商务英语综合教程第二册unit-2-Globalization课件.pptx

1、Unit 2GlobalizationWarm-up ActivitiesBackground InformationText AnalysisExtended ActivitiesWritingContent Warm-up activitiesI.Pair worksThink about the definition of globalization and talk with your partner.II.Group work Globalization is a forceful phenomenon,and also a buzzword.Work in small groups

2、,discussing the functions of globalization and the way globalization reshapes economy and society.Background The original era of globalization lasted from 1880 to 1914 when WWI began.Only twice in history has free trade had such a powerful advocate-first when Britain reigned supreme in the mid-19th

3、century,and,second,in the decades following WWII when the US did.Effects of Globalization:economy:global common market(free exchange of goods&capital)finance:worldwide financial markets industry:broader access to a range of foreign products;free movement of material and goods culture&society:growth

4、of cross-cultural contacts&communication;greater immigrationadvantages of globalization More job chances More product options Promote peace and stability in the world More cultural communication Lower marketing costsdisadvantages of globalization Developed countries high unemployment National cultur

5、e shock Ecological environment from being destroyed Widening gap between rich and poor Not stable economic structure Claim1 Globalization is about the liberalization and global integration of marketsgovernmentmarketneoliberalliberalizationglobal integration of marketsGlobalist message of liberalizin

6、g and integrating markets is only realizable through the political project of engineering free markets.Thus,globalists must be prepared to utilize the powers of government to weaken and eliminate those social policies and institutions that curtail the market.Liberation+integration of market=globaliz

7、ation?!Claim2 globalization is inevitable and irreversiblePeople must adapt to the discipline of the market if they are to survive and prosper.Workers and employers might lose jobs or social benefits as a result of neoliberal policies.A reason that globalists use as a tool to promote globalization.T

8、he idea of inevitabilitymarket force share the burdens of globalization liberate from the political controlChina joins the WTOState-owned enterprises in China are undergoing great difficulties,which will be more acute with the flow of foreign competitors into China.obligationschallengesLower the tar

9、iffPromise to service industryv Chinas accession do more good than harm Reduce the tariff rateEnlarge and deepen the opening-up scope of service industry.Chinas management will be in some extent be restricted by the WTO rulesText Analysis1.The same forces from globalization that allow businesses to

10、operate as if national borders did not exist also allow social activists,labor organizers,journalists,academics,and many others to work on a global stage.全球化产生一种力量，使得企业的运作似乎没有了国界，同样这个力量也使得社会活动家、劳动组织者、新闻记者、教育工作者以及其他许多人的活动都能够在全球平台上进行。force 1.V-T If someone forces you to do something,they make you do i

11、t even though you do not want to,for example,by threatening you.强迫例：He took two women hostage and forced them to drive away from the area.他劫持了两名女人质并强迫她们开车离开这个地区。Text Analysis2.V-T If a situation or event forces you to do something,it makes it necessary for you to do something that you would not othe

12、rwise have done.迫使例：A back injury forced her to withdraw from Wimbledon.一处背伤迫使她退出了温布尔登网球赛。3.V-T If someone forces something on or upon you,they make you accept or use it when you would prefer not to.强加 例：To force this agreement on the nation is wrong.把这项协议强加于这个国家是错误的。4.N-UNCOUNT If someone uses forc

13、e to do something,or if it is done by force,strong and violent physical action is taken in order to achieve it.武力例：The government decided against using force to break up the demonstrations.政府决定不使用武力来驱散示威游行。5.N-UNCOUNT Force is the power or strength which something has.力量例：The force of the explosion

14、shattered the windows of several buildings.那次爆炸的力量震碎了几栋建筑的窗子。Text Analysis6.N-COUNT If you refer to someone or something as a force in a particular type of activity,you mean that they have a strong influence on it.势力;强大影响力例：The band is still an innovative force in music.该乐队仍是音乐界的一支创新力量。by force 强迫地；

15、靠武力；凭藉暴力 driving force 驱动力，推动力 in force 有效的；大批地；大规模地 labour force n.劳动力 labor force 劳动力 air force 空军 motive force 动力；起动力，原动力 force on 强加于，强迫.接受Text Analysisborder 1.N The border between two countries or regions is the dividing line between them.Sometimes the border also refers to the land close to t

