高考英语一轮总复习优化课件(泉州专用)Unit13(北师大版必修5).ppt

1、Unit 13People人人1He had _(获得获得)himself a reputation for unfairness.2I remember you mentioned the same thing on a _(以前的以前的)occasion.基础盘点自测自评基础盘点自测自评gainedprevious3They made such great mistakes that they_(应受应受)to be punished.4He _(指责指责)his boss of having broken his word.5The umbrella is a only poor _(躲

2、避处躲避处)from heavy rain.deservedaccusedshelter6I have no _(欲望，渴望欲望，渴望)to discuss the question.7The latest developments _(证实证实)me in my belief.8I am _(感激的感激的)to have you help me repair the house.desireconfirmedgrateful9He gave a _(描写；叙描写；叙述述)of what he had seen.10You cant apply for the job until you ha

3、ve _(满足满足)certain conditions.11My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now _(自立的自立的)descriptionsatisfiedindependent12The fund is for _(缓缓解解)distress among the flood victims.13We appreciated his _(奉献奉献)of time and money to the project.relievingdevotion14I shall remember that h

4、appiness day _(永远永远)15Experts _(预言预言)modern kids will have poorer health than their parents.foreverpredict1_劝服某人做某事劝服某人做某事2_起草起草3_ 集中于；专心于集中于；专心于4_结果为结果为，以，以结束结束5_ 就某事来说，从某个就某事来说，从某个角度上看角度上看talk sb.into doing sth.draw upconcentrate onend upin terms of6_ 愿意做某事愿意做某事7_ 处理，应付处理，应付8_ 耐心对待某人耐心对待某人9_ 斥责或责备

5、某人斥责或责备某人10_ 怒视怒视be willing to do sth.deal withbe patient with sb.tell sb.offglare at11_ 突然想突然想到，猛然想到到，猛然想到12_ 说实话说实话13_ 禁不住要禁不住要做某事做某事14_ 把把比作比作come/spring to mindto be honestcant help doing pare.to.1_ you are a group leader.假设你是组长。假设你是组长。2_，look them up in a dictionary.如果有必要的话，就在词典中查一如果有必要的话，就在词典中

6、查一下它们。下它们。SupposeIf necessary3At work，_ gets you hired but _ gets you promoted.在工作中，正是智商使你得到雇用但在工作中，正是智商使你得到雇用但是情商使你被提升。是情商使你被提升。it is IQ thatit is EQ that4._ people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations；.毫无疑毫无疑问情商低的人在与人相处、处理困难局问情商低的人在与人相

7、处、处理困难局面方面常有困难；面方面常有困难；there is little doubt that5._ upset I got，_ I was able to concentrate.我越不安，就越不能集中精力。我越不安，就越不能集中精力。the morethe less考点串讲讲练互动考点串讲讲练互动1gainvt.&vi.&n获得，赢得；获得，赢得；(钟钟表表)走快；利益走快；利益(回归课本回归课本P4)Well，knowing these things can help you gain a better sense of yourself.噢，知道这些事情有助于更了解你自己噢，知道这

8、些事情有助于更了解你自己归纳拓展归纳拓展gain by/from.从从中获益中获益gain in 在在方面有所增加或增长方面有所增加或增长例句探源例句探源There is nothing to be gained from delaying the decision.推迟决定得不到任何好处。推迟决定得不到任何好处。Wine bars have gained in popularity in recent years.近年来，以供应葡萄酒为主的酒吧越近年来，以供应葡萄酒为主的酒吧越来越受欢迎。来越受欢迎。易混辨析易混辨析gain，acquire，earn，achieve(1)gain收获；获得。

9、指获得有用或必需收获；获得。指获得有用或必需的东西。可以用于体重、力量的增加，的东西。可以用于体重、力量的增加，奖学金的获得，更常用于经验、知识、奖学金的获得，更常用于经验、知识、教育、满足等的获得。教育、满足等的获得。(2)acquire购得，得到购得，得到(尤指昂贵的或尤指昂贵的或难以得到的东西难以得到的东西)；获得；获得,掌握掌握(知识、知识、技能等技能等)。(3)earn取得；赚得。通常指通过工作取得；赚得。通常指通过工作挣钱，也可以用于应该得到的东西，挣钱，也可以用于应该得到的东西，如支持、认同、声望或尊敬。如支持、认同、声望或尊敬。(4)achieve得到；获得。多指成就、目得到；

