Unit 1 Food matters Grammar and usage（ppt课件）-2022新牛津译林版《高中英语》选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 1 Food mattersGrammar and usageLead-in Exploring the rules Exploring the rules Below is a blog entry about eating out and eating at home.Find the sentences that use to-infinitives.Working out the ruleWhen When thethe to to-infinitive is used as-infinitive is used as a a subject,subject,we we us

2、ually use the preparatory subject usually use the preparatory subject at the beginning of the sentenceat the beginning of the sentence.The to-infinitive can also be used as a predicative.It usually comes after the verb .itbe04Conclusion 一个句子中已经存在一个一个句子中已经存在一个_,_,又没有又没有_的情况下，另一个动词的情况下，另一个动词需要用需要用_。He

3、 often works hard to earn more money.He often works hard to earn more money.The meeting is to be held next week.The meeting is to be held next week.动词不定式动词不定式to do to do 在句中通常表示在句中通常表示:_:_和和_。谓语动词连词非谓语动词目的将来A Exploring the rules动词不定式一般由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”。动词不定式可以带宾语或状语构成动词不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但

4、有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式不能单独作谓语，可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语等。如：To finish the task in a week is very hard.The big boy managed to pass the exam.My work is to clean the garden every day.She was the first woman to swim across the English Channel.Tell him to come here the day after tomorrow.主宾表定补A Exploring the rules To se

5、e is to believe.To help others is our duty.It is important to enlarge English vocabulary.It would be a waste of time to look up every new word when you read an English novel.一、动词不定式作主语主语2.动词不定式短语作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而将动词不定式短语置于句末。如：1.动词不定式作主语，表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。如：单个非谓语做主语表单数，谓语动词用三人称单数A Exploring

6、 the rules It is important for children to tell right from wrong at an early age.Its very kind of you to tell us what happened yesterday.一、动词不定式作主语主语3.“it+be+形容词+for sb to do sth”意为“做某件事对某人而言是的”。在该句式中的形容词多是说明性的，不用来指人或物的品质、特性，如 difficult、easy、hard、important、dangerous、impossible等。如：4.“it+be+形容词+of sb

7、to do sth”意为“某人做某事是的”。该句式中的形容词用以叙述人的个性、品质，如kind、good、nice、clever、careless、polite、foolish等。如：5.“it+be+名词to do sth”意为“做某件事是某人的”。如：pity,shame,pleasure,ones duty,ones job,fun,joy,pity,shame,pleasure,ones duty,ones job,fun,joy,good manners,bad mannersgood manners,bad manners Its my job to help tackle onl

8、ine hate.It is a pity for you to have missed this game6.It 6.It takes/costs sb+some time+to dotakes/costs sb+some time+to do It took me three hours to finish the homework.一、动词不定式作主语主语A Exploring the rules His ambition is to become an actor.Her duty is to look after the children.All we could do was(t

9、o)go back home.All I want to do now is(to)have a rest.who is to blame for the accident?二、动词不定式作表表语语1.动词不定式作表语，通常说明主语的内容。主语一般是wish、idea、work、task、job、duty、aim等词。如：2.当主语部分有实义动词do时，作表语的动词不定式可以省略to。如：3.某些动词不定式与be动词连用时常用主动形式表被动意义。如：（1）不定式作宾语时常直接放在谓语动词之后e.g.I cant afford to buy a car.(2)不定式作宾语时还常用it作形式宾语,

10、而把真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末。常用结构为:think/consider/find it adj.to do.e.g.l found it necessary to talk to him again.三、动词不定式作宾语宾语A Exploring the rules只能加不定式作宾语的动词有：e.g.Im glad/pleased to see you.We were surprised to hear the news.Look at the sentences and find the rules.不定式可以用在某些形容词后作宾语，如：sorry,surprised,happy,gla

11、d,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointedA Exploring the rulese.g.My mum asks me to play the piano two hours every day.结构：V.sb.to do sth.常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，这类动词有allow,advise,ask,call,cause,encourage,expect,force,get,invite,need,order,prefer,remind,teach,tell,train,warn等。四、动词不定式

12、作宾补宾补不定式作宾补时不带to的情况结构：V.sb.do sth.这类的动词有：1)感官动词(feel,hear,listen to,watch,look at,notice,observe)后；2)使役动词(let,have,make)后,3）特殊动词help后动词不定式要省略to,即help sb.do sth.（帮助某人做某事）但是在被动语态中要还原to。不定式作定语，一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。（不及物动词需要加上介词）Kate is looking for a suitable coat to wear.Tom has a nice pen to write with.A

