新人教版英语必修5高考一轮复习Unit-1-Great-scientists-课件.ppt

1、必修五必修五Unit 1 Great scientists一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 根据词性和词义写出单词。根据词性和词义写出单词。1._ n.柄；把手柄；把手v.处理处理2._ vt.宣告；通知宣告；通知3._ adv.立即；马上立即；马上4._ vt.&vi.结束；推断出结束；推断出5._ vt.&vi.重复；重做重复；重做6._ n.治愈；痊愈治愈；痊愈 vt.痊愈痊愈7._ vt.暴露；揭露暴露；揭露8._ n.看法，见解；景色看法，见解；景色9._ n.增加；加增加；加10._ adv.&adj.向后地向后地handleannounce immediately concluderep

2、eatcureexposeviewadditionbackward 11._ adj.严格的，严密的严格的，严密的12._ vt.拒绝拒绝13._ v.责备；责备；谴责谴责 n.过失；责备过失；责备14._ adj.完成的完成的 vt.完成，结束完成，结束15._ vt.&n.控制；支配控制；支配16._ n.病毒病毒17._ v.看护；照料；出席；参加看护；照料；出席；参加18._ n.发动机；引擎发动机；引擎19._ vt.击败；战胜击败；战胜 n.失败失败20._ vt.通知；指示；教导通知；指示；教导instruct strict rejectblamecompletecontrolv

3、irusattendenginedefeat二、单词运用二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。个恰当的单词或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Wilson_ Jason by about a meter and won the race at last.2.Keep indoors and dont_ your skin to the sun,or youll get sunburned.3.The other day Henry lost_ of himself and hit his wife,

4、but later he made an apology to her.4.After thinking long hard about it,weve c_ that the right decision is to move to Chicago.5.By a_ the parts of the sentence we can learn more about English grammar.defeated exposecontrol concludeanalysing 6.The c_ I like best in her is her modesty and kindness.7.A

5、_ in her papers,she didnt notice my coming.8.The result of this examination will be_(宣布宣布)tomorrow.9.Apart_ the construction mentioned above,you have also learned the following phrases.10.Although he had tried to ignore them,all his mathematical calculations led_ the same conclusion:that the earth w

6、as not the centre of the solar system.to characteristic Absorbedannounced from三、词语派生三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.The news was so_(inspire)that all of us were_(inspire).2.We must prevent the water from_(pollute).3.We should study hard and be ready to make greater _(contribute)to our country

7、 in the future.4.He did not show any_(enthusiastic)for our new plans.5.The May 4th_(move)of 1919 is very important in the history of China.inspiringinspired being polluted contributions enthusiasm Movement 6.There was a large_(attend)at the meeting.7.There used to be a kind of what was called“litera

8、ture of _(expose)”in the 1980s in China.8.The arrival of canals was of great_(valuable)to many industries.9.He is very cautious about committing himself to anything while his brother is very_(cautious).10.He took a step backward in order to take three steps_(backward).attendance exposure value incau

9、tious forward 四、词语互译四、词语互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1._ 1._ 蒸汽机蒸汽机 2._ 2._ 提出提出 3._ 3._ 得出结论得出结论 4._ 4._ 也；另外也；另外 5._ 5._ 将将和和连接起来连接起来6._ 6._ 除除之外；此外之外；此外 7._ 7._ 对对严格严格 8._ 8._ 通向；导致通向；导致 9._ 9._ 有意义；说得通有意义；说得通 steam engineput forwarddraw/make a conclusionin additionlink toapart from(be)stri

10、ct withlead tomake sense10.point of view _11.cure sb.of a disease_12.attend(on)sb._ 13.make up _14.the way _e to an end _16.take up _17.know about _18.look into _态度；观点态度；观点治愈某人嫉病治愈某人嫉病看护看护/照料某人照料某人和解；化妆和解；化妆/装；虚构（故事等）装；虚构（故事等）道路；方法；程度道路；方法；程度结束；完成结束；完成开始从事；占据开始从事；占据知道；了解知道；了解调查；研究调查；研究五、词组运用五、词组运用词组