10、获得。多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。标、幸福的取得。(牛津牛津P835)Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.(牛津牛津P15)He had finally achieved success.(牛津牛津P17)She has acquired a good knowledge of English.(2011高考辽宁卷高考辽宁卷)You are old enough to earn your own living.即境活用即境活用1I dont think Cheng Fei should be to blame.What abo

11、ut you?Yes._.ANo pains，no gainsBEarly birds catch wormsCGreat minds think alikeDFacts speak louder than words解析：选解析：选C。考查交际用语。从。考查交际用语。从yes来来看看,答话人同意说话者的观点，只有答话人同意说话者的观点，只有“Great minds think alike.(英雄所见略英雄所见略同。同。)”符合语境。符合语境。No pains，no gains.不劳无获；不劳无获；Early birds catch worms.笨笨鸟先飞；鸟先飞；Facts speak lo

12、uder than words.事实胜于雄辩。事实胜于雄辩。2deservevt.应得，应受；值得应得，应受；值得(回归课本回归课本P8)For example，have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class，who you think deserve good grades，sometimes end up failing exams?例如：你是不是感到惊讶，为什么班例如：你是不是感到惊讶，为什么班里最聪明的学生，那些你认为应该成里最聪明的学生，那些你认为应该成绩很好的，有时会考试不及格呢？绩很好的

13、，有时会考试不及格呢？归纳拓展归纳拓展deserve blame/punishment 应受责备应受责备/惩罚惩罚deserve to be mentioned 值得一提值得一提例句探源例句探源She deserves a reward for her efforts.她积极努力，应得到奖赏。她积极努力，应得到奖赏。These proposals deserve serious consideration.这些建议值得认真考虑。这些建议值得认真考虑。即境活用即境活用2完成句子完成句子After all the efforts she has made，she _(得得到什么都是应该的到什么都是

14、应该的)deserves whatever she wants3accusevt.控告；指控控告；指控(回归课本回归课本P9)The man was accused of stealing money.那人被控告偷钱。那人被控告偷钱。归纳拓展归纳拓展例句探源例句探源She accused him of stealing her money.她控告他偷了她的钱。她控告他偷了她的钱。The boy was punished by his father for his stealing money.那孩子由于偷钱而受到了父亲的惩罚。那孩子由于偷钱而受到了父亲的惩罚。(朗文朗文P2046)Her fa

15、ther scolded her for upsetting her mother.她因惹母亲生气而遭父亲斥责。她因惹母亲生气而遭父亲斥责。即境活用即境活用3The shop assistant was dismissed as she was _ of cheating customers.AaccusedBchargedCscolded Dcursed解析：选解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意：。考查动词辨析。句意：那个售货员被解雇了，因为她被指控那个售货员被解雇了，因为她被指控欺骗顾客。欺骗顾客。be accused of“因某事而因某事而被指控被指控”；be charged with“因某

16、事因某事被起诉被起诉”；be scolded for“因因而而受责备受责备”；be cursed for“因因而受而受诅咒诅咒”。4concentratevt.&vi.集中集中(思想、注思想、注意力等意力等)(回归课本回归课本P5)Concentrate on what is really important.把注意力集中到真正重要的东西上去。把注意力集中到真正重要的东西上去。归纳拓展归纳拓展concentrate(sth.)on sth./doing sth.聚精聚精会神做某事会神做某事“专心致志于专心致志于”还有以还有以下几种说法：下几种说法：fix/focus ones attentio

17、n on/uponbe devoted tobe applied tobe buried inbe absorbed in例句探源例句探源I cant concentrate with all that noise going on.吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。I decided to concentrate all my efforts on studying.我决定全力以赴学习。我决定全力以赴学习。(朗文朗文P276)After the incident，she buried herself in her work.那件事情之那件事情之后，她埋头工作。后

