高考专题复习-名词性从句课件.ppt

1、直达目标：直达目标：1.了解高考名词性从句考点 2.能够比较准确的选对名词性从句引导词 基础知识1.宾语从句 的知识图1)引导词2)时态 一致3)语序 陈述含义一般疑问含义特殊疑问含义thatWh-等疑问词主句:现在/将来时主句:过去时从句:时态不变从句:对应的过去时陈述句语序特殊情况从句客观真理/名言等名词性从句whether/if4)语气“建议命令要求”的从句(should)do链接考点链接考点 1、引导词、引导词 that 与与 what；that 与与 whether；if 与与 whether；what 与与 how等的区别；等的区别；2、名词性从句的时态和语序问题；、名词性从句的时

2、态和语序问题；3、名词性从句的虚拟语气问题；、名词性从句的虚拟语气问题；4、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别；、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别；5、it做形式主语做形式主语/宾语的情况。宾语的情况。1、名词性从句中的时态问题、名词性从句中的时态问题问题问题1：1、Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _ today.(05北京卷)A.arent;are B.arent;were C.werent;are D.werent;were 2、Hurry up!Alice and Sue are waiting for you

3、at the school gate.Oh!I thought they _ without me.(05江西卷)Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone C CD D链链接接高高考考主句：现在时主句：现在时/将来时将来时主句：过去时主句：过去时从句：各种时态从句：各种时态从句：相应的过去时态从句：相应的过去时态2、名词性从句中的语序问题、名词性从句中的语序问题问题问题1：1、Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.(全国2000)A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.wh

4、o it is 2、The photographs will show you _（MET1989）A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like D DB B名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题1中的干扰项是B，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用 it 而不用人称代词 he,I,you 等。题2只要注意是介词宾语就行了。链链接接高高考考3、名词性从句的引导词问题、名词性从句的引导词问题问题问

5、题1：Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago,_ it was so poorly equipped.（05安徽卷）A.what;when B.that;which C.what;which D.which;that A A前句考查的是 that 与 what 的区别。that 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，而 what 可充当名词性的成分。前句的表语从句中还缺少表语，故只能用 what。后句是定语从句，修饰 20 years ago，所以须用 when。链链接接高高

6、考考解题小技巧：解题小技巧：问题问题2：1)What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(上海2001)A.when B.if C.whether D.why2)Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth.（05天津卷）A.不填 B.whether C.how D.what C CB B 在名词性从句中表示“是否”这一概念时，连词 if

7、一般只能引导宾语从句，而题1是表语从句，故不能选B；注意doubt 的用法，如果是肯定句，用 whether，如果是否定句，用 that。宾语从句中，以下情况只用 whether 不用 if：与 or 连用时；后接不定式短语时；在 decide;be sure 等动词后。链链接接高高考考Whether&If只用whether不用if的情况：1.引导表语、同位语及位于句首的主语从句 2.作介词宾语 3.与“or not”连着使用时4.与不定式连用时5.discuss/decide等后的宾语从句6.与or连用，表示选择“是还是”在引导否定概念的宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether.He a

8、sked me if I hadnt finished my work.问题问题3：_ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.(MET1988)A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.WhoC C whoever 引导名词性从句时表示“无论哪一个”，相当于 anyone who；who 引导名词性从句时表示带有疑问的“谁”。根据该题的意思不难作出选择。选项A,B后都缺少了 who，而引导定语从句的 who 是不能省略的。同时还需要注意 whoever 与 no matter who;whatever 与

9、no matter what 等的区别。wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句，而 no matter wh-只能引导状语从句。链链接接高高考考问题问题4：1)I was surprised by her words,which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made.（05湖南卷）A.what B.that C.how D.which 2)Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.（04广东）A.that

10、 B.howC.such D.so A AB B what 与 how 引导感叹句时，what 后加名词，how 后加形容词和副词。其结构为：What+(a/an)+(adj.)+n.但要注意在 what 后不能加表示数量的 many;much;few;little 等词。How+adj.+(a/an)+(n.)，要注意的是 how 后的名词只能为单数名词。题1中是复数名词，只能用 what；题2中的正常语序是 education is important to their，所以选B。链链接接高高考考4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气 A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气、宾语从句中的虚拟语

11、气在动词 suggest,order,demand,request,desire,insist,require,decide,determine,advise,recommend,deserve(值得提及)后需用 should 型的虚拟语气。1.The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock.A.finished B.be finished C.should finish D.finish2.-What did the doctor say about your mothers illness?-He suggested that sh

12、e _ an operation at once.A.must haveB.hadC.haveD.had hadB BC C点击考题：点击考题：B、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在 suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。My idea is that we(should)get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we(should)hold a m

13、eeting next week.考题点击：考题点击：1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can tryA AC、主语从句中的虚拟语气、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：基本句型：a.It is suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted；+(should)do b.It is important,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable

14、,imperative(必须的)c.It is a pity,a shame,no wonder 考题点击：考题点击：1.Is it necessary that he _ the examination?A.takesB.has to takeC.must takeD.take2.It is strange that he _ you this.A.would tell B.should tell C.had told D.has toldD DB B5、it 作形式主语或形式宾语的问题作形式主语或形式宾语的问题 问题问题1：1、_ is a fact that English is bei

15、ng accepted as an international language.(NMET1995)A.There B.This C.That D.It2、I like_ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（04全国I）A thisB that C itD one 3、The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.（05全国卷1）Athat Bit Cthis Dhim D DC CB B主语、宾语从句常用

16、先行词 it 代替，而将其置于句末。但由 whatever,whoever 引导的主语从句一般不用 it 代替。6、同位语从句与定语从句的区别、同位语从句与定语从句的区别What is the suggestion?The suggestion is that we discuss the problem all over again.Which suggestion was a good one?The suggestion that he gave at the meeting.同位语同位语定语定语链接高考链接高考 The fact has worried many scientists

17、_ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.(2009 江西)A.what B.which C.that D.thoughC缺少同位语从句引导词词，从句表达是陈述含缺少同位语从句引导词词，从句表达是陈述含义，故选义，故选that7、其它需要注意的几个问题、其它需要注意的几个问题1)在 think,believe,suppose,expect,guess 等动词后的否定 前移问题；2）在 hope,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,think,expect,tell,say,fear 以及 be afraid 等词语后，可用 so 代替一个宾语从句(指代上文涉及之事)。3）记住同位语从句的“先行词”，如：“advice,belief(信念),doubt(怀疑),fact,fear,hope,idea,knowledge,news,order,problem,question,remark(意见),reply,report,suggestion,thought(想法),wish,”等。