神经影像学培训教课件-.ppt

1、神经影像学培训教材神经影像学培训教材tonsils tonsils 小脑扁桃体小脑扁桃体 pyramid pyramid 锥体锥体vertebral artery vertebral artery 椎动脉椎动脉inferior olive inferior olive 下橄榄核下橄榄核 Horizontal fissureHorizontal fissure水平裂水平裂posterior inferiorposterior inferior cerebellarcerebellar artery artery小脑后下动脉，小脑后下动脉，falx cerebelli falx cerebelli

2、 大脑镰大脑镰 glossopharyngealglossopharyngeal nerve nerve 舌咽神经舌咽神经VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部 medulla medulla 延髓延髓vertebral arteryvertebral artery 椎动脉椎动脉tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕 4 4thth ventricle ventricle 第第4 4脑室脑室 anterior inferioranterior inferior cerebellarcerebellar artery artery 小脑前下动脉

3、小脑前下动脉PyramidPyramid锥体锥体basis basis pontispontis桥桥脑臂脑臂 dentate nucleusdentate nucleus齿状核齿状核cerebellarcerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球 maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦basilar arterybasilar artery 基底动脉基底动脉sigmoid sinus sigmoid sinus 乙狀窦乙狀窦 4 4thth ventricle ventricle 第第4 4脑室脑室tentorium ce

4、rebelli tentorium cerebelli 小脑幕小脑幕 CNsCNs,7 7，8 8颅神经颅神经basis basis pontis pontis 桥桥脑臂脑臂 mastoid sinusmastoid sinus 乳突气窦乳突气窦calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距距状沟状沟 internal carotid internal carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉temporotemporo-occipital-occipital incisureincisure颞枕切迹颞枕切迹 inferior occipital i

5、nferior occipital gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回4 4thth ventricle ventricle第第4 4脑室脑室 trigeminaltrigeminal nerve nerve三叉神经三叉神经basilar arterybasilar artery基底动脉基底动脉petrouspetrous bone bone岩骨岩骨cerebellarcerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀回狀回calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距距状沟状沟

6、inferior lingual inferior lingual gyrusgyrus舌舌回回 parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrus gyrus 海马旁回海马旁回lingual lingual sulcus sulcus 舌舌沟沟calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距距状沟状沟 periaquaductal grey periaquaductal grey 中脑导水管周围灰质中脑导水管周围灰质 middle temporalmiddle temporal gyrus gyrus 颞颞中回中回anterior tempora

7、l anterior temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞上回上回 maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦prepontineprepontine cistern cistern桥前池桥前池falx cerebelli falx cerebelli 大脑镰大脑镰 VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部 pons pons 桥桥脑脑 cavernous sinuscavernous sinus海绵窦海绵窦 sphenoid sinussphenoid sinus蝶窦蝶窦pituitary pituitary 垂体垂体temporal horntempor

8、al horn下角下角inferior occipital inferior occipital gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距距状沟状沟superior occipital superior occipital gyrusgyrus枕枕上回上回fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀回狀回paramesencephalicparamesencephalic cistern cistern 中脑旁池中脑旁池basilar artery basilar artery 基底动脉基底动脉internal c

9、arotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 sella turcicasella turcica蝶蝶鞍鞍posterior posterior communication communication artery artery 后交通动脉后交通动脉ambient cistern ambient cistern 环池环池occipital hornoccipital horn枕角枕角tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕inferior inferior colliculuscolliculus下下丘

10、丘hippocampus hippocampus 海马海马posterior cerebral posterior cerebral artery artery 大脑后动脉大脑后动脉 suprasellarsuprasellar cistern cistern 鞍上池鞍上池InfundibulumInfundibulum漏斗漏斗 parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrusgyrus海马旁回海马旁回 CuneusCuneus楔楔叶叶VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部cerebral pedunclecerebral peduncle大脑脚大脑脚interna

11、l carotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 internal carotid internal carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞中回颞中回inferior temporal inferior temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞下回下回middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus枕中回枕中回superior superior colliculuscolliculus上上丘丘aqua

12、ductaquaduct of of Sylvius Sylvius 中脑导水管中脑导水管amygdalaamygdala杏仁体杏仁体suprasellarsuprasellar cistern cistern鞍上池鞍上池optic chiasm nerveoptic chiasm nerve视交叉视交叉 mamillarymamillary body body乳头体乳头体InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶red nucleusred nucleus红核红核corpus corpus callosum callosum spleniumsplenium胼胝体压部胼胝体压部superior sup

13、erior sagittalsagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦vein of Galenvein of Galen大脑大静脉大脑大静脉pinealpineal松果腺，松果腺，substantia nigrasubstantia nigra黑质黑质optic tractoptic tract视束视束 middle cerebral middle cerebral arteryartery大脑中动脉大脑中动脉choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛parietoparieto-occipital-occipital sulcussulcus顶顶枕