16、his line.边界;边界地区例：Soldiers had temporarily closed the border between the two countries.士兵们已暂时封闭了两国的边界。2.V-T A country that borders another country,a sea,or a river is next to it.与接壤例：.the European and Arab countries bordering the Mediterranean.地中海沿岸的欧洲国家和阿拉伯国家。border area 边境区域 border region 边界地区 on

17、the border of 临近；将要 border on 接界；相邻于；近似于 border trade 边境贸易Text Analysisexist 1.V-I If something exists,it is present in the world as a real thing.存在例：Research opportunities exist in a wide range of areas.研究机会存在于广泛的领域中。2.V-I To exist means to live,especially under difficult conditions or with very li

18、ttle food or money.(尤指在困境中)生存例：I was barely existing.我几乎活不下去了。例：Some people exist on melons or coconuts for weeks at a time.有些人一度数周靠各种瓜与椰子生存。exist in vt.存在于 exist as 以形式(或形态)存在，作为而存在，exist on 靠生存；靠生活 Text Analysis2.By selling and producing products in different countries,an international company can

19、 be able to spread its risks and uncertainties of an economic downturn in a particular part of the world by diversifying its business globally.通过在各个国家生产和销售商品，这就可以在全球范围内分散某一特定地区因经济低迷而发生的风险和不确定因素。uncertainty 1.Uncertainty is a state of doubt about the future or about what is the right thing to do.不确定状

20、态例：.a period of political uncertainty.一段政治不稳定时期。downturn 1.If there is a downturn in the economy or in a company or industry,it becomes worse or less successful than it had been.衰退例：They predicted a severe economic downturn.他们预言将会有一次严重的经济衰退。economic downturn 经济低迷；经济不景气；经济滑坡 Text Analysis3.Another ta

21、ctic these governments use to protect their local markets is the introduction of heavy restrictions for foreign-owned companies to be established in their country;this is also known as red tape.政府保护他们当地市场的另一个策略手段就是对企图在他们国家落户的外国企业设置重重限制，这也被称为官样文章、红头文件。tactic tktik n.a plan for attaining a particular

22、goal策略，战略例：Over the next few months,however,that tactic will be difficult to sustain.然而在接下去的几个月这个策略将很难维持下去。Text Analysisrestriction 1.A restriction is an official rule that limits what you can do or that limits the amount or size of something.限制条例例：.the lifting of restrictions on political parties a

23、nd the news media.政党和新闻媒体限制条例的取消。2.You can refer to anything that limits what you can do as a restriction.限制例：His parents are trying to make up to him for the restrictions of urban living.他的父母正试图为城市生活的诸多限制而补偿他。red tape:Red tape is excessive regulation or rigid conformity to formal rules that is cons

24、idered redundant or bureaucratic and hinders or prevents action or decision-making.It is usually applied to governments,corporations and other large organizations 官样文章，红头文件Exercise:I.Answer the following questions according to the text:1.What is called globalization?2.What forces dose globalization

25、have?3.What are the positive impacts of globalization on international business?1.Goods and services produced in one part of the world are increasingly available in all parts of the world.International communication is commonplace.This phenomenon has been titled“globalization”.2.The same forces from

26、 globalization that allow businesses to operate as if national borders did not exist also allow social activists,labor organizers,journalists,academics,and many others to work on a global stage.3.One of the opportunities created by globalization for international businesses is that it creates bigger

27、 markets and another is what we call the business cycle.4.How many threats brought by globalization to the international business?5.What measures the government will take to protect the local company?6.How should the international do to deal with the local government protection?7.Whats the main obje

28、ctive of an international company?4.The biggest threat international businesses have to deal with is that of local governments and another threat international businesses face is language and cultural differences.5.To protect local companies,governments have imposed numerous sorts of barriers and re

29、gulations to keep the import of foreign goods at a minimum.Another tactic these governments use to protect their local markets is the introduction of heavy restrictions for foreign-owned companies to be established in their country;this is also known as red tape.6.To counter this threat internationa

30、l business can engage in a strategic alliance with a local company,which makes them part local,part international.7.The main objective of an international company is to combine its business practices from the different countries in which it operates to attain the lowest possible production cost and

31、highest possible profit.8.How should the international company do to overcome the language and cultural differences?9.How should the international company do can globalization have a positive effect on them?8.An international company must be able to modify their production capabilities to the specif

32、ic needs of the countries which they target.9.Globalization can have a positive effect on international businesses as long as the international corporations remain national responsive and know exactly what they are up against when entering foreign markets.10.How should we evaluate the globalization?

