(北师大版)高考英语语言基础知识(高考写作必考话题)课件7-20-Unit20-New-Frontiers.ppt-(课件无音视频)

1、必考话题必考话题20饮食饮食写写 作作 必必 备备基础词汇基础词汇1canteen n食食堂堂2veqetable n.蔬菜蔬菜3regular adj.有规律的有规律的4healthy adj.健康的健康的5fitness n.健康健康6strengthen v.加强加强7obesity n.肥胖肥胖 8effect n.影响影响9be addicted to 对对上瘾上瘾10call on 号召号召11eat up 吃光吃光12be beneficial to 对对有益有益13do harm to 对对有害有害 提分句型提分句型1The majority of people eat too

2、 much fat and not enough fibre，which does great harm to their health.大大多数人摄入的脂肪太多纤维不足，这对他们的健康很多数人摄入的脂肪太多纤维不足，这对他们的健康很有害。有害。2By eating properly and exercising regularly，you can keep your body at a proper weight and keep healthy.通过合理饮食和经常运动，你可以保持适当的体重且身通过合理饮食和经常运动，你可以保持适当的体重且身体健康。体健康。3We have to keep

3、a balanced diet and maintain regular eating habits.我们必须保持平衡饮食和规律的饮食习惯。我们必须保持平衡饮食和规律的饮食习惯。4We should make every possible effort to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.我们应竭尽全力来克服这些困难。我们应竭尽全力来克服这些困难。美美 文文 赏赏 析析素材示例素材示例(2013合肥模拟合肥模拟)2013年初，为了抵制浪费，一些年初，为了抵制浪费，一些网民发起了网民发起了“光盘行动光盘行动”，受到人们的普遍欢迎。，受到人们的普遍欢迎。最近，

4、你校学生会向同学们发出最近，你校学生会向同学们发出“光盘行动光盘行动”的倡议，旨的倡议，旨在引导同学们节约粮食，抵制浪费。在引导同学们节约粮食，抵制浪费。你是校报的英语记者，请根据下面的提示，为校报的英你是校报的英语记者，请根据下面的提示，为校报的英语专栏写一篇稿件。语专栏写一篇稿件。(1)列举学校餐厅的浪费现象；列举学校餐厅的浪费现象；(2)学校开展学校开展“光盘行动光盘行动”的情况；的情况；(3)你的看法。你的看法。注意：注意：词数为词数为120左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：参考词汇：“光盘行动光盘行动”“Clear Your Plate”cam

5、paignIn the past，a lot of food was wasted in our school canteen.Some students threw away some food because it was not delicious as expected.Others left the food on the plate because they bought too much.Last month the Students Union of our school launched“Clear Your Plate”campaign，which aimed to cal

6、l on us students to eat up all the food we bought.Now there is less leftover in our school canteen because we think it shameful to waste food.佳作播报佳作播报In my view，everyone should form the habit of saving food.We can share our food with our good friends，which can strengthen our friendship and save mone

7、y as well.1.as expected是状语从句的省略，其完整的形式为是状语从句的省略，其完整的形式为as it was expected。模拟模拟I will attend the party if invited.如果被邀请，我就会参加那个聚会。如果被邀请，我就会参加那个聚会。2.we think it shameful.句中句中it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后作形式宾语，真正宾语是后边的不定式短语边的不定式短语to waste food。模拟模拟I thought it strange that he failed to call me.我觉我觉得很奇怪：他没给我打电话。得很奇怪：他

8、没给我打电话。3form the habit of doing sth养成做某事的习惯。养成做某事的习惯。模拟模拟In our school we have formed the good habit of getting up early.在我们学校我们已养成了早起的好习惯。在我们学校我们已养成了早起的好习惯。.核核心心单单词词1(n.)争争执执；冲冲突突(v.)冲冲突突；抵抵触触2(vt.)拯拯救救；救救援援(n.)救救援援者者3(v.)通通信信；符符合合(n.)通通信信；通通信信联联系系(n.)通通信信员员4(adv.)同同时时5(vt.)治治愈愈6(vt.)帮帮助助；协协助助(n.)帮