18、，她埋头工作。即境活用即境活用4There is too much noise outside，I can hardly_my attention on my book.AfillBpayCconnect Dconcentrate解析：选解析：选D。句意：外面太吵了，我。句意：外面太吵了，我很难把注意力集中到书本上。很难把注意力集中到书本上。concentrate集中；集中；fill装满，充满，指装满，充满，指装满容器或者充满空间等，不能说装装满容器或者充满空间等，不能说装满注意力；满注意力；connect连接，联系；连接，联系；pay attention to sth.为固定搭配，为固定搭配

19、，pay attention不能与介词不能与介词on搭配。搭配。5desiren愿望，欲望，渴望愿望，欲望，渴望v.渴望，期望渴望，期望(回归课本回归课本P119)Tour guides need to be independent，outgoing and have a desire to share information.导游需要有独立的、外向的并有分享导游需要有独立的、外向的并有分享信息的意愿。信息的意愿。归纳拓展归纳拓展例句探源例句探源The fans of Liu Dehua have a strong desire to know his wedding date.刘德刘德华的歌

20、迷非常渴望知道他的婚期。华的歌迷非常渴望知道他的婚期。He expressed a desire that the papers should be made public.他表示很希望这些文件能公之于众。他表示很希望这些文件能公之于众。即境活用即境活用5完成句子完成句子(1)我不想再谈此事。我不想再谈此事。I _ to discuss the matter further.have no desire(2)想住在这个国家北方的人很少。想住在这个国家北方的人很少。Few people desire _.to live in the north of the country6aboardadv.

21、&prep.在船在船(飞机、车飞机、车)上，上船，上飞机上，上船，上飞机(回归课本回归课本P11)I feel that airlines should not allow newborn babies aboard their long distance flights.我认为航空公司不能允许新生儿登机进我认为航空公司不能允许新生儿登机进行远距离飞行。行远距离飞行。归纳拓展归纳拓展on board 在船上，在公共交通工具内在船上，在公共交通工具内across the board 全体，整体；全面全体，整体；全面be boarding 让乘客登机让乘客登机(或上船等或上船等例句探源例句探源We

22、 went on board the ship.我们登上了轮船。我们登上了轮船。Everyone aboard the plane got worried when the plane was out of control.当飞机失控时，机上的所有人当飞机失控时，机上的所有人都感到担心。都感到担心。易混辨析易混辨析aboard，board，abroadaboard adv./prep.在船在船(飞机、车飞机、车)上；上；上船上船(飞机、车飞机、车)(on board)boardn.木板；膳食；董事木板；膳食；董事会，理事会会，理事会v.上船上船(飞机、车飞机、车)；提；提供膳食供膳食abroa

23、dadv.在国外，到国外在国外，到国外The plane crashed，killing all 157 passengers aboard/on board.Passengers are waiting to board.即境活用即境活用6翻译句子翻译句子(1)他已经登机了。他已经登机了。_He was already aboard the plane.(2)该上轮船了。该上轮船了。_(3)他去世的消息很快传到了国外。他去世的消息很快传到了国外。_Its time to board the ship.The news of his death soon spread abroad.7anxi

24、etyn忧虑，担心忧虑，担心(回归课本回归课本P14)The day that I met my best friend for the first time，I was full of anxiety.我第一次遇见我最好的朋友的那天心我第一次遇见我最好的朋友的那天心里充满了忧虑。里充满了忧虑。归纳拓展归纳拓展例句探源例句探源(牛津牛津P75)Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety.有些有些住院病人十分焦虑不安。住院病人十分焦虑不安。His anxiety to succeed led him to work hard.