33、10.As Friedman says:Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive.It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic.While it is homogenizing cultures,it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider.Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark si

34、de.But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits.Just as capitalism requires a network of governing systems to keep it from devouring societies,globalization requires vigilance and the rule of law.Word PracticeFill in the blanks with appropriate words from the text.Theinitial letter of

35、 each word has been supplied for you.1.It is a c_ that American consumers have kept the world economy spinning.2.In the last two centuries,the human d_ of ecosystem has led to the daily extinction of 20 species.3.There is no a_ of any kind to change the private-sector basis of our economy.4.They sha

36、re much of their profile with many other strong beers,yet retain more i_.5.Immigrant advocates c_ that the current fee hike is far greater than any previous monplace 2.destruction 3.aspiration 4.individuality 5.counter 6.“Too big to fail”is a powerful b_ to entry,because no newcomer to an industry b

37、egins by being too big to fail.7.There are only three ways of securing action to further the public good:voluntary co-operation,market pressures and c_ action by a central authority.8.The process of engaging employees at all levels more fully in the business e_ them to assume certain responsibilitie

38、s and contribute to operational and product improvements.9.Establishment b_ trade district is one of efficient routes.10.These are typically clients who have an affinity for Asia and want to d_ their assets for portfolio reasons or to make investments here.6.barrier 7.coercive 8.empowering 9.border

39、10.diversify Word PracticeFill in the blanks with the appropriate words or phrases given in thebox.Change the forms where necessary.protective mitigate demonize consistentdemocratize strident devour dissectincredibly modify intensive1.Polaroid was _a protector of both its trademark and its patents.2

40、.Foreigners _American cultural exports,from Desperate Housewives to the Harvard Business Review.3.All we have to do is _the market into its component parts and look at how the parts operate.1.strident 2.devour 3.dissect4.First real estate developers to_,have great relations with the media.5.Please a

41、sk_ shipping terms instead of two equal shipments in May&June.6.Viktor Kremenyuk agrees his country must_,if it is to modernize its economy.But he says outside pressure could be counterproductive.7.Google became a very worthy like a verb within 24 hours at after it became a thing.So its an _entrepre

42、neurial.4.demonize 5.modify 6.democratize 7.incredibly8.As a result,the European Union,Japan and Korea have brought _accusation against the US to the WTO and are ready to take urgent measures.9.“The efforts to manage the size of our balance sheet are appropriate and our policies are _with all applic

43、able accounting and legal requirements.”a Bank of America spokesman said.10.People who want to learn how to start city farms can get _training at these workshops in Milwaukee.8.protective 9.consistent 10.intensive IV.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English:1.出口让我们的市场多元化，还可以平摊风险。2.改

44、革的障碍总是政治上的，而非经济上的。3.美国则必须改革在资产泡沫后出现的僵化规定。4.目前为止所有的迹象都表明中国在近几十年里将踏上民主之路。5.在那样的情况下，该体系可能需要添加一些鼓励持续发展的新合约。1.Exporting allows us to diversify our markets and spread our risk.2.The barrier to reform has always been political,not economic.3.America must counter the rigidities that have arisen after its as

45、set bust.4.Every indication so far is that China is on track to democratize within a few decades.5.In that event,new contracts to encourage consistent development may need to be added to the system.V.Reading comprehensionRead the text carefully,and choose the best answer.Long before the white man ca

46、me to the America,the land belonged to the American Indian nations.The nation of the Cherokees lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States.After the white man came,the Cherokees copied many of their ways.One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the

47、 white man.He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language.He began by making word pictures.For each word he drew a picture.But that proved impossible-there were just too many words.Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language.Using this own imagination and an English s

48、pelling book,Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound.His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn.Before long,many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language.By 1828,they were even printing their own newspaper.In 1830,the U.S.Congress passed a law.It allowed the government to remove I

49、ndians from their lands.The Cherokees refused to go.They had lived on their lands for centuries.It belonged to them.Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out.Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into

50、the western territory.The sick,the old and the small children went in carts,along with their belongings.The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback.It was November,yet many of them still wore their summer clothes.Cold and hungry,the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships o