强力总结强力总

14、结 1.Only+状语状语位于句首时，要位于句首时，要部分部分倒装。倒装。2.Only+状语状语位于句首时，位于句首时，从句不用倒装，从句不用倒装，只有主句倒装。只有主句倒装。3.Only+主语主语位于句首时，位于句首时，不不需要倒装。需要倒装。169 In 1 (tradition)Chinese culture,tai chi is often related to the Chinese idea of yin and yang,the idea that one can see two sides in everything.Once 2 a time,Taoist Zhang San

15、feng saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains in Hubei province.The snakes defense inspired him 3 (create)a set of 72 movements,which used 4 (soft)and power from inside to defeat violent force.For those 5 do it,tai chi can be practiced any time and anywhere without equipment or a gymnasi

16、um.And learning to do it 6 (correct)gives us a practical way to achieve such things as balance,motor control and rhythm(节奏）节奏）of movement.So it 7 (believe)that practicing tai chi can in some way help us stand,walk,move and run better.Tai chis benefits certainly go beyond physical ones.For MarleniCal

17、cina from Peru,who 8 (do)tai chi for over 10 years,its not only a sport,but also a way of life.And 9 is tai chi that has helped her understand the value of“going slowly”.Now,practicing tai chi is like 10 (speak)with her soul.1.traditional 2.upon 3.to create 4.softness 5.who 6.correctly 7.is believed

18、 8.has done 9.it10.speaking yet用作连词时，与but一样也主要用于转折，意为“但是”“而”：I have failed,yet I shall try again.我失败了，但我还要尝试。The judge was stern,yet completely fair.法官很严峻，却完全公正。They are the same,yet not the same.它们又一样，又不一样。It is strange,yet it is true.那真是怪事，然而却是事实。yet有时可与并列连词and或but连用，构成习语and yet和but yet，且两者大致同义(均相

19、当于表转折的but)：I gave him ten pounds(and)yet he was not satisfied.我给了他十镑但他仍不满足。Shes vain and foolish,and yet people like her.她很虚荣愚蠢，但人们却喜欢她。She drove very fast to the airport,but yet,and yet,but yet she missed the plane.她开快车去机场，可还是误了飞机。Mike was usually so careful,_this time he made a small mistake.A.yet

20、B.stillC.evenD.Thus麦克通常很认真的，然而（麦克通常很认真的，然而（yet）这次他犯了）这次他犯了个小错误。个小错误。答案答案A此处此处yet 作连词使用作连词使用yet用作副词讲还，尚（没）He hasnt finished his homework yet.although不能与表示转折的but连用，但是却可以与yet连用(此时yet最好理解为副词)。如：Although we have made some progress,yet we still have a long way to go.我们虽然取得了些进步，但还是远远不够的。就近就近一致一致原则原则：or,eit

21、her.or,neither.or,not.but,not only.but alsoHe or I am in the wrong,他或是我错了。Neither you nor he is tired.你和他都没累。Not you but I am to blame.不该怪你而该怪我。Either my father or my brothers are coming.不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。1.If I

22、were you,I would not do like that 对现在进行虚拟2.If each human being（人类）were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life,it would be a blessing.3.Three Days to See I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few day

23、s at some time during his early adult life.Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight;silence would tech him the joys of sound.我常常想,如果每个人在他成年的早期有一段时间致瞎致聋,那会是一种幸事,黑暗会使他更珍惜视力,寂静会教导他享受声音.主动表被动 (1)某些连系动词(如look,sound,smell,feel,taste,prove等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式：That dog looks dangerous

24、.那只狗看起来很危险。Your idea sounds a good one.你的想法听起来很好。My advice proved to be wrong.我的意见证实是错的。主动表被动 (2)当open,close,shut,lock,move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义：The door wont shut.这门关不上。The supermarket doors shut automatically.超市的门是自动关的。【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与cant,wont 等连用，注意它与用被动语态含义不同：The window wont shut.这窗户

25、关不上。(说明主语的属性窗户有问题了)The window wont be shut.这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题，只是不用关)主动表被动 (3)当read,wash,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：The cloth washes well.这种布料好洗。The book sells quickly.这书销售得快。This cheese doesnt cut easily.Its too soft.这乳酪不容易切，太软了。This shirt will wear very long.这衬衫可以穿很久

26、。【注】该用法通常与well,easily,slowly,quickly等副词连用，并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态，只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性，用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作)：The sentences read clearly.这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义)The sentences are read clearly.这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好)主谓一致Every means（手段、方法）has been tried.All means（手段、方法）have been tried.动名词被动

27、形式作主语Being admitted into a key university is what most students wish for.Being surrounded by the green mountain makes it a famous tourist attraction.Leave的复合结构例子由过去分词来充当宾语补足语：由过去分词来充当宾语补足语：leave sth/sb done，常用来表，常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。(宾语和宾补被动关宾语和宾补被动关系系)The moving story left him un

28、moved.他对这个令人激动的故他对这个令人激动的故事竟然无动于衷。事竟然无动于衷。由现在分词来充当宾语补足语：由现在分词来充当宾语补足语：leave sb/sth doing,常用来表常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事示使某人或某物一直做某事(宾语和宾补宾语和宾补主动主动关系关系).Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.由形容词来充当宾语补足语：由形容词来充当宾语补足语：Youd better leave the drawing-room door open.特殊不及物动词Ing分词作定语There are many factors weighing against the meeting happening.有好多因素影响了会议的召开。Lucy had strung a banner across the wall saying Welcome Home Daddy.露西在墙上挂了一条横幅，上面写着“欢迎爸爸回家”。strung string的过去式和过去分词 意思是用线串