25、他渴望成功之心促使他努力工作。他渴望成功之心促使他努力工作。(朗文朗文P76)He was a bit anxious about the safety of the machinery.他有些担他有些担心机器的安全。心机器的安全。即境活用即境活用7用用anxiety的适当形式填空的适当形式填空(1)I am _ about her illness.(2)She tried hard to hide her _ about the result.anxiousanxiety8requirementn需要，要求；需要，要求；规定规定(回归课本回归课本P119)Can you think of a

26、ny jobs where this isnt a requirement？你能想到不需要这点的工作吗？你能想到不需要这点的工作吗？归纳拓展归纳拓展require vt.&vi.需要，要求需要，要求require to do要求做要求做require sb.to do要求某人做要求某人做require sth.to be done要求某事被做要求某事被做require doing/to be done要求被做要求被做require sth.of sb.要求某人某物要求某人某物require that.(should)动词原形要动词原形要求做求做It is/was required that.(

27、should)动动词原形词原形要求做要求做例句探源例句探源Our immediate requirement is extra staff.我们急需增加工作人员。我们急需增加工作人员。Not all goods satisfy the customers requirements.并非所有的商品都能满足顾客的需求。并非所有的商品都能满足顾客的需求。(朗文朗文P1946)Most house plants require regular watering.大多数室内盆栽植物需要定期浇水。大多数室内盆栽植物需要定期浇水。(2011高考湖北卷高考湖北卷)The staterun company is

28、 required to make its accounts as transparent as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.这这家国营公司被要求财务尽可能做到透家国营公司被要求财务尽可能做到透明，以便公司的员工能对资金的使用明，以便公司的员工能对资金的使用加以监督。加以监督。即境活用即境活用8It was required that all the waste paper _put into the rubbish bin.AwasBmustCbe Dshould解析：选解析：选C。“废纸废纸”和和“放放”之间为被之间

29、为被动关系，所以此处应用动关系，所以此处应用“should be”，should被省略。被省略。9confirmv证实；坚定证实；坚定(决心，决心，意见意见)使有信心使有信心(回归课本回归课本P14)After confirming that I was，Jenny said that she had noticed Id left my book in the library.在确在确定我是定我是(珍珍)之后，珍妮告诉我说她发之后，珍妮告诉我说她发现我把书落到图书馆里了现我把书落到图书馆里了归纳拓展归纳拓展onfirm sth.证实某事证实某事confirm that/wh 证实，确定证实，

30、确定confirm sb.in sb.s belief/opinion/view使某人的信念使某人的信念/意见意见/观点更加坚定观点更加坚定It is/has been confirmed that已经确定已经确定(1)(2)confirmation n.证实证实,确认书确认书,证明书证明书例句探源例句探源(牛津牛津P415)Im still waiting for confirmation of the test results.我仍在我仍在等待考试结果的通知书。等待考试结果的通知书。The experiment confirmed his theory.那个实验证实了他的理论。那个实验证实

31、了他的理论。The expression on his face confirmed me in my suspicions.他脸上的表情证实了我的怀疑。他脸上的表情证实了我的怀疑。即境活用即境活用9The President _ that he would visit France the following month.AdeservedBconfirmedCpredicted Ddoubted解析：选解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。句。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位总统证实说他下个月会访问意：这位总统证实说他下个月会访问法国。法国。confirm(进一步进一步)证实；证实；deserve值得

32、；值得；predict推测，预测；推测，预测；doubt怀怀疑。疑。A、C、D三项均不符合句意，故三项均不符合句意，故选选B。10sheltern居所，住处；遮蔽；居所，住处；遮蔽；避难处避难处vi.掩蔽；躲避掩蔽；躲避(回归课本回归课本P12)They might be sheltering in a cave.他们可能栖身在一个山洞里。他们可能栖身在一个山洞里。归纳拓展归纳拓展take shelter from the rain/wind/bad weather躲避雨躲避雨/风风/恶劣的天气恶劣的天气shelter.from.保护保护不受不受的的破坏破坏protect.from.保护保护免

33、于免于shelter from sth.躲避某事躲避某事例句探源例句探源Trees shelter the house from the wind.树给房子挡风。树给房子挡风。(牛津牛津P1838)People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire.人们人们拼命地找地方躲避炮火。拼命地找地方躲避炮火。即境活用即境活用10The mosque(清真寺清真寺)provided _ for hundreds of families whose homes had been flooded.AshelterBplaceCreligion D

