Unit 4 Welcome to the unit & Reading 单词（ppt课件）-2022新牛津译林版《高中英语》选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、版本：新译林版本：新译林单元：选择性必修三单元：选择性必修三 Unit 4(Welcome to the unit Reading)单单词词课课堂堂1.heritage词块：a world heritage site,cultural/historical heritage2.awe派生词：awesome3.civilization 词族：civil,civilize,civilized,civilization4.preservepre-(before)+serve(to keep safe 使安全)提前保证某物的安全 保护同根词：observe,conserve派生词：preservati

2、on5.urgenturge(催促)+-ent(形容词后缀)不停催促的 紧急的；紧迫的词块：in urgent need of；派生词：urgently6.ruin词块：lay/be in ruins本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理7.incredible in-(不、非)+cred(to believe 相信)+-ible(能的)好到无法相信的 极好的(非正式用语)意为“难以置信的”时近义词：unbelievable派生词：incredibly8.sculpture词块：(an)ice sculpture词族：sculpture,sculptor,sculpt9.violence词族：viole

3、nce,violent,violently10.conflictcon-(with,together)+flict(to strike 打)一起打 冲突隐喻：具体的军事、武装冲突 抽象的“矛盾；冲突”词块：conflict areas,in conflict(n)with,conflict(v)with注意动词和名词发音不同11.civil词块：a civil war,civil rights词族：civil,civilize,civilized,civilization12.status词块：social status13.internal反义词：external；词块：the intern

4、al structure,internal organs/injuries,internal doubts14.outcome合成词：out+come；近义词：result 15.ecologyeco-(环境的、生态的)+-logy(学)关于生态的学科 生态学派生词：ecological,ecologist16.agenda词块：at the top of the agenda17.nail名词动词化：(用钉子)钉/固定18.panel词块：a panel of specialists/experts19.specialist special(专门的)+-ist(从事的人)近义词：expert

5、词族：special,specialist,specialize,specially20.assess精准的汉语释义：“评”价，强调定性 估“算”，强调定量派生词：assessment21.collapsecol(together)+laps(to slip,fall 滑、落)+-e(动词后缀)一起滑落 倒塌22.consultation con-(together 一起)+sult(to summon 召集)+-ation(名词后缀)召集到一起协商事务 咨询；商讨词块：in consultation with词族：consult,consultant,consultation23.suspe

6、ndsus-(up from under 从下往上)+pend(to hang 挂、悬挂)悬、挂(基本义)词块：suspend sb/sth from sth派生词：suspension(a suspension bridge)重重难难点点词词精精讲讲一词多义一词多义collapsedamage,destroy,ruin精准的汉语释义精准的汉语释义辨析义辨析义conflict一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义assess精准的汉语释义精准的汉语释义一词多义一词多义suspend辨析辨析damage,destroy,ruindamage和destroy可谓是形影不离的好朋友，想表达“遭到破坏”到底用哪

7、个词才对呢？我们先来看一篇学生习作。U 损害；损坏；损失损害；损坏；损失 harm or injury causedwhen sth is broken or spoiled：He was hit by a car and suffered serious brain damage.do/cause damage to：The problem is clear:man has done great damage to his home over the years.C 复数复数 损害赔偿金：损害赔偿金：He was ordered to pay damages of$30,000.damage

8、 n 必修三必修三 U1 损害；损坏：损害；损坏：（名词动词化）名词动词化）Dont damage your health for a good figure.侧重“损损”，可修复damage vt 毁坏；摧毁；毁掉毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists：The building was completely destroyed by fire.destroy vt 消灭；杀死：消灭；杀死：The dog attacked a child and had to be de

9、stroyed.侧重“毁毁”，无法修复destroy=de-(down)+struere(build)破坏一栋建筑的结构意味着毁掉这栋建筑 必修二必修二 U4“被雨水毁了的头发被雨水毁了的头发”，用哪个词呢？，用哪个词呢？The rain ruined my hair.头发还在，只是“美好的发型”被毁了。在这里，理解英语释义理解英语释义也很重要。destroy:to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists ruin:to damage sth so badly that it loses all

10、 its value,pleasure,etc.糟蹋；糟蹋；（完全地完全地）毁坏毁坏 to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value,pleasure,etc.：Dont let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.A terrible earthquake shook south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam.译林新选必-4 使破产使破产 to make sb lose all his/her money：If

11、she loses the court case it will ruin her.n U 毁灭；破产：毁灭；破产：the ruin of civilization financial ruin C常用复数废墟；遗迹；残余：常用复数废墟；遗迹；残余：the ruins of Rome ruin vt文化拓展文化拓展意大利的古罗马废墟(the ruins of Rome)，位于斗兽场之旁，是昔日古罗马帝国的中心，是现存世界最大面积的古罗马废墟。这座于公元72年由4万名战俘用8年时间建起来的巨大建筑，虽然毁坏严重，残破不堪，却是人类建筑史上的杰作。它的形状很像今天的体育场，近50米高的外围墙是用砖

12、石砌成的三层石柱拱廊，周围有80个出入口，里面的阶梯式座位能同时容纳5.5万名观众。fall into/go to ruin 灭亡；荒废；衰落：灭亡；荒废；衰落：Its once-great cities fell into ruin,leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.in ruins 成废墟；严重受损：成废墟；严重受损：In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.【词汇拓展词汇拓展】ruined adj只用于名词前毁坏了的；严重受损的只用于名词前毁坏了的；严重

13、受损的小结小结运用运用精准的汉语释义精准的汉语释义和和英语释义英语释义区分区分 damage,destroy 和和 ruin。damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损损”，表示可修复，常和 badly、seriously 等副词搭配；destroy 侧重“毁毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和 completely、entirely 等副词搭配；ruin 侧重“毁坏毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destroy）了，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了。

14、conflictn C&U 战斗；武装冲突：战斗；武装冲突：conