初中英语中考词性转换汇总（背单词事半功倍）.doc

1、中考英语词性转换汇总一、名词 形容词3A.名词+yrain - rainycloud - cloudywind - windysnow - snowyhealth - healthyluck - luckyanger - angryguilt - guiltytourist - touristysalt - saltysilk - silkysleep - sleepy注意：1）如果以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写辅音字母再加 -y。如：sun - sunny, fun - funny, fog - foggy, fur - furry2）少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容

2、词时，应去掉e再加 -y。如：noise - noisy, ice - icy, shine - shiny, taste - tastyB.名词+edspot - spottedtalent - talentedorganize - organizedbalance - balancedC.名词+fulcare - carefulthank - thankfulhelp - helpfuluse - usefulmeaning - meaningfulD.名词+lesscare - carelessuse - uselesshope - hopelesshome - homelessE.-c

3、e改为-tdifference - differentsilence - silentconfidence - confidentF.名词+lyfriend - friendlylove - lovelylive - livelyG.名词+ousdanger - dangerousH.名词+almusic - musicalmedicine - medicalI.名词+ableadjust - adjustablevalue - valuableJ.名词+enwood - woodenwool - woolenK.名词+ese, ish, n（国籍）China - ChineseJapan -

4、 JapaneseEngland - EnglishAmerica - AmericanIndia - IndianAustralia - AustralianCanada - Canadian二、动词 名词A.词形不变，词性改变workstudywaterplantB.动词+er, orwork - workerteach - teachersing - singerjump - jumperplay - playerlearn - learnervisit - visitorinvent - inventorcollect - collector注意：1)以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-

5、r. 例如：drive - driver, write - writer等。2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er 例如：run - runner, win - winner, begin - beginner等。C.动词+mentachieve - achievementadvertise - advertisementagree - agreementdisgree - disagreementamuse - amusementimprove - improvementcommit - commitmentdevelop - developme

6、ntdepart - departmentgovern - governmentmanage - managementequip - equipmentargue - argumentD.动词+ion/ tion/ sionattract - attractioninstruct - instructioninvent - inventiondiscuss - discussionexpress - expressioneducate - educationgraduate - graduationoperate - operationcompete - competitionorganize

7、 - organizationdecide - decisionconclude - conclusiondescribe - descriptionE.动词+anceappear - appearanceperform - performanceaccept - acceptanceF.动词+ingmeet - meetingbuild - buildingwait - waitingbathe - bathingsay - sayingmean - meaningend - endingtrain - trainingwash - washing注意：以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字

8、母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing如：swim - swimming, shop - shopping, begin - beginningG.特殊情况beg - beggarbehave - behaviorknow - knowledgefly - flightmix - mixturepress - pressuresit - seatsucceed - successtour - tourist三、动词 形容词A.动词+ableaffordaffordablelovelovableB.动词+ing/ ed加ing，表示的是事物的一个特征，可以翻译为“令人的”；加ed，表示事物

9、受到特定刺激后的一种感受，可以翻译为“感到的”“受到的”。amaze: v.使大为惊奇amazing: adj.令人惊诧的，惊人的；令人惊喜的 amazed: adj.十分惊奇的，惊愕的annoy: v.烦扰，打搅，使烦恼annoying: adj.讨厌的，恼人的annoyed: 生气的，烦恼的astonish: v.使吃惊；使惊讶astonishing: adj.令人惊讶的；惊人的astonished: adj.感到震惊的；觉得惊骇的confuse: v.使困惑，使糊涂；使混乱confusing: adj.令人困惑的confused: adj.感到困惑的convince: v.使某人信服;c

10、onvincing: adj.令人信服的convinced: adj.感到信服的delight: v.使某人高兴;delighting(delightful): adj.愉快的；吸引人的；有趣的delighted: 感到高兴的depress: v.使忧郁，使沮丧depressing: adj.令人低落(沮丧)的depressed: 感到沮丧的disappoint: v.使某人失望;disappointing: adj.令人失望的disappointed: adj.感到失望的discourage: v.使某人泄气;discouraging: adj.令人泄气的;discouraged: adj.感到泄气的disgust: v.使人厌恶;disgusting: adj.令人厌恶的disgusted: adj.反感的，厌恶的，憎恶的embarrass: v.使人尴尬;embarrassing: adj.令人尴尬的embarrassed: adj.感到尴尬的encourage: v.使有勇气;encouraging: adj.令人鼓舞的encouraged: adj.感到鼓舞的