9、帮助助；协协助助(n.)助助手手；助助理理答案答案1.conflict2.rescue；rescuer3.correspond；correspondence；correspondent4.meanwhile5.cure6assist；assistance；assistant7.technical；technique8latter；former9.starvation；starve 10.equality；equal 11assess；assessment12.donate；donation；donator13.electronic；electric；electrical14.specialis

10、t；special15.poison；poisonous16.permit；permit；permission17.declare；declaration18.exploration；exploreAfter the declaration of assessment of the great loss spread，constant donation was sent to the disasterhit area to assist the people in starvation.On this occasion，everyone is aware that there should b

11、e no discrimination and that everyone is born equal.词不离句，句不离段词不离句，句不离段答案答案e into conflict2.in advance3.make up for4.not to mention5.donate.to.6.drop off7.end with8.cure sb of9.不不久后久后10.泄露泄露(秘密秘密)11.接收，接管接收，接管12.计算出；解决出计算出；解决出13.努力解决难以处理的事物努力解决难以处理的事物14.致力于；献身于致力于；献身于15.因为因为16.而不是而不是Yao Ming is nice

12、that he gave away some money to the Charities.Shortly after coming back from the hospital,Tom gave up smoking.The bank has been taken over by the government.The two sides came into conflict last week,causing 5 people dead and many injured.He bought me dinner to make up for being so late the day befo

13、re.小试身手，聚焦短语小试身手，聚焦短语.经典句式经典句式1By the year 2015,the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.到到2015年，服装业将生产出各种新型布料，无论你将什年，服装业将生产出各种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污迹。么东西洒在上面都不会留下污迹。解读解读“by时间点时间点”常与完成时连用常与完成时连用模拟模拟By the time he got

14、here，(我已干完所有工我已干完所有工作作)2Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.要是没有先驱们在科技上的这些尖端突破，不管这要是没有先驱们在科技上的这些尖端突破，不管这些突破是侥幸的还是计划之中的，今天我们所知道的世些突破是侥幸的还是计划之中的，今天我们所知道的世界就会是一个完全不同的地方。

15、界就会是一个完全不同的地方。解读解读without的介词短语在句中作状语的介词短语在句中作状语模拟模拟Without your help,we (就不会成功就不会成功)3I think there will be an invention that will help prevent drivers from getting stuck in traffic jams.我想将会有一种我想将会有一种有助于防止司机困于交通阻塞的发明。有助于防止司机困于交通阻塞的发明。解读解读get动词的过去分词动词的过去分词模拟模拟Be careful when you cross the busy street

16、.If not,you may (被车撞死被车撞死)答案答案1.I had already finished all the work2.couldnt have succeeded3.get run over by a car.必背句法必背句法将来完成时；将来进行时将来完成时；将来进行时用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空1This time tomorrow，I (fly)to Shanghai.2If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring,you (eat)fresh watermelon in the fall.3Guess what

17、,weve got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this summer.How nice！You (experience)a different culture then.4By the end of this term,we (finish)our essays.5We (live)here for five years by next March.答案答案1.shall be flying2.will be eating3.will be experiencing4.will have finished5.shall have liv

18、edI Beijing when you arrive tomorrow afternoon.当你明天下午到达时我已经去北京了。当你明天下午到达时我已经去北京了。By the time you get home I the house from top to bottom.你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。What you at six tomorrow evening？明天晚上？明天晚上六点你将在干什么？六点你将在干什么？条分缕析，步步为营条分缕析，步步为营Please come tomorrow afternoon.Tomorrow morning,I a

19、 meeting.你明天下午来吧，明天早上我将会参加一个会议。你明天下午来吧，明天早上我将会参加一个会议。答案答案will have gone towill have cleanedwill；be doingwill be attending词词 汇汇 精精 解解latter n后后者者adj.(两者中两者中)后者的后者的(教材原句教材原句)In the 18th and 19th centuries,especially the latter,the most common theme in science fiction novels was the future.在在18和和19世纪，特

