Unit2 Grammar and usage （ppt课件） -2022新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、 discountimplysubmitconvert.intomoderateconsiderablepropose a questionnot necessarilybreedmicro gravityvacuumcosmic radiationcertificationapprovalbring aboutannual yieldsresistance(to.)mark a historic accomplishmentskepticalobjectivecautioussubjective appreciative be aftermiss outcome uponpull offre

2、movecasuallycreativelyclaimurgereviseclarityappealattemptdynamicstick aroundslide(slid，slid)be insistent on(doing)sthspin(spun)realisticallybe locoted inas a wholebe honored ascreditenlightenintangibleBelow is a personal account by a Chinese student who studied in the UK and the USA.Find the sentenc

3、es with relative clauses and fill in the table below.The first one has been done for you.A Exploring the rules个人陈述个人陈述relative clauses 定语从句定语从句12345restrictive relative clause 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句non-restrictive relative clause 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句necessaryadditionalthat I am sure she has something(that)you c

4、an borrow.Did you have anything(that)you want to say for yourself?(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none,some 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，但在下列情况下，一般一般用用that而不用而不用which。用用that而不用而不用which的情况的情况 This is the very bus(that)Im waiting for.T

5、he only thing(that)we can do is(to)give you some money.Ive read all the books that are not mine.(2)先行词被先行词被the only,the very(恰恰，正好恰恰，正好),the same,the last,all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。等修饰时。(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词是序数词或被序数词或最高级修饰时。This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.This is the f

6、irst book(that)he has read.This is the most interesting film(that)Ive seen.Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?(4)当先行词既有人又有物时。当先行词既有人又有物时。(5)当主句的主语是疑问词当主句的主语是疑问词who或或which时。时。Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?(6)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用有两个定语

7、从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，则另一，则另一个用个用that。They secretly built up a small factory,which produced things that could cause pollution.as用法用法限：限：the same.so/such .as.as.that.as is said/as has been said before/as mentioned beforeas is reportedas we all know/as is known to us allas is often the caseas sb.put ita

8、s a proverb goesas often happensas is shown in the chartas anybody can seeas is expectedas sb.points out非限：非限：“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的注意事项引导的定语从句的注意事项a.I met an old friend from whom I had parted for many years.b.It was a crisis for which she was totally unprepared.c.They were badly hurt in the earthq

9、uake,because of which they didnt go to school.d.He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tall tree.1.“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导定语从句，关系代词常用引导定语从句，关系代词常用whom或或which，且不能省略且不能省略。a.This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.=This is the scientist,the achievement of whom are well known.b.

10、This is the house whose window broke last night.=This is the house,the window of which broke last night.2.介词介词of+whom/which可替换由可替换由whose引导定语从句。引导定语从句。a.This is the pen which Im looking for.b.This is the program which he listened to.3.当定语从句中的谓语动词是固定搭配不可分割时，介词不可提前。当定语从句中的谓语动词是固定搭配不可分割时，介词不可提前。常见搭配有：常见

11、搭配有：listen to/look at/depend on/look for/pay attention to/take care of/look after/take part in/make use of/catch up with/get along with/hear of/look forward to等。等。a.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most of which hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.b.The football team has 15 members,the

12、oldest of whom is 25 years old.c.Here are two pairs of socks,either of which you may choose.4.“名词名词/代词代词/数词数词/表示整体或部分概念的词表示整体或部分概念的词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词（which/whom）”结构可引出定语从句。结构可引出定语从句。1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 Is that the newspaper _ which you often write articles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配根据从句中动词或形容词的习

13、惯搭配 Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _ which Im not sure?3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯 1949 was the year _ which the P.R.C.was founded.foraboutin 关系代词前介词关系代词前介词(介词介词which)的确定的确定1.There is a significant gap in terms of.2.translate as3.I had begun to understand how British people communica

14、te.It was time to head back home.（用（用no sooner.than.连句连句）No sooner had I begun to understand how British peoplecommunicate than it was time to head back home.Language:4.给某人留下了印象给某人留下了印象 5.have a preference for6.There were times when7.have a somewhat better understanding of.8._ rules(不成文的不成文的)9.因社会而异

15、因社会而异 10.be related to11.be likely to do12.have no intention of doing13.be not aware of leave an impression on sb.unwrittenvary from society to society 14.Giving an umbrella as a gift to your friend or a married couple,_when it is actually raining,should be avoided.15.correspond to 16.spare sb.embarrassment 17.change with the times 18.break a taboo 19.People usually avoid the number 4,because its pronunciation is similar to _of a Chinese word which means“to die”.except that