14、沟枕沟posterior posterior commisure commisure 后连合后连合HypothalamusHypothalamus下丘脑下丘脑anterior cerebral anterior cerebral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉ethmoidethmoid sinus sinus筛窦筛窦 cribriformcribriform plate plate筛板筛板superior temporal superior temporal gyrusgyrus颞上回颞上回middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞

15、中回中回AtriumAtrium脑室腔脑室腔thalamus thalamus 背侧丘脑背侧丘脑3 3thth ventricle ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室ethmoidethmoid sinus sinus筛窦筛窦 straightstraight gyrus gyrus 直直回回orbital orbital gyrusgyrus眶眶回回SylvianSylvian fissure fissure外侧裂外侧裂superior temporal superior temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞上回上回middle temporal middle temporal g

16、yrusgyrus颞颞中回中回parietoparieto-occipital-occipital sulcussulcus顶顶枕沟枕沟cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣扣带回带回corpus corpus callosumcallosum胼胝体胼胝体internal cerebral veininternal cerebral vein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉3 3thth ventricle ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室 massa intermediamassa intermedia中间块中间块anterior anterior commisurecom

17、misure前前连合连合anterior cerebral anterior cerebral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 nucleus nucleus accumbensaccumbens伏隔核伏隔核InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶inferior temporalinferior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞颞下回下回transverse transverse occipital occipital sulcussulcus枕横沟枕横沟superior occipitalsuperior occipital gyrus gyrus 上上枕回枕回middl

18、e occipitalmiddle occipital gyrus gyrus 中中枕回枕回atrium atrium 脑室腔脑室腔ThalamusThalamus背侧丘脑背侧丘脑globus pallidus globus pallidus 苍白球苍白球putamenputamen 壳核壳核FornixFornix穹穹窿窿orbital orbital gyrusgyrus眶回眶回 foramen offoramen of Monro Monro 室室间孔间孔middle cerebralmiddle cerebral artry artry 大脑中动脉大脑中动脉parietoparieto

19、-occipital-occipital sulcussulcus顶顶枕沟枕沟choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛internal capsuleinternal capsule内囊内囊caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部 SylvianSylvian fissure fissure外侧裂外侧裂thalamothalamo-striate-striate veinvein丘脑纹状体静脉丘脑纹状体静脉internal cerebral internal cerebral veinvein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉choroidal

20、choroidal vein vein脉络膜静脉脉络膜静脉middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus中枕回中枕回intra-occipital intra-occipital sulcussulcus枕内沟枕内沟superior temporalsuperior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞颞上回上回inferior frontal inferior frontal gyrusgyrus额下回额下回anterior cerebral anterior cerebral artery artery 大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 superio

21、r frontalsuperior frontal gyrus gyrus 额额上回上回caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟superior superior sagittalsagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦falx cerebrifalx cerebri大脑镰大脑镰corpus corpus callosumcallosum胼胝体胼胝体ThalamusThalamus丘脑丘脑InsulaInsula岛岛叶叶septum septum pellucidumpelluci

22、dum透明隔透明隔cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣扣带回带回frontal sinusfrontal sinus额窦额窦 corona corona radianaradiana放射冠放射冠central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟angular angular gyrusgyrus角角回回intraparietal sulcusintraparietal sulcus顶顶内沟内沟postcentral gyruspostcentral gyrus中央后回中央后回SylvianSylvian fissure fissure外侧裂外侧裂fr

23、ontal hornfrontal horn额角额角corpus corpus callosum genu callosum genu 胼胝体膝胼胝体膝 superior frontalsuperior frontal gyrus gyrus 额上回额上回middle frontal middle frontal gyrusgyrus额中回额中回central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟supremarginal gyrus supremarginal gyrus 缘上回缘上回intraparietal intraparietal sulcussulcus顶顶内沟内沟

24、angular angular gyrusgyrus角角回回anterior cerebral anterior cerebral artery artery 大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 caudate bodycaudate body尾状核体部尾状核体部central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟CuneusCuneus楔叶楔叶cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣扣带回带回postcentral gyruspostcentral gyrus中央后回中央后回precentral gyrusprecentral gyrus中央前回中央前回corona

25、corona radianaradiana放射冠放射冠 central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟marginal marginal sulcussulcus缘沟缘沟angular angular gyrusgyrus角角回回corpus corpus callosumcallosum胼胝体胼胝体middle frontalmiddle frontal gyrus gyrus 额额中回中回 superior frontalsuperior frontal gyrus gyrus 额额上回上回cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣扣带回带回mid

