Unit 2 Understanding each other 03 Grammar （ppt课件）-2022新牛津译林版《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、Below is a personal account by a Chinese student who studied in the UK and the USA.Find the sentences with relative clauses and fill in the table below.The first one has been done for you.个人陈述个人陈述12345restrictive relative clause 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句non-restrictive relative clause 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句necessary

2、additionalthatA Exploring the rulesrelative clauses 定语从句定语从句Below is a personal account by a Chinese student who studied in the UK and the USA.Find the sentences with relative clauses and fill in the table below.The first one has been done for you.个人陈述个人陈述12345restrictive relative clause 限制性定语从句限制性定

3、语从句non-restrictive relative clause 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句necessaryadditionalthatA Exploring the rulesrelative clauses 定语从句定语从句指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词归纳总结归纳总结做题技巧做题技巧?先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分基础知识回顾基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义关系词及其意义

4、1.In the UK,_ punctuality is very important,you should try not to arrive late.2.In Thailand,the foot,_ is considered an unclean part of the body,should not be pointed.3.In Europe,there are many different types of greetings,_ cheek kissing is just one example,and it is important to know which one to

5、use.4.When we travel,we should pay attention to situations _ there might be unwritten rules,such as gift giving.5.My sister,_ works in Japan,finds it odd that she has to do exercise at the start of her working day.wherewhereof whichwhowhich基础知识基础知识回顾回顾 B1：1.that与与which2.对对the way的考查的考查3.介词介词+关系词关系词4

6、.as的使用的使用5.对对where的考查的考查6.综合考查综合考查考点考点难难点点考点与难点归纳考点与难点归纳1)Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2)The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _ is standing there?4)Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into

7、 her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点考点1：that 与与 which1:先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等等不定代词或由不定代词不定代词或由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等等修饰时修饰时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。2：先行词被形容词：先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时,引导定引导定语从句用语从句用that。3:先行词中先行词中既既有人又有事物有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用时

8、，引导定语从句用that。4：先行词被：先行词被the very,the only等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定语从引导定语从句用句用that。5：当先行词前面：当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时，只用时，只用that。1.指物，介词后。指物，介词后。2.用于非限制定语从句中用于非限制定语从句中只使用只使用that应应遵循的规则遵循的规则只使用只使用which应应遵循的规则遵循的规则做题技巧做题技巧?1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way

9、 _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语the way 做先行词时做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语主语或宾语:缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:that/in which/不填不填考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词3.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.（04湖北）湖

10、北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which高考链接：高考链接：考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词1.Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2.I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.3.He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.4.He gave me some novels _ _ _ I am not very familiar wi

11、th.5.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。译：这是我要照顾的小孩。to whomwith whichon whichThis is the child who/whom/that I will look after.which/that/不填不填考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词listen to/look at/depend on/look for/pay attention to/take care of/look after/take part in/make use of/catch up with/get along with/hear of/look forward to1.根据从句中动

12、词与先行词的逻辑关系根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯做题技巧做题技巧?定语从句句首为介词时定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为后可接的关系词为:介词介词+whom/which/whose6.I recognized the boss in _ company my sister was working.7.(06浙江浙江)I was given three books on cooking,the first _I really enjoyed.A.of that B.

13、of which C.that D.whichwhose考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词Aswhichasthatwhich1.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.3._ is known to all,he is the best student.4.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.asthat归纳归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句先

14、行词前常被such,the same,so,as 修饰，修饰，即构成即构成suchas,the same as,soas,结构。结构。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as 与与which引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于，但定语从句位于句首句首时，只能用时，只能用 as,意为意为“正如正如、恰如恰如”。当主句中出现当主句中出现such或或so时时,看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语:(1)缺缺主语或宾语主语或宾语,从句前用从句前用as;(2)不缺不缺主语和宾语主语

15、和宾语,从句前用从句前用that;(3)当主句中出现当主句中出现the same时时,后面从句所缺成分与后面从句所缺成分与as搭搭配表配表同一类事物同一类事物,与与that搭配表搭配表同一个事物。同一个事物。做题技巧做题技巧?模拟训练模拟训练：1.He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_.A.as;him B.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery.A.the same;as B.the sa

16、me;where C.the same;that D.as the same;as1.Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2.The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。解析：如果定语从句分别修饰解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition,case等表示抽象意义的词，

17、常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某到了某种地步，在某种境况中种地步，在某种境况中”。高考链接：高考链接：1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.（06山东）山东）A.which B.that C.where D.when2.-Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes,theres one point _ we must insist on.（06江西）江西）A.why B.where C.ho

18、w D./做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。友情提示友情提示 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。的综合分析能力。一一.定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句 wherethat1.This is the library _ I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library _ I bo

19、rrowed the book.3.-Where did you last see Mr.Smith?-It was in the hotel_ I lived.A.that B.whichC.where D.whenwhere定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型二二.定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句1.We all have heard the news _ our team won.2.We dont believe in the news _ he told us yesterday.that that/which/The place _ the bridge is supp

20、osed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.（05 江苏）江苏）A.which;where B.at which;which C.at which;where D.which;in which that/which三三.定语从句与表语从句定语从句与表语从句1.Moreover,fully consider each option.It can be easy to let a particular school become a front-runner early on in your decisio

21、n-making process,but be sure to carefully evaluate every school _ has accepted you,since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.（2021年八省联考语言运用第二节）年八省联考语言运用第二节）that解析：空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，而先行解析：空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，而先行词词tool为物，故此处要填关系代词为物，故此处要填关系代词that或或which。2.BMI is an internationally

22、 recognized measurement tool _ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.（2021年年1月浙江卷语言运用第二节）月浙江卷语言运用第二节）that/which3.Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,_ the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.（2021年全国甲卷阅读理解年全国甲卷阅

23、读理解C篇）篇）where解析：整句的谓语是解析：整句的谓语是is，at an eastern bend in the Thames是是后置定语，修饰主语后置定语，修饰主语Southbank;空处引导非限制性定语空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主语从句，修饰主语Southbank，并在从句中作地点状语，故，并在从句中作地点状语，故填填where。4.When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America,the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing vari

24、ety of wildlife.Unfortunately,it took the explorers and the settlers _ followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.2021新高考新高考卷卷阅读理解阅读理解C篇篇who解析：空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词解析：空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the explorers and the settlers，并在定语从句中作主语，故填，并在定语从句中作主语，故填who。1.Many lessons are now availa

25、ble online,from _ students can choose for free.2020江苏卷江苏卷 A.whoseB.which C.when D.whom2.Dr.Rowan,_ secretary resigned two weeks ago,has had to do all his own typing.2020天津高考真题天津高考真题 A.whose B.of whom C.of which D.which3.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.2019江苏卷

26、江苏卷单项填空单项填空 A.which B.what C.when D.that1.The naughty boy told the headmaster everything _ was connected with the theft.2.Through my stay in Montreal,I met lots of Chinese people _ are struggling to succeed and then lead a better life in Canada.3.I didnt buy the cellphone,_ price was too high for me

27、.4.More importantly,there are teachers online _ you can turn for help when you have problems.thatthat/whowhoseto whom5.Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.6.In the U.S.,the fourth Thursday in November is called Thanksgiving Day,_ Americans give thanks for the blessings they have enjoyed during the year.7.One reason _ the course is so popular is that it provides people with more knowledge.8They arrived at a farmhouse,in front of _ sat a small boy.wherewhenwhywhich