名词性从句考点复习整理课件.ppt

1、一、找出以下句子的成分（主、谓、宾、表、一、找出以下句子的成分（主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补）定、状、补）1.Mouse loves rice.2.God is a girl.3.I am Miss Chen,the head teacher of Class 1.4(1)His job is important.(2)What he does is important.5(1)This is his job.(2)This is what he does every day.6(1)I dont like his job.(2)I dont like what he does every da

2、y.7(1)I dont know the man,Mr.White.(2)I dont know the fact that he is a teacher.二、名词从句二、名词从句(Noun Clauses)在句子中起在句子中起_作用的句子，作用的句子，相当于相当于_ 在复合句中能担任在复合句中能担任_、_、_、_等等根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为_(Subject Clause)、_(Predicative Clause)、_(Object Clause)_(Appositive Clause)三、名词性从句三、名词性从句考点：考点：that,whe

3、ther,if what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,howwhatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whosever合成一个句子：合成一个句子：1)He would be back in an hour.He saidHe said(that)he would be back in an hour.2)Do they speak English?We want to knowWe want to know if/whether they can speak English.3)What is her name?He a

4、sks meHe asks me what her name is.考点考点1.语序语序:连接词陈述句连接词陈述句注意：在注意：在think,believe,suppose,expect 等等动词之后动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上，移到主句的谓语上，称为否定转移。称为否定转移。I dont think he will see you.We dont expect he is coming.I dont believe he will go.考点考点1.语序语序:连接词陈述句连接词陈述句 No one can be sure _ in a millio

5、n years.A.what will man look like B.what man will look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like考点考点1.语序语序:连接词陈述句连接词陈述句1)When will Professor Li give us a talk?We wanted to know We wanted to know when Professor Li would give us a talk.2)Jim is a good student.The teacher said The teache

6、r said(that)Jim was a good student.3)Has Mr.Green been in Beijing for five years?He asked He asked if/whether Mr.Green had been in Beijing for five years.1.如果主句是如果主句是过去的时态过去的时态(包括包括一般过去时一般过去时,过去进过去进行时行时),那么从句的时态一定要用那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某相对应的过去的某种时态。种时态。2.主句的动词用主句的动词用过去过去时，从句表示时，从句表示客观事实，客观事实，格言，谚语格言，谚语

7、等，从句谓语动词用等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时一般现在时Our physics teacher once told us that light _(travel)faster than sound.travels3.主句的动词用主句的动词用一般现在时一般现在时，从句谓语可，从句谓语可根据根据从句谓语动词发生的时间选用从句谓语动词发生的时间选用各种各种时态时态Tom says that Mary _(go)abroad last year and _(be)there for nearly 5 months.wenthas been1)何时开会还没有决定。何时开会还没有决定。When the m

8、eeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.2)他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般一般用用_形形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用语动词则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用个主语从句，谓语动词用_形式。形式。单数单数复数复数hasWhen they will start and where they will go _(have

9、)not been decided yet.3)何时何地开会还没有决定。何时何地开会还没有决定。When and where the meeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.has单数单数have1.引导词引导词that（当名词性从句中不缺任何（当名词性从句中不缺任何成分时用成分时用that)that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：单个宾语从句单个宾语从句中的中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：1.主语从句主语从句2.表语从句表语从句3.同位语从句同位语从句4.用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句5.并

10、列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用that/省略省略1)I dont think _ she is coming.2)It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3)The reason is _ he is careless.4)The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5)I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud

11、.6)He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用2.其它连接代词和副词的选用其它连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。作用，同时在从句中充当各

12、种成分。考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用1)我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.2)我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3)我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.4)这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwho

13、whatwhere考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用1)I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.2)His mother is satisfied with what he has done.3)That he was able to come made us happy.4)This is what makes us interested.5)The reason was that Tom had never seen the million-pound note before.所引导的从句中是否所引导

14、的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语缺主语、表语或宾语汉语意义汉语意义能否省略能否省略whatthat考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用3.that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。填填that 还是还是 what？1)_ he wants is a book.2)_ he wants to go there is obvious.3)The result is _ we won the game.4)This is _ we want to know.5)Is _ he told us true?6)We s

15、hould pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7)I have no doubt _ he will come.8)I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用1)在主语从句中，只有用在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语作形式主语时时,whether和和if 都能引导主语从句都能引导主语从句,否否则则,也只能用也只能用whether。如。如:Whether we shall attend the

16、meeting hasnt been decided yet.It hasnt been decided whether(if)we shall attend the meeting.考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用4.if 和和whether 的选用的选用2)在表语从句和同位语从句中。如：在表语从句和同位语从句中。如：The question is whether the film is worth seeing.The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连

17、接词的选用4.if 和和whether 的选用的选用3)在介词之后。在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略介词往往可以省略)如如:It all depends(on)whether they will support us.4)后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：He doesnt know whether to stay or not.5)后面紧接后面紧接or not 时。如：时。如：We didnt know whether or not she was ready.考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用4.if 和和whether 的选用的选用4.if 和和

