Unit 3 Topic Talk & Lesson 1 知识点讲练（ppt课件）-2022新北师大版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit3TOPIC TALK&LESSON 1 知识点讲练重点词汇重点词汇1.destroy vt.破坏;毁掉【教材原句教材原句】Ways We Destroy Nature我们破坏自然的方式【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)destroy sb 毁掉某人(的一生)be destroyed by fire 被大火烧毁(2)destruction n.破坏,毁坏destroyer n.破坏者;起破坏作用的东西单句填空(1)The building was completely(destroy)by fire.完成句子(2)这些物种的破坏会妨碍研究人员找到治疗某些疾病的方法。_ _ _ _ _could

2、 prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.(3)那所医学院的附属医院在洪水中被摧毁了。The hospital attached to the medical college _ _in the flood.(4)该公司是世界上最大的热带森林破坏者。The company is the worlds _ _of tropical forests.destroyedThe destruction of such specieswas destroyedlargest destroyer2.threat n.威胁;(灾

3、难等坏事)发生的可能【教材原句教材原句】After the lecture,I can see that the use of oil and coal is one of the biggest threats to our planet.听了讲座后,我明白了石油和煤炭的使用是对我们星球最大的威胁之一。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)a threat to sb/sth 对某人/某物构成威胁(2)threaten v.威胁threaten sb(with sth)(用某物)威胁某人threaten to do sth 恐吓要做某事(3)threatened adj.受到威胁的单句填空(1)Drug

4、s pose major threat to our society.完成句子(2)那个农场主威胁说,无论哪条狗,如果咬死他的一只羊,他就要开枪打死它。The farmer _ _ _ _ _that killed one of his sheep.(3)污染对这一物种的继续生存造成了威胁。Pollution is _ _ _the continued existence of this species.athreatened to shoot any doga threat to3.switch vi.&vt.转换,改变n.开关;转换【教材原句教材原句】We definitely need

5、to switch to different forms of power as soon as possible.我们确实需要尽快转换到不同形式的能源。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】switch on 接通,打开switch off(=turn off)把关掉,关上switch over(to sth)转换频道;转变switch(from sth)to.从转变到switch roles 转换角色switch A with B把A与B交换单句填空(1)The law would encourage companies to switch coal _cleaner fuels.完成句子(2)夜间请务必将

6、所有的灯关掉。Please make sure that all the lights _ _ _at night.(3)五年后,父亲改行教书了。Five years later,Father _ _ _ teaching.fromtoare switched/turned offswitched over to4.have a role 起某种作用;充当角色do ones part 尽自己的职责【教材原句教材原句】We all have a role to play in protecting the environment.If we all do our part,we can live

7、 a healthier life on Earth.在保护环境方面,我们大家都可以发挥作用。如果我们都尽自己的一份力,我们就能在地球上过上更健康的生活。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】play an important role/part in.在中起重要作用/担任重要角色play the role of sb=play/act the part of sb(在剧中)扮演角色play the leading role 起带头/主要作用for my part 至于我,对我来说on ones part 由某人做出;就某人而言take part in 参加,参与活动单句填空(1)Everyone had ro

8、le in the shows success.完成句子(2)在维护世界和平方面,中国正在起着越来越重要的作用。China _ _ _ _ _ _ _safeguarding world peace.(3)他在上周的戏剧中扮演了哈姆雷特。He played _ _ _Hamlet in the play last week.ais playing an increasingly important part/role inthe role/part of5.hunt vi.&vt.猎取,猎杀;搜索;驱赶n.狩猎;追捕;搜寻【教材原句教材原句】Yes,many animals are illeg

9、ally hunted for something they have.是的,许多动物因为它们所拥有的东西而被非法猎杀。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】hunt after 追猎(某动物);追逐(某物)hunt for 寻找某人/某物hunt up(在报纸上、书上等)找到(资料等)单句填空(1)He has been(hunt)for a job.完成句子(2)你须在字典里查找这个字。Youll have to the word in the dictionary.(3)很多人一生追逐名利,但总是不能成功。Many people fame in their lives but never find it.

10、(4)整个街区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。The whole neighbourhood have been the missing child.huntinghunt uphunt afterhunting for6.urgent adj.紧急的,急迫的;坚持要求的【教材原句教材原句】Thats an incredibly urgent matter.那是一件非常紧急的事情【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)urge vt.催促;极力主张n.强烈的欲望、冲动,迫切的要求urge sb to do sth/urge sb into doing sth 催促/敦促某人做某事urge that/It is

11、urged that.坚决主张(用虚拟语气)have/feel an urge to do sth 渴望做某事;有做某事的冲动/欲望satisfy an urge 满足欲望(2)urgency n.紧急;急事;催促urgently adv.紧急地,急迫地用urge的适当形式填空(1)I will not use my savings unless a matter of happens.(2)Many people in the earthquake-stricken area are in need of food and water.(3)The two countries to put

12、an end to the war,which had lasted over 5 years and caused great suffering and losses.urgencyurgentwere urged7.wipe out 彻底毁灭【教材原句教材原句】Extinctions,where entire species are wiped out,are not unusual in our Earths history.物种灭绝,即某个物种完全消失,在地球的历史上并不罕见。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】wipe vt.擦;拭;抹掉wipe.with.用擦wipe sth away/off/