26、dle frontal middle frontal gyrusgyrus额中回额中回inferior frontal inferior frontal gyrusgyrus额下回额下回 central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟superior parietalsuperior parietal gyrus gyrus 顶顶上回上回postcentral gyruspostcentral gyrus中央后回中央后回precentral gyrusprecentral gyrus中央前回中央前回centrum semiovalecentrum semiovale半半卵

27、圆中心卵圆中心 Vertebral arteryVertebral artery椎动脉椎动脉Foramen magnumForamen magnum枕大孔枕大孔Spinal cordSpinal cord脊髓脊髓pyramid pyramid 锥体锥体vertebral artery vertebral artery 椎椎动脉动脉inferior olive inferior olive 下橄下橄榄核榄核 tonsils tonsils 小脑扁桃体小脑扁桃体Horizontal fissureHorizontal fissure水水平裂平裂posterior inferiorposterior

28、 inferior cerebellarcerebellar artery artery小脑后下动脉，小脑后下动脉，falx cerebelli falx cerebelli 大脑镰大脑镰 glossopharyngealglossopharyngeal nerve nerve 舌咽神经舌咽神经VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部medulla medulla 延髓延髓vertebral arteryvertebral artery 椎动脉椎动脉tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕 4 4thth ventricle ventricle

29、第第4 4脑室脑室 anterior inferioranterior inferior cerebellarcerebellar artery artery 小脑前下动脉小脑前下动脉PyramidPyramid锥体锥体basis basis pontispontis桥桥脑臂脑臂 dentate nucleusdentate nucleus齿状核齿状核cerebellarcerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球 maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦Prepontine Prepontine cisterncister

30、n 桥前池桥前池Falx cerebri Falx cerebri 大脑镰大脑镰 vermis vermis 小脑蚓部小脑蚓部pons pons 桥脑桥脑Cavernous sinusCavernous sinus海绵窦海绵窦 maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦basilar arterybasilar artery 基底动脉基底动脉sigmoid sinus sigmoid sinus 乙狀窦乙狀窦 4 4thth ventricle ventricle 第第4 4脑室脑室tentorium cerebelli tentorium cerebelli 小

31、脑幕小脑幕 CNsCNs,7 7，8 8颅神经颅神经calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟mastoid sinusmastoid sinus 乳突气窦乳突气窦basisbasis pontis pontis 桥脑臂桥脑臂ClivusClivus斜坡斜坡internal carotid internal carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉temporotemporo-occipital-occipital incisureincisure颞枕切迹颞枕切迹 inferior occipital inferior occipita

32、l gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回4 4thth ventricle ventricle第第4 4脑室脑室 trigeminaltrigeminal nerve nerve三叉神经三叉神经basilar arterybasilar artery基底动脉基底动脉petrouspetrous bone bone岩骨岩骨cerebellarcerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀回狀回calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距距状沟状沟inferior lingual

33、 inferior lingual gyrusgyrus舌舌回回 parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrus gyrus 海马旁回海马旁回lingual lingual sulcus sulcus 舌舌沟沟calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距距状沟状沟 periaquaductal grey periaquaductal grey 中脑导水管周围灰质中脑导水管周围灰质 middle temporalmiddle temporal gyrus gyrus 颞颞中回中回anterior temporal anterior tempo

34、ral gyrusgyrus颞颞上回上回 sphenoid sinussphenoid sinus蝶窦蝶窦pituitary pituitary 垂体垂体temporal horntemporal horn下角下角inferior occipital inferior occipital gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距距状沟状沟superior occipital superior occipital gyrusgyrus枕枕上回上回fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀回狀回paramesence

35、phalicparamesencephalic cistern cistern 中脑旁池中脑旁池basilar artery basilar artery 基底动脉基底动脉internal carotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 sella turcicasella turcica蝶蝶鞍鞍posterior posterior communication communication artery artery 后交通动脉后交通动脉ambient cistern ambient cistern 环池环池occipital hornoccipit

36、al horn枕角枕角tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕inferior inferior colliculuscolliculus下下丘丘hippocampus hippocampus 海马海马posterior cerebral posterior cerebral artery artery 大脑后动脉大脑后动脉 suprasellarsuprasellar cistern cistern 鞍上池鞍上池InfundibulumInfundibulum漏斗漏斗 parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrusg

37、yrus海马旁回海马旁回 CuneusCuneus楔楔叶叶VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部cerebral pedunclecerebral peduncle大脑脚大脑脚internal carotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 internal carotid internal carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞中回颞中回inferior temporal inferior temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞下回下回

38、middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus枕中回枕中回superior superior colliculuscolliculus上上丘丘aquaductaquaduct of of Sylvius Sylvius 中脑导水管中脑导水管amygdalaamygdala杏仁体杏仁体suprasellarsuprasellar cistern cistern鞍上池鞍上池optic chiasm nerveoptic chiasm nerve视交叉视交叉 mamillarymamillary body body乳头体乳头体InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶

39、red nucleusred nucleus红核红核corpus corpus callosum callosum spleniumsplenium胼胝体压部胼胝体压部superior superior sagittalsagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦vein of Galenvein of Galen大脑大静脉大脑大静脉pinealpineal松果腺，松果腺，substantia nigrasubstantia nigra黑质黑质optic tractoptic tract视束视束 middle cerebral middle cerebral arteryartery

40、大脑中动脉大脑中动脉choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛parietoparieto-occipital-occipital sulcussulcus顶顶枕沟枕沟posterior posterior commisure commisure 后连合后连合HypothalamusHypothalamus下丘脑下丘脑anterior cerebral anterior cerebral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉ethmoidethmoid sinus sinus筛窦筛窦 cribriformcribriform plate plate筛板筛板

41、superior temporal superior temporal gyrusgyrus颞上回颞上回middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞中回中回AtriumAtrium脑室腔脑室腔thalamus thalamus 背侧丘脑背侧丘脑3 3thth ventricle ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室ethmoidethmoid sinus sinus筛窦筛窦 straightstraight gyrus gyrus 直直回回orbital orbital gyrusgyrus眶眶回回SylvianSylvian fissure fi

42、ssure外侧裂外侧裂superior temporal superior temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞上回上回middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞颞中回中回parietoparieto-occipital-occipital sulcussulcus顶顶枕沟枕沟cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣扣带回带回corpus corpus callosumcallosum胼胝体胼胝体internal cerebral veininternal cerebral vein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉3 3thth ve

43、ntricle ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室 massa intermediamassa intermedia中间块中间块anterior anterior commisurecommisure前前连合连合anterior cerebral anterior cerebral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 nucleus nucleus accumbensaccumbens伏隔核伏隔核InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶inferior temporalinferior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞颞下回下回transverse transverse oc

44、cipital occipital sulcussulcus枕横沟枕横沟superior occipitalsuperior occipital gyrus gyrus 上上枕回枕回middle occipitalmiddle occipital gyrus gyrus 中中枕回枕回atrium atrium 脑室腔脑室腔ThalamusThalamus背侧丘脑背侧丘脑globus pallidus globus pallidus 苍白球苍白球putamen putamen 壳核壳核FornixFornix穹穹窿窿orbital orbital gyrusgyrus眶回眶回 foramen o

45、fforamen of Monro Monro 室室间孔间孔middle cerebralmiddle cerebral artry artry 大脑中动脉大脑中动脉parietoparieto-occipital occipital sulcussulcus顶顶枕沟枕沟choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛internal capsuleinternal capsule内囊内囊caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部 SylvianSylvian fissure fissure外侧裂外侧裂thalamothalamo-stri

46、ate-striate veinvein丘脑纹状体静脉丘脑纹状体静脉internal cerebral internal cerebral veinvein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉choroidalchoroidal vein vein脉络膜静脉脉络膜静脉middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus中枕回中枕回intra-occipital intra-occipital sulcussulcus枕内沟枕内沟superior temporalsuperior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞颞上回上回inferior frontal infe

47、rior frontal gyrusgyrus额下回额下回anterior cerebral anterior cerebral artery artery 大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 superior frontalsuperior frontal gyrus gyrus 额额上回上回caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟superior superior sagittalsagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦falx cerebrifalx cerebri大脑镰大脑镰corpus

48、 corpus callosumcallosum胼胝体胼胝体ThalamusThalamus丘脑丘脑InsulaInsula岛岛叶叶septum septum pellucidumpellucidum透明隔透明隔cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣扣带回带回frontal sinusfrontal sinus额窦额窦 corona corona radianaradiana放射冠放射冠central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟angular angular gyrusgyrus角角回回intraparietal intraparietal s

49、ulcussulcus顶顶内沟内沟postcentral gyruspostcentral gyrus中央后回中央后回SylvianSylvian fissure fissure外侧裂外侧裂frontal hornfrontal horn额角额角corpus corpus callosum callosum genu genu 胼胝体膝胼胝体膝 superior frontalsuperior frontal gyrus gyrus 额上回额上回middle frontal middle frontal gyrusgyrus额中回额中回central central sulcussulcus中

50、央沟中央沟supremarginal gyrus supremarginal gyrus 缘上回缘上回intraparietal intraparietal sulcussulcus顶顶内沟内沟angular angular gyrusgyrus角角回回anterior cerebral anterior cerebral artery artery 大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 caudate bodycaudate body尾状核体部尾状核体部central central sulcussulcus中央沟中央沟CuneusCuneus楔叶楔叶cingulate gyruscingulate gyr