11、填空词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选出一根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选出一个适当的词组并用其适当的形式填空。个适当的词组并用其适当的形式填空。1.Several important plans_ at yesterdays meeting.2._,the children were taught how to play the piano.3.Differences of opinion_ heated discussion.4.Thank you very much for the information,Sir and Ill get one of our detectiv

12、es to_ the matter.were put forwardIn additionled tolook into翻译填空翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选出一个恰当根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选出一个恰当的词组完成句子。的词组完成句子。5.在经过了长期的繁荣之后，在经过了长期的繁荣之后，这个家族最终走向灭亡。这个家族最终走向灭亡。After a long period of prosperity,the family_.6.除了沉溺于电脑游戏，除了沉溺于电脑游戏，他似乎无事可做。他似乎无事可做。_ his being addicted to the computer games,he

13、 seems to have nothing to do.7.这段不知所云的文章读起来很费劲。这段不知所云的文章读起来很费劲。The paragraph which doesnt_ is hard to read.came to an end Apart from make sense句子翻译句子翻译 从上述短语中选出一个恰当的短语翻译下列从上述短语中选出一个恰当的短语翻译下列句子。句子。8.你在国外时，是哪些好心人在照料你呀？你在国外时，是哪些好心人在照料你呀？_?9.他擅长编故事。他擅长编故事。_.10.五十岁时，他开始从事一门新的职业，对于这个职五十岁时，他开始从事一门新的职业，对于这个

14、职业他一直梦寐以求。业他一直梦寐以求。_.He began to take up a new career at the age of fifty,which he had been dreaming of.Which kind people were attending(on)you when you were abroad?He is good at making up stories.六、语法填空六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用

15、括号中词语的正确形式填空。正确形式填空。John Snow was 31_ well-known doctor in London in 32_ 19th century.He wanted to find the cause of cholera in order to control 33_.In 1854 when a cholera broke out,he began to gather information.He marked on a map where all the 34_(die)people had lived 35_ he found that many people

16、 36_ had drunk the dirty water from the water pump died.So he decided that the 37_(pollute)water carried cholera.He suggested that the source of all water supply 38_ examined and new methods 39_ dealing with polluted water be found.Finally,“King Cholera”was 40_(defeat).a the it dead and who/that pol

17、luted(should)be of defeated 七、基础写作七、基础写作 用括号中所给的词或词组翻译下列句子，然后用括号中所给的词或词组翻译下列句子，然后将这些句子联成一篇将这些句子联成一篇5句话连贯的短文。句话连贯的短文。1众所周知，比尔众所周知，比尔 盖茨以其计算机软件而出名盖茨以其计算机软件而出名,他在计算机他在计算机科学领域里所表现出来的富有创造性的劳动科学领域里所表现出来的富有创造性的劳动,为我们树立了很好为我们树立了很好的榜样。的榜样。(be well known;be famous for;scientific field;creative;set an example)

18、2比尔比尔 盖茨从小就对计算机充满了无限的热情和兴趣，十盖茨从小就对计算机充满了无限的热情和兴趣，十三岁时进入一所私人学校开始了计算机软件研究。三岁时进入一所私人学校开始了计算机软件研究。(be enthusiastic about sth.;be interested in sth.;to take up)31973年，比尔年，比尔 盖茨进入哈佛大学，全神贯注于计算机基盖茨进入哈佛大学，全神贯注于计算机基础语言的研究和发展。础语言的研究和发展。(with absorbed interest)41975年，比尔年，比尔 盖茨退出哈佛大学，开办微软公司，他对盖茨退出哈佛大学，开办微软公司，他对工