13、 Exploring the rules五、动词不定式作定语定语如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需加适当的介词。e.g.My family have a comfortable house to live _.ine.g.She is always the first student to come.He is the best man to do the job.something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词常用不定式作后置定语。当名词前有序数词the first,the last,或the only或及形容词最高级修饰时，后常用不定式作定语。A Expl

14、oring the rules1)表示目的表示目的:to do in order to do so as to doe.g.He spoke loudly(so as/in order)to be heard.六、动词不定式作状语状语so+adj./adv.+as to do such+n.+as to do 如此.以至于adj./adv.+enough+to do 够.以至于too+adv./adj.+to do 太.以至于不能e.g.He was so foolish as to believe it.=He was such a fool as to believe it.=He was

15、 foolish enough to believe it.2)表示结果:他如此愚蠢相信了这件事To tell the truth,I am not happy at the moment.to be frank to be honest to tell the truth七.独立结构A Exploring the rules不定式的基本形式 to do表示一般情况I am glad to see you.不定式的一般时 to doThe boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in.不定式的进行时 to be doingto be d

16、oing强调动作正在进行。The novel is believed to have beentranslated into Chinese.不定式的完成时 to have done不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作或状态之前,强调已经完成Practice 1Practice 1被邀请到你家做客真的是太荣幸了。.在家做饭准备环节需要花很长时间。.It is a great honour to be invited to your family.It takes a long time to prepare for home-cooked meals.你为我们做了这么多美味的菜真的是太好了。It

17、is nice of you to make so many tasty dishes for us.在当今社会，我们学会做饭还是很有用的。It is useful for us to learn how to cook.Rewrite the following sentences,using to-infinitives.The next dish to be prepared by the cook is.To prepare home-cooked meals is.Her dream is to open a restaurant some day.in the pot first(

18、in order)to cook them quickly.I consider the Soup of the Day to be the best.Complete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.Locatedto turnto sitpaintedrangingto inviteto beto seePractice 3Practice 3单句语法填空1.1.(learn)is to be better life.(learn)is to be better life.2.It was ki

19、nd of you 2.It was kind of you (give)me a (give)me a helping hand.helping hand.3.3.(climb)up the mountain is easy (climb)up the mountain is easy while to go down the hills is hard.while to go down the hills is hard.4.Above all,I have come to understand that4.Above all,I have come to understand that

20、(bring)happiness to others is getting (bring)happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.ourselves happiness.5.It took years of work 5.It took years of work (reduce)the (reduce)the individual pollution and clean the water.individual pollution and clean the water.To learnto give To climbbringi

21、ngto reduce6.(complte)the task needs time.7.It is easy me to learn how to drive.8.It is very kind the young man to say so.9.Dont waste time.Its no good (try)to persuade him.10.(know)basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.11.His ambition is (become)an actor.12.Officia

22、ls believe that more than one person may be (blame)for the fire.To completeof fortrying Knowing to becometo blame13.The poor girl appeared so 13.The poor girl appeared so (frighten).She must have seen something(frighten).She must have seen something (frighten)on her way home.(frighten)on her way hom

23、e.14.Please remain 14.Please remain (seat)until the (seat)until the plane has come to a cpmplete stop.plane has come to a cpmplete stop.15.The manager was 15.The manager was (delight)to (delight)to see so many new products developed after see so many new products developed after great effort.great e

24、ffort.16.As you can imagine,if your skin gets16.As you can imagine,if your skin gets (burn),it can be very serious.(burn),it can be very serious.frightenedfrighteningseateddelightedburned/buent17.It was 17.It was (surprise)that Tom (surprise)that Tom had chosen her as his partner at the party.had ch

25、osen her as his partner at the party.18.The way you raised yesterday to solve 18.The way you raised yesterday to solve the problem proved the problem proved (be)better.(be)better.19.It remains 19.It remains (see)whether Jim is (see)whether Jim is fit enough to play in the final.fit enough to play in the final.20.My deskmate showed no anxiety in face 20.My deskmate showed no anxiety in face of the competition;she seemed of the competition;she seemed (prepare)for it pretty well.(prepare)for it pretty well.surprisingto beto be seento have prepared