13、up 擦掉/擦净某物wipe sth off/from.把某物从处擦掉(消除掉)wipe sth from/off ones mind/memory 有意忘记某事物单句填空(1)I like to wipe the windows a very soft cloth.完成句子(2)这些措施将有助于在农村地区消灭贫困。These measures will help to _ _ _in rural areas.(3)她弯下腰,用一块干布把鞋上的泥土擦掉了。She bent down and _using a dry cloth.withwipe out povertywiped the dir

14、t off/from her shoes(4)我几次想把它忘掉,但就是做不到。I tried several times to _,but I just couldnt.wipe it off/from my mind/memory8.varied adj.各种各样的,形形色色的【教材原句教材原句】The reasons for extinctions are varied.灭绝的原因多种多样。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)variety n.多种样式;不同种类;多变性a variety of styles 各种风格variety in ones lifestyle 某人生活方式的多样化(2)va

15、ry vi.&vt.变化,改变various adj.各种各样的;多方面的(=a variety of)(1)表示“多种多样”的表达还有:all sorts ofall kinds ofmany types of(2)variety作“种类,品种”讲时为可数名词,作“多样化”讲时为不可数名词。(3)“a variety of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数;“the variety of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。用vary的适当形式填空(1)Susans idea of freedom was to have in her lifestyle.(2)The island off

16、ers such a wide of scenery and wildlife.(3)It is essential that your diet is and balanced.完成句子(4)在中国,户外活动种类繁多,颇具吸引力。Outdoor activities _ _ and tempting in China.varietyvarietyvariedare varied9.decrease n.减少;减少的量vi.&vt.减少【教材原句教材原句】According to scientists,they include volcanic eruptions,asteroids hitt

17、ing the Earth from space,changes in sea levels,the decrease of the oxygen content of the sea and global warming.根据科学家的说法,它们包括火山爆发、小行星从太空撞击地球、海平面的变化、海洋含氧量的减少和全球变暖。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】decrease in 在减少decrease to+数字下降到decrease by+分数、百分数或其他表示数量的词下降了单句填空(1)It has been reported that the exports of that company have

18、_(decrease)by 3%.完成句子(2)The number of new students _ _(减少到)800 this year.(3)The price of wheat has _ _(降低了)10%.(4)There has been _ _(下降)in population.decreaseddecreases todecreased bya decrease10.blame vt.责怪,指责【教材原句教材原句】This time,human activity will be to blame.这一次,人类活动将是罪魁祸首。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)be to blam

19、e(for sth)应该为(某事)负责任,应该(为某事)受责备blame sth on sb/sth 把某事归咎于某人/某事blame sb for(doing)sth 因(做)某事而责备某人(2)blame n.过失;责备put/lay/place the blame(for sth)on sb(把某事)归咎于某人单句填空(1)She blamed her parents the failure of her marriage.完成句子(2)老师因那个学生犯了如此愚蠢的错误而责怪他。The teacher _ _ _ _ making such silly mistakes.(3)是那位教授

20、而不是他的助理们应对实验室里所发生的事情负责。It was the professor rather than his assistants who _ _ _ for what had happened in the lab.forblamed the student forwas to blame11.die out 消失;绝迹,灭绝【教材原句教材原句】Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally,the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern

21、.虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见,但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】die away(声音等)逐渐消失die off(一群生物)相继死去die down(慢慢地)熄灭;平息下来单句填空(1)All his anger died.完成句子(2)我们再也看不到这种动物了,或许它已经灭绝了。We no longer see this animalmaybe it has _ _.(3)汽车的响声消失在远处。The sound of the car _ _ in the distance.(4)尽管风停了,但是雨还在下,因此你仍需要带上一件雨衣。Although the wind _ _ _,

22、the rain remains steady,so you still need a raincoat.downdied outdied awayhas died down12.affect vt.影响;感染;打动【教材原句教材原句】It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth,including animals and plants.很明显,人类活动已经对地球上所有其他物种产生了负面影响,包括动物和植物。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)be affected by 被所打动/影

23、响(2)effect n.效果;作用;影响have an effect on/upon.对有影响/效果cause and effect 因果in effect 事实上come into effect 开始生效,开始实施put/bring.into effect 实施;使生效be of no effect 无效,没有作用,不中用用affect与effect的适当形式填空(1)In spite of all these differences,evidence shows that recent lifestyle changes may be French eating habits.(2)Wh

24、at parents say and do has a lifelong on their children.(3)The new tax law doesnt me at all because I am still a student.完成句子(4)实际上,唯一比我们思想速度快的就是我们健忘的速度。_ _,the only thing faster than the speed of our thoughts is the speed of our forgetfulness.affectingeffectaffectIn effect13.be at risk 处境危险,受到威胁【教材原

25、句教材原句】Of course,as we humans depend on so many species for our survival,we would also be at risk of dying out.当然,由于我们人类依靠如此多的物种生存,我们也会有灭绝的危险。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)risk vt.冒的危险n.冒险;危险的人或物;危险,风险risk ones life 冒着生命危险risk doing sth 冒险做某事reduce/increase the risk of 降低/增加的风险at the risk of doing sth 冒着做某事的危险run/tak

26、e the risk of doing sth 冒着做某事的风险(2)risky adj.危险的;大胆的;冒险的单句填空(1)The disease is spreading,and all young children are risk.完成句子(2)我不能得罪我的老板,因为我不能冒失去这份工作的风险。I cant annoy my boss because I wont risk _ _ _.(3)我是不会让你冒险的,毕竟,小心一点好,以免以后后悔。I wont let you _ _ _.After all,it is better to be safe than sorry.atlosing my jobtake such risks