20、别是后者，科幻小说最常见的世纪，特别是后者，科幻小说最常见的主题是未来。主题是未来。the former.，the latter.前者前者，后者，后者Of the two cellphones,the former is better than the latter.在这两部手机当中，前者比后者要好一些。在这两部手机当中，前者比后者要好一些。词语辨析词语辨析late,lately,latest，later，latterlate指比预料的或正常的时间晚，意思是指比预料的或正常的时间晚，意思是“迟的，迟的，晚的晚的(地地)”lately表示表示“近来，最近近来，最近”，相当于，相当于recentl

21、ylatest表示表示“最近的，最新的最近的，最新的”later表示表示“后来，较晚的时候后来，较晚的时候”latter表示两事物之间的顺序，意为表示两事物之间的顺序，意为“后一个后一个/后者后者”，与与former(前者前者)相对相对Though I havent heard much more news about him,I know from his teacher that he has always been for school.，I know from his classmates that he is for either helping his mum with farmi

22、ng or playing computer games in the net bar.I think the chances of the are much more.虽然我还未获知关于他的最新消息，但是我从虽然我还未获知关于他的最新消息，但是我从他老师那儿知道他最近总是上学迟到。后来，我从他的同他老师那儿知道他最近总是上学迟到。后来，我从他的同学那儿知道，他迟到有时是因为他帮母亲干农活，有时是学那儿知道，他迟到有时是因为他帮母亲干农活，有时是在附近网吧玩游戏。我认为后者的可能性更大些。在附近网吧玩游戏。我认为后者的可能性更大些。答案答案latest；lately；late；Later；la

23、te；latterAll these actions by the US.A.conflicted with the universally accepted international laws.美国的这些行为都与公认的国际法相抵触。美国的这些行为都与公认的国际法相抵触。She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。着分歧。Her husband often her,which makes her angry.她丈夫

24、经常和她发生矛盾，这令她很气愤。她丈夫经常和她发生矛盾，这令她很气愤。答案答案comes into conflict withrescue vt.&n拯救；救援拯救；救援(教材原句教材原句)Dave also goes outside the ship to rescue Frank,and HAL refuses to let him back in.戴维也到轮船外面去戴维也到轮船外面去营救法兰克，而营救法兰克，而HAL拒绝让他回去。拒绝让他回去。(1)rescue sb/sth(from.)(从从中中)营救某人营救某人/某物某物(2)come/go to ones rescue援救援救/营

25、救某人营救某人His father came to his rescue and lent him the money.他的父亲借钱给他从而救了他。他的父亲借钱给他从而救了他。What we must do is to danger at once.我们必须做我们必须做的是立刻营救他们脱险。的是立刻营救他们脱险。答案答案rescue them fromcorrespond vi.与与通信；相符合通信；相符合(教材原句教材原句).the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing.我们通信的方式从写信变成发电子我们通信的方式从写

26、信变成发电子邮件。邮件。(1)correspond with sb和某人通信和某人通信 correspond to/with sth与某物相一致，相当于与某物相一致，相当于(2)hold/keep up correspondence with sb 与某人与某人(保持保持)通信通信 联系联系 in correspondence with与与一致；与一致；与有通信联系有通信联系Have you been corresponding with him since you graduated from the university?大学毕业后，你一直和他通信吗？大学毕业后，你一直和他通信吗？Your

27、 account of events does not hers.你对事情的陈述与她说的不符。你对事情的陈述与她说的不符。答案答案correspond with/tocure vt.治愈，治疗；解决治愈，治疗；解决n.治愈，痊愈；措施治愈，痊愈；措施(教材原句教材原句)During the Second World War,when Flemings discovery was first helping to cure people,the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles.第二次

28、世界大战期间，青霉素第一次被使用，这时美国海第二次世界大战期间，青霉素第一次被使用，这时美国海军正在致力于寻找提高导弹命中率的方法。军正在致力于寻找提高导弹命中率的方法。cure sb of.治愈某人的治愈某人的病；改掉某人的病；改掉某人的恶习恶习a cure for对对的治疗方法；解决的治疗方法；解决的措施的措施Jacks mother wanted to cure him of his bad habit of smoking.杰克的母亲想改掉他吸烟的坏习惯。杰克的母亲想改掉他吸烟的坏习惯。My uncle his heart disease three years ago.我叔叔我叔叔的