34、thought解析：选解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。句。考查名词词义辨析。句意：清真寺为家园被洪水淹没的成百意：清真寺为家园被洪水淹没的成百上千的家庭提供庇护的地方。上千的家庭提供庇护的地方。shelter庇护；庇护；religion宗教；宗教；thought想法；想法；place地方，应用复数形式。地方，应用复数形式。11judgevt.判断；评价；判决；评判断；评价；判决；评判判(回归课本回归课本P16)Its difficult to judge but we thought they might be in the same class.很难判断但我们认为他们可能在同一很难判断但我们认

35、为他们可能在同一个班里个班里归纳拓展归纳拓展judging by/from根据根据作出判断，作出判断，从从来看来看judge sb./sth.评判某人评判某人/某物某物judge sb./sth.(to be)n./adj.认为某人认为某人/某物是某物是judge that.判断，估计判断，估计judgement n判断；评判判断；评判例句探源例句探源(2011高考福建卷高考福建卷)Id prefer to reserve my judgement until I find all the evidence.我宁愿保留我的判断直到我找到所有我宁愿保留我的判断直到我找到所有的证据。的证据。In

36、this fog，we cant judge how far it is to the other side of the river.在这样的大雾天气下，我们无法判断在这样的大雾天气下，我们无法判断到河对岸有多远。到河对岸有多远。Teachers tend to be judged by their students exam grades.人们常以学生的考试分数来评判教师人们常以学生的考试分数来评判教师的优劣。的优劣。即境活用即境活用11完成句子完成句子_(从他的外貌判断从他的外貌判断)，he lives a happy life.Judging from/by his appearanc

37、e12devotevt.献身；投入，专心；献身；投入，专心；热爱热爱(回归课本回归课本P17)She devotes a lot of her time to caring the neighbours.她把许她把许多时间用于关心邻居们。多时间用于关心邻居们。归纳拓展归纳拓展例句探源例句探源On Teachers Day，Wen Jiabao called on teachers to be devoted to their educational career.在教师节那天，温家宝号召教师们献在教师节那天，温家宝号召教师们献身于教育事业。身于教育事业。(牛津牛津P548)She devote

38、d herself to her career.她全力倾注于自己的事业。她全力倾注于自己的事业。(2010高考四川卷高考四川卷)If you have a job,do devote yourself to it and finally youll succeed.如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。它，最后你定能成功。即境活用即境活用12The time he has devoted in the past ten years _ the disabled is now considered _ of great value.Ato help；

39、being Bto helping；to beCto help；to be Dhelping；being解析：选解析：选B。devote.to doing sth.把把奉献于奉献于；be considered to be.被认为被认为。其中。其中he has devoted in the past ten years to helping the disabled为定语从句，修饰为定语从句，修饰the time。故选故选B。13accountantn会计师会计师(回归课本回归课本P15)As an experienced accountant，my father has gained the

40、respect of his colleagues.作为一名有经验的会计，我的父亲赢作为一名有经验的会计，我的父亲赢得了他同事的尊敬。得了他同事的尊敬。归纳拓展归纳拓展accountv认为，说明；总计有认为，说明；总计有 n(银行银行)账户；说明，理由；帐目账户；说明，理由；帐目,报道报道open an account开一个账户开一个账户account for说明说明(原因等原因等)；作出解释；作出解释on account of由于，因为由于，因为on no account决不决不(置于句首时，句子置于句首时，句子用部分倒装用部分倒装)on any account无论如何无论如何take ac

41、count oftake.into consideration考虑到考虑到keep an account of记录，记载记录，记载例句探源例句探源(2011高考天津卷高考天津卷)I opened a bank account after I made$1,000 by doing a parttime job during the summer vacation.暑假兼职打工挣了暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后，我在美元后，我在银行开了帐户。银行开了帐户。He could not account for his foolish mistake.他无法解释他所犯的愚蠢的错误。他无法解释他所犯的愚蠢

42、的错误。The company takes account of environmental issues.这家公司考虑到了环境问题。这家公司考虑到了环境问题。(牛津牛津P13)She retired early on account of ill health.由于体弱多病，她提前退休了。由于体弱多病，她提前退休了。(朗文朗文P14)There neednt be any more worries on that account.没有必要再为没有必要再为那事担忧了。那事担忧了。即境活用即境活用13_his knowledge of the mountainous country，John S