19、作的严格认真导致了他的巨大成功，为计算机软件的不断更工作的严格认真导致了他的巨大成功，为计算机软件的不断更新作出了卓越的贡献。新作出了卓越的贡献。(be strict in/with;lead to;make remarkable contributions to)5他相信个人计算机将成为办公室和家庭中非常有价值的工他相信个人计算机将成为办公室和家庭中非常有价值的工具，这无疑是我们社会生活中的又一重大变革。具，这无疑是我们社会生活中的又一重大变革。(valuable;revolution)As is well known,Bill Gates is famous for his softwar

20、e for personal computer and sets a good example to us for his creative labor shown in the computer scientific field.Bill Gates was enthusiastic about the computer and interested in it as a young boy and at the age of 13 he went to the private school where he began to take up his career in personal c

21、omputer software.In 1973,Bill Gates entered Harvard University,where he developed the programming language BASIC with absorbed interest.In 1975,he dropped out of Harvard to do all he could to run Microsoft Company and his being strict in work led to his great success and made remarkable contribution

22、s to the constant renewal of personal computer software.He believe that the personal computer would be a valuable tool in every office and every family,which was no doubt another important revolution in our social life.核心单词核心单词1.conclude v.结束，推断，决定结束，推断，决定 搭配搭配:写出下列短语结构的意思。写出下列短语结构的意思。(1)conclude th

23、at _(2)conclude sth.from sth._(3)in conclusion _ 理解：理解下列句子的意思。理解：理解下列句子的意思。(1)The meeting concluded(=We concluded the meeting)at 8 oclock.(2)She concluded her talk with a funny story.她以一个有趣的故事结束谈话。她以一个有趣的故事结束谈话。(conclude=end,finish)推断，作出结论，决定推断，作出结论，决定从从得出得出最后，总之最后，总之会议于会议于8时结束。时结束。(conclude=come to

24、 an end)(3)We concluded to go out/that we would go out.(4)When he ran away from me,I concluded he was afraid.运用：翻译下列句子运用：翻译下列句子(1)你能从中这些事实当中得出什么结论你能从中这些事实当中得出什么结论?_(2)从他的外表，我们可以有把握地断定他烟抽得很从他的外表，我们可以有把握地断定他烟抽得很凶。凶。From his appearance _ we may safely conclude that he is a heavy smoker我们决定出去。我们决定出去。当他从

25、我这里跑掉时，我断定他害怕了。当他从我这里跑掉时，我断定他害怕了。What can you conclude from these facts?2.attend v.参加，出席，上学，到场参加，出席，上学，到场;照顾，看护照顾，看护 She was so sick that she didnt attend class.她生她生病了，所以没去上学。病了，所以没去上学。She has two nurses attending her.她有两个护士看她有两个护士看护她。护她。搭配搭配 attend class上课上课 attend school 上学上学 attend a lecture 参加讲座

26、参加讲座 attend a funeral/wedding/ceremony 参加婚礼参加婚礼/葬礼葬礼/典礼典礼 辨析辨析 attend 正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、上课、上学等。上课、上学等。take part in 表示参加群众性活动等，并在活动中发表示参加群众性活动等，并在活动中发挥一定的作用。挥一定的作用。join 指加入某组织或团体，成为其成员之一，如指加入某组织或团体，成为其成员之一，如“参军、入团、入党参军、入团、入党”等。等。join in 参加比赛或活动等，常用于日常用语。参加比赛或活动等，常用于日常用语。运用：用上述词语

27、的适当形式填空运用：用上述词语的适当形式填空(1)My father _ a revolutionary organization in 1938.(2)Why didnt you _ the talk last night?(3)Well _ social activities during the summer vacation.(4)He will _ an important meeting tomorrow.attend joinedjoin intook part in3.expose v.使面临，使遭受（危险、攻击、嘲笑等），使面临，使遭受（危险、攻击、嘲笑等），使暴露（常接介词

28、使暴露（常接介词to）搭配搭配 be exposed to 招致，暴露于，感染招致，暴露于，感染(病病)expose to使使受到受到/接触接触 Those who were exposed to bird flu were separated and treated without delay.感染禽流感的人被及时隔离感染禽流感的人被及时隔离和治疗。和治疗。运用运用 Keep indoors and _.（不要暴露你的皮肤于阳光下）（不要暴露你的皮肤于阳光下）dont expose your skin to the sun 4.cure v.治愈，治疗治愈，治疗n.治愈，疗法治愈，疗法The

29、 only way to cure backache is to rest.治疗背痛治疗背痛的唯一办法是休息的唯一办法是休息When I left the hospital I was completely cured.出出院时，我已经完全痊愈了。院时，我已经完全痊愈了。There is still no cure for the common cold.目前仍目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。没有治愈感冒的良药。提示：提示：cure表示治病的良药表示治病的良药(=medicine)时，后面时，后面接介词接介词for。辨析：辨析：treat意为意为“治疗治疗”，不一定治愈；，不一定治愈；cure则则指

30、指“治愈治愈”，且与，且与treat搭配不同；搭配不同；heal为为“治愈治愈”，但其多用于指治愈外伤（但其多用于指治愈外伤（wound,injury,cut,burn etc.）。）。搭配：搭配：(1)treat sb.for a disease治疗某人的（疾病）治疗某人的（疾病）(2)cure sb.of sth.治好某人的（疾病）治好某人的（疾病）运用：补充下列句子。运用：补充下列句子。(1)治疗头痛的唯一方法就是休息。治疗头痛的唯一方法就是休息。_ is to rest.(2)医生治好了他父亲的癌症。医生治好了他父亲的癌症。The doctor _cancer.cured his fa

31、ther ofThe only way to cure headache5.control(controlled,controlling)n.&v.控制，统治，控制，统治，掌握掌握The Chinese government tries its best to control the birth rate.中国政府尽力控制出生率。中国政府尽力控制出生率。搭配搭配 lose control of/be out of control 失去控制失去控制in control of 管理管理/控制控制in/under the control of 在在的控制的控制/管理下管理下运用运用 (1)The m

32、otorboat was _ and soon it hit a huge a rock near the bank.(2)The small town was still _ the rebels（叛乱）（叛乱）.(3)Mr.Liu is _ the whole project.联想联想 in charge of 管理管理in the charge of 在在管理下管理下 in control of out of controlin the control of6.absorb vt.吸收吸收(take or suck in)，全神贯注，全神贯注搭配：指出下列各个词组的汉语意思。搭配：指出下

33、列各个词组的汉语意思。(1)be absorbed in his business_(2)be absorbed in a book_(3)absorb all the knowledge_ (4)complete absorption in sport _ 忙于生意忙于生意专心看书专心看书吸收一切知识吸收一切知识完全专注于体育完全专注于体育运用：用运用：用absorb完成下列句子。完成下列句子。(1)吸收墨水的纸称为吸墨纸。吸收墨水的纸称为吸墨纸。Paper _ is called blotting paper.(2)他完全专心于他的业务。他完全专心于他的业务。He _ his busine

34、ss.(3)那个聪明的男孩把他的老师们所教的知识全部都吸那个聪明的男孩把他的老师们所教的知识全部都吸收了。收了。The clever boy_ that his teachers could give him.that absorbs inkis entirely absorbed inabsorbed all the knowledge7.blame vt.责备，归咎于责备，归咎于搭配：用适当的介词填空。搭配：用适当的介词填空。(1)blame sb._(doing)sth.为某事责备某人为某事责备某人(2)blame sth._sb.把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人(3)be to bla

35、me(_ sth.)应应(为某事为某事)承担责任承担责任/受责备受责备注意：注意：be to blame中的中的blame不能用被动语态。不能用被动语态。Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。误而受责备。Dont always blame your own failure on others.Sometimes you yourself are to blame.不要总是把失败归不要总是把失败归咎于他人。有时该怪