18、whether 的选用的选用不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：1）主语从句）主语从句2）表语从句）表语从句3）同位语从句）同位语从句4）介词后的宾语从句）介词后的宾语从句5）whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do6）whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从连在一起引导宾语从句时不用句时不用if.考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用if/whether1)I asked her _ she had a bike.2)_ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends

19、on the weather.3)Were worried about _ he is safe.4)I dont know _ he is well or not.5)I dont know _ or not he is well.6)The question is _ he should do it.7)The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8)I dont know _ to go.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhet

20、herwhether考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用基本句型基本句型：It is+形容词、名词、过去分词形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)do 形容词:important,necessary,natural,strange 名词:a pity,a shame,no wonder 过去分词:suggested,ordered,demanded,insisted 1.It is ordered that he _ the examination?A.takes B.has to take C.must take D.take2.It is strange

21、that he _ you this.A.would tell B.should tell C.had told D.has toldWe suggested that the meeting _A.should put off B.be put off C.was put off D.putting off表示建议、要求、命令、坚持等动词表示建议、要求、命令、坚持等动词suggest,insist,advise,propose,demand,require,request,order,command后的从句谓语动词用后的从句谓语动词用_注意注意:suggest 当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、

22、表明”讲时，讲时，insist 表示表示“坚持认为坚持认为”之意时，从句不用虚之意时，从句不用虚拟语气拟语气(should)+do/be doneThe smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.wasa.I wish I _(know)the answer now.b.I wish he _(pass)the exam yesterday.c.I wish I _(fly)to the moon in a few years.1.对现在虚拟时对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时从句中谓语

23、用过去时2.对过去虚拟时对过去虚拟时，用用had过去分词过去分词3.对将来虚拟时对将来虚拟时，用用would(might等等)动词原形动词原形knewhad passedwould fly在在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice 等等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即即_1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try2.The order given by

24、 the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to.A.stopped B.didnt stop C.stop D.not stop(should)+do/be done1.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3.It is obvious to the students w

25、hether they should get well prepared for their future.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not.itItthatwhether找出下列句子中的错误找出下列句子中的错误当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句_，而用，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。作为形式主语置于句首。it 也可也可作形式宾语作形式宾语。后置后置考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语用用it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(1)It is名词从句名词从句 It

26、is a fact that 事实是事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that是常识是常识(2)It is形容词从句形容词从句(多用多用 should)It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语(3)It is 不及物动词从句不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 It appears that 似乎似乎(4)It is 过去分词从句

27、过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道据报道 It has been proved that 已证实已证实 It is said that 据说据说考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语1）It is certain that he will come.2）It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.3）It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语

28、和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语在宾语从句中在宾语从句中,如果宾语从句后有宾语如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语，为了保持句子平衡补足语，为了保持句子平衡,用用it作形式作形式宾语宾语,将从句放于句尾将从句放于句尾,常用于此句型的常用于此句型的动词有动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think.1）I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.2）I think it a pity to waste the food.考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语考点考点7 同位语从

29、句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词连接词+从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact,idea,news,information,order,belief,advice,suggestion等抽象名词等抽象名词3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where 等来引导同位等来引导同位语从句。语从句。1)I have no idea _ he comes from.2)He cant answer the question _ he got the

30、money.3)He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4)I have no doubt _ he will win.5)I have some doubt _ he will win.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别4.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句同位语从句说明说明的名词大都

31、是抽象名词的名词大都是抽象名词;定语从句定语从句所所修饰、限定修饰、限定的名词或代词有的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。抽象的也有不抽象的。We express the hope that they will come to visit China again.Those who want to go please sign their names here.1)The news that he told us made us happy.2)The news that we won the game made us happy.3)We will consider the suggestio

32、n that we should build a new library.4)We will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the meeting.同位语从句同位语从句or定语从句定语从句?定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别5)The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year.6)The news that Mike would go abroad next y

33、ear is told by him.7)She expressed the hope that they would come to visit Shanghai again.8)The hope(that)she expressed is that they would come to visit Shanghai again.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句同位语从句or定语从句定语从句?请看这两句有什么不同？The news that Mr.Li will be our new E

34、nglish teacher is true.The news that he told me yesterday is true.考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别定语从句同位语从句that4.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别The news that they won the match is true.(news和从句没有逻辑关系和从句没有逻辑关系)The order when we should go back hasnt reached us.(order和从句没有逻辑关系和从句没有逻辑关系)The news that you told us

35、 yesterday is true.(news是是told的逻辑宾语的逻辑宾语)The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten.(day是是founded 的逻辑状语的逻辑状语)考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句同位语从句所说明的名词与从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系没有逻辑关系；定语从句定语从句所限定的名词是所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。语、表语、定语、状语等。4.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别 疑问词+ever既可以

36、引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。Whatever/No matter what he says,I will never believe him.I believe whatever he says.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_he or she wants.A however B whatever C whichever D whenever whoever=anyone who whomever=anyone whom whoseever=anyone whose whatever=anything that who 与 whoever 的区别 who 是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，whoever 相当于 anyone who“无论谁”Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.Can you tell me who that gentleman is?祝您成功！