43、mith was appointed as our guide.AIn spite ofBOn account ofCRegardless of DInstead of解析：选解析：选B。句意：由于约翰。句意：由于约翰史密斯史密斯有丰富的山区知识，因此他被任命为有丰富的山区知识，因此他被任命为我们的向导。我们的向导。on account of由于，因由于，因为。为。14talk sb.into(doing)sth.说服某人说服某人做某事做某事(回归课本回归课本P8)Go and see your teacher and try to talk him or her into giving yo

44、u a better grade.去见你的老师并努力去说服他去见你的老师并努力去说服他/她给你她给你更高的分。更高的分。归纳拓展归纳拓展talk sb.out of(doing)sth.说服某人打消说服某人打消的念头的念头persuade sb.to do/into doing sth.说服说服某人做某事某人做某事persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人说服某人不要做某事不要做某事advise sb.to do sth.劝说某人做某事劝说某人做某事advise sb.not to do sth.劝说某人不做劝说某人不做某事某事例句探源例句探源It took me a

45、long time to talk him into joining us.说服他加入到我们中来花了我很长时说服他加入到我们中来花了我很长时间。间。(朗文朗文P1704)I finally managed to persuade her to go out for a drink with me.我终于想办法说服了她和我出去喝我终于想办法说服了她和我出去喝一杯。一杯。即境活用即境活用14I tried millions of times，but I can never _ him _ smoking.Aask；forBpersuade；intoCtalk；into Dtalk；out of解析

46、：选解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。句。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试了很多次，但我从来不能说意：我试了很多次，但我从来不能说服他不吸烟。服他不吸烟。ask sb.for sth.请求某人请求某人某事；某事；persuade/talk sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事；说服某人做某事；talk sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事，符合句意。说服某人不做某事，符合句意。15end up最后有某种结局，结果为最后有某种结局，结果为，结束，结束(回归课本回归课本P8)For example，have you ever wondered why some of th

47、e smartest students in your class，who you think deserve good grades，sometimes end up failing exams?例如：你是不是感到惊讶，为什么班例如：你是不是感到惊讶，为什么班里最聪明的学生，那些你认为应该成里最聪明的学生，那些你认为应该成绩很好的，有时会考试不及格呢？绩很好的，有时会考试不及格呢？归纳拓展归纳拓展end up doing最后结果是最后结果是end up with.以以而结束而结束end up in.结果为结果为，最终会，最终会come to an end结束结束put.to an endpu

48、t an end to使使终止终止in the end最后，终于最后，终于by the end of到到末为止末为止例句探源例句探源Hell end up in prison if hes not careful.如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。We were going to go out，but ended up watching videos.我们原计划外出，但结果却是在家看我们原计划外出，但结果却是在家看录像。录像。Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.在比赛中获在比赛中

49、获胜使他的财政问题随之消失。胜使他的财政问题随之消失。即境活用即境活用15翻译句子翻译句子(1)我可不想弄到最后和那个故事中的我可不想弄到最后和那个故事中的人一样。人一样。_I dont want to end up like that man in the story.(2)大多数减肥的人最后又胖了。大多数减肥的人最后又胖了。_Most slimmers end up putting weight back on.16draw up起草，拟订，拉起，起草，拟订，拉起，(车车辆辆)停止停止(回归课本回归课本P8)Draw up an agenda and discuss it with the

50、 group.起草一份议程起草一份议程表和大家讨论一下。表和大家讨论一下。归纳拓展归纳拓展draw in(白昼白昼)变短变短draw out(白昼白昼)变长变长draw back后退，闪开后退，闪开draw near(时间或空间时间或空间)临近，接近临近，接近draw on(指时间指时间)渐渐过去渐渐过去draw off使流走，排掉使流走，排掉例句探源例句探源You draw up a list of names first and we shall discuss it at the meeting tomorrow.你先草拟一份名单，我们要在明天的会你先草拟一份名单，我们要在明天的会议上讨