29、心脏病三年前治好了。的心脏病三年前治好了。Besides,empathy can be loneliness,sadness,anxiety,and fear.(2012北京卷任务型阅读北京卷任务型阅读)此此外，同情还可以成为治疗孤独、悲伤、焦虑和恐惧的有外，同情还可以成为治疗孤独、悲伤、焦虑和恐惧的有效方法。效方法。词语辨析词语辨析cure,treatcure意为意为“治愈，治好治愈，治好”，可直接跟人或疾病作宾，可直接跟人或疾病作宾语，有时用来指突然地、出乎意料地痊愈；也语，有时用来指突然地、出乎意料地痊愈；也用于引申指人的生活习惯的纠正、矫正等，与用于引申指人的生活习惯的纠正、矫正等，与

30、介词介词of搭配，强调结果搭配，强调结果treat只指治病，不包括治疗的效果如何。其宾语可只指治病，不包括治疗的效果如何。其宾语可以是人也可以是病，人作宾语时，病用以是人也可以是病，人作宾语时，病用for短语短语表示。它强调表示。它强调“治疗治疗”这一动作这一动作The doctor his headache with a new drug but didnt him.那位医生用一种新药给他治疗头痛，但是没有给他治那位医生用一种新药给他治疗头痛，但是没有给他治好。好。答案答案was cured ofa cure fortreated；curemeanwhile adv.同时同时(高考佳句高考佳

31、句)Meanwhile,I found out that with more patience I could make my toys last.(2012新课标全国卷短文改错新课标全国卷短文改错)与此同时，我发现更耐心地玩能使玩具玩得时间更长。与此同时，我发现更耐心地玩能使玩具玩得时间更长。meanwhilemeantimeat the same time同时同时in the meanwhile/meantime在此期间在此期间Meanwhile,hitech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world.(2012重

32、庆卷，重庆卷，B)同同时，高技术的发展正给我们带来新的绘制世界地图的方时，高技术的发展正给我们带来新的绘制世界地图的方法。法。Mother went shopping;，I cleaned the house.妈妈出去购物，同时我打扫房间。妈妈出去购物，同时我打扫房间。答案答案in the meanwhile/in the meantime注意注意(1)meanwhile可以作名词和副词，但不能作连词，所可以作名词和副词，但不能作连词，所以不能引导时间状语从句。以不能引导时间状语从句。(2)meantime可以作名词和副词，比可以作名词和副词，比meanwhile更为普遍，但更为普遍，但作为副

33、词，不及作为副词，不及meanwhile普遍。普遍。permit vt.允许，许可允许，许可n.许可证许可证(教材原句教材原句)You are not permitted to work if you are on a student visa.如果你所持的是学生签证，就不会被允许找工作。如果你所持的是学生签证，就不会被允许找工作。(1)permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 permit doing sth允许做某事允许做某事(2)permission n容许；允许容许；允许 ask for permission请求允许请求允许 without permissio

34、n未经允许未经允许 with ones permission征得某人的许可征得某人的许可No one is permitted to go out at night in our school.在我们学校晚上不准外出。在我们学校晚上不准外出。The new law rules in public places.新法律规定不新法律规定不准在公共场合吸烟。准在公共场合吸烟。She took my new car ，which made me very angry.她未经许可擅自使用了我的新车，这使我很生气。她未经许可擅自使用了我的新车，这使我很生气。熟词生义熟词生义选择句中选择句中permit的含

35、义的含义You cannot enter a military base without a permit.A通通行证行证 B允许允许 C准许准许答案答案do not permit smokingwithout permissionAin advance 预先预先(教材原句教材原句).we sent the questions to her programmers in advance.我们提前把问题送到她的编程人员那里。我们提前把问题送到她的编程人员那里。(1)in advance of在在之前，超过之前，超过 on the advance(物价物价)在上涨在上涨(2)advance on/