36、你自己。咎于他人。有时该怪你自己。for foron运用：翻译下列句子。运用：翻译下列句子。(1)(1)他把自己的失败归咎于他的老师。他把自己的失败归咎于他的老师。_(2)(2)把我们的失败归罪在他头上是没用的。把我们的失败归罪在他头上是没用的。_(3)(3)那次事故怪不着孩子们。那次事故怪不着孩子们。_The children were not to blame for the accident.He blamed his teachers for his failure.He blamed his failure on his teacher.Its no use blaming our

37、defeat on him.拓展拓展:blame作名词的作名词的用法。用法。(1)accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任。对某事负责任。We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.我们愿对所发生的事负责。我们愿对所发生的事负责。(2)put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人。将某事归咎于某人。He is trying to lay the blame on me.他企图把责任推给他企图把责任推给我。我。8.announce vt.宣布，宣告宣布，宣

38、告He announced to us that the danger was past.他向他向我们宣布危险已经过去。我们宣布危险已经过去。搭配：搭配：(表示向某人宣布时，表示向某人宣布时，sb.前一定要用前一定要用to)announce sth.to sb.向某人通报向某人通报/宣布某事宣布某事announce to sb.that向某人通报向某人通报/宣布某事宣布某事拓展：拓展：announcement n.宣布，宣告，通告宣布，宣告，通告运用：完成下列句子。运用：完成下列句子。(1)我要向世人宣告我的目标我要向世人宣告我的目标(goal)。I will announce_.(2)我有件

39、重要事情要宣布。我有件重要事情要宣布。Ive got an important_.announcement to make my goal to the world9.contribute v 贡献；捐献；捐助贡献；捐献；捐助He contributed$500,000 to a local school.他向当地他向当地的一家学校捐助了的一家学校捐助了50万美元。万美元。搭配搭配 contribute to(doing)sth.把把奉献给奉献给 contribute to(doing)sth.有助于有助于 make a contribution to(doing)sth.对对作出贡献作出贡献

40、运用：请将下列句子译成英文。运用：请将下列句子译成英文。(1).他们向难民捐赠食品和衣物。他们向难民捐赠食品和衣物。They _ food and clothing _ the refugees.(2).我相信你的建议有助于问题的解决。我相信你的建议有助于问题的解决。Im sure your suggestion will _the problem.contribute to solving contributed to10.valuable adj.有价值的，贵重的有价值的，贵重的Your valuable ideas are welcomed.欢迎多提宝贵意欢迎多提宝贵意见。见。Nothi

41、ng is more valuable than time,but nothing is less valued.没有比时间更珍贵的东西，但也没有比它更没有比时间更珍贵的东西，但也没有比它更受轻视的东西。受轻视的东西。拓展拓展:写出适当的词。写出适当的词。(1)_ n.价值，重要性价值，重要性 (2)_ vt.评价，估价，重视评价，估价，重视value value 说出下列句子中画线单词的意思。说出下列句子中画线单词的意思。(3)Your help has been invaluable to us.(4)This jewellery is valueless;it is made of gl

42、ass and ordinary metals.(5)The portrait of his grandfather was his most valued possession.(6)This ancient gold coin isnt just valuable;its priceless.无价的无价的非常宝贵的非常宝贵的(=very useful indeed)无价值的无价值的(worthless=of little or no value)珍贵的，指对某人来说是珍贵的，但对别人来说却并非如此。珍贵的，指对某人来说是珍贵的，但对别人来说却并非如此。搭配搭配:be of value 相当

43、与相当与be valuable，即，即“名词名词+of+名词名词”的的用法相当为形容词，可以作表语、定语用法相当为形容词，可以作表语、定语和宾语补足语，作定语时放在所修饰的名词后面。如：和宾语补足语，作定语时放在所修饰的名词后面。如：a watch of value(有价值的手表有价值的手表)。根据所给的中文提示，写出与根据所给的中文提示，写出与be of value类似的搭类似的搭配：配：(1)important=_(2)helpful=_(3)有好处的有好处的 _(4)质量好的质量好的 _be of importancebe of helpbe of advantagebe of good

44、 quality 11.view n.视野；景色，风景；观点视野；景色，风景；观点v.观看观看搭配：说出下列短语的意思。搭配：说出下列短语的意思。(1)point of view _(2)his view of life _(3)in my view(=in my opinion)_运用：用运用：用view翻译下列含句子。翻译下列含句子。(1)旁边的楼房挡住了视野。旁边的楼房挡住了视野。_ by the next building.(2)你对学校的处罚有什么看法？你对学校的处罚有什么看法？_ school punishments?(3)在我看来，他是个傻瓜。在我看来，他是个傻瓜。_In my

45、view,hes a fool 观点观点 他的人生观他的人生观依我看依我看The view is cut off/is blockedWhat is your view on重要词组重要词组1.put forward 提出，拿出；推荐提出，拿出；推荐理解：理解下面句子的意思。理解：理解下面句子的意思。Do you really want to put forward such a view?_拓展：翻译下列各个词组的汉语意思。拓展：翻译下列各个词组的汉语意思。(1)put away _(2)put back _(3)put down _(4)put in _(5)put in a word f

46、or _(6)put in(for)_你真的想提出这样一个看法吗？你真的想提出这样一个看法吗？收起来；存蓄；打消收起来；存蓄；打消放回原处；拨慢放回原处；拨慢(钟表钟表)；(使轮船使轮船)返回返回放下；写下；镇压；取缔放下；写下；镇压；取缔插嘴；放进去；投入插嘴；放进去；投入替替说句话说句话申请，提出要求；让申请，提出要求；让(报名报名)参加参加，提名，提名运用：用含运用：用含put的短语的适当形式完成下列句子。的短语的适当形式完成下列句子。(1)Please _ your hands if you have any questions.(2)I have something importan

47、t to tell the manager.Would you please _ me _ to him?(3)The sports meeting was _ because of the bad weather.(4)The law _ last month.(5)_ more clothes,it is cold outside.(6)His latest book _ last week.was put out put upput throughput offwas put into forcePut on2.lead to 引起，导致，造成；通向；使引起，导致，造成；通向；使得出（结

48、得出（结论等）论等）拓展拓展:result in 导致，引起（某种结果）导致，引起（某种结果）理解：理解下列各句子的意思。理解：理解下列各句子的意思。(1)His carelessness led to the accident._(2)This road leads to that mountain village._(3)Einstein did many experiments,which led him to this conclusion._(4)This accident resulted in many deaths_这次事故造成多人死亡。这次事故造成多人死亡。他的粗心导致了这次

49、事故。他的粗心导致了这次事故。这条路通向那个山村。这条路通向那个山村。爱因斯坦做了许多试验，最终得出了这个结论。爱因斯坦做了许多试验，最终得出了这个结论。温馨提示：温馨提示：在这个短语中，在这个短语中，to是一个介词，后面要是一个介词，后面要接名词、代词或动词的接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。形式。运用：用运用：用lead to或或result in翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。(1)你知不知道是什么导致了你在考试中的失败？你知不知道是什么导致了你在考试中的失败？_(2)他们的争吵最终导致了他们的打架。他们的争吵最终导致了他们的打架。_The quarrel between them led

50、to/resulted in a fight in the end.Do you know what led to your failure in the examination?3.look into 调查调查(=investigate/examine)The policemen have looked into the murder case.警警察已经介入调查这件谋杀案了。察已经介入调查这件谋杀案了。运用：用运用：用look into翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。(1)他们成立了一个委员会来调查这一事件。他们成立了一个委员会来调查这一事件。They set up a committee _