36、towards/upon.朝朝前进前进 advanced adj.先进的；高等的；晚期的先进的；高等的；晚期的 advancing adj.发展前进中的发展前进中的Advanced countries should help advancing countries in education，medical and agriculture.发达国家应该在教育、发达国家应该在教育、医疗和农业方面帮助发展中国家。医疗和农业方面帮助发展中国家。When students were told my rule the class，some of them were not happy.(2011北京卷，北

37、京卷，C)当当学生们在上课之前被告知我的规定时，他们其中一些人学生们在上课之前被告知我的规定时，他们其中一些人不高兴。不高兴。答案答案in advance ofgive away 捐赠；颁发捐赠；颁发(奖品等奖品等)；泄露；泄露(情报、秘密等情报、秘密等)；丧；丧失，错过失，错过朗文朗文I was afraid the kids would give the whole thing away.恐怕孩子们会把这整件事说出去。恐怕孩子们会把这整件事说出去。观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的含义Would they let Shay bet and give away th

38、eir chance to win the game？He gave away most of his money to the homeless in the earthquakestricken area.Please dont give my secret away！The university chancellor gave away our diplomas.give in to sb对某人让步对某人让步give off放出；散发出放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音声音)give out分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽分发；用完，消耗尽

39、，筋疲力尽give up放弃；戒掉，停止；认输；把放弃；戒掉，停止；认输；把送交送交give over移交移交According to this speed of mining,the coal on the earth will give out in hundreds of years.照这种开采速度，几百年后照这种开采速度，几百年后地球上的煤将消耗殆尽。地球上的煤将消耗殆尽。Children who are always by their parents soon become spoiled.总是被父母迁就的孩子很快就被惯坏了。总是被父母迁就的孩子很快就被惯坏了。The keys to

40、 our neighbours during our absence.外出外出时，我们把钥匙交给了邻居。时，我们把钥匙交给了邻居。答案答案错错过，丧失捐赠泄露颁发过，丧失捐赠泄露颁发given in towere given overIt was reported that Haier may take over New Zealand home appliance maker.据报道海尔可能要接管新西兰家电制造业。据报道海尔可能要接管新西兰家电制造业。It is true that the college will more new students this year.今年这所大学将招收更

41、多的新生是真实的。今年这所大学将招收更多的新生是真实的。I had to all her responsibilities because she was ill.由于她生病了，我不得不承担起她所有的责任。由于她生病了，我不得不承担起她所有的责任。答案答案take intake on 句句 式式 诠诠 释释(教材原句教材原句)By the year 2015,the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on t

42、hem.到到2015年，服装业将生产年，服装业将生产出一种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下出一种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。污渍。by the year 2015是是“by时间点时间点”构成的介词短语，表示构成的介词短语，表示“到到时候时候”，常与将来完成时和过去完成时连用。，常与将来完成时和过去完成时连用。By four oclock tomorrow afternoon,I will have already finished all the work.到明天下午到明天下午4点，我会干完所有的活儿。点，我会干完所有的活儿。By the time he go

43、t here,Jane London.他到这儿的时候，简已经去伦敦了。他到这儿的时候，简已经去伦敦了。答案答案had left for(教材原句教材原句)Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.没有科没有科技上的这些尖端突破，无论是好运带来的还是按计划取得技上的这些尖端突破，无论是好运带来的还是按计

44、划取得的，我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子。的，我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子。(1)without在本句中表示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用在本句中表示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用“wouldhave done”表示对过去的虚拟。表示对过去的虚拟。(2)当虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用当虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用“过去式过去式(be的过去式用的过去式用were)”，主句的谓语动词用，主句的谓语动词用“would/could/should动词原形动词原形”构成。像这样表假设条构成。像这样表假设条件的介词还有件的介词还有but for；连词；连词or,otherwise，它们引导的句，它们引导的句子在英语中称为含蓄条件句。子在英语中称为含蓄条件句。But for your kind help,I would not have succeeded in passing the driving test.要不是你的好心帮助，我就不可能要不是你的好心帮助，我就不可能会通过驾驶考试了。会通过驾驶考试了。We human beings without all the plants and animals around us.如果我们周围没有植物和动物，人类就不能生存。如果我们周围没有植物和动物，人类就不能生存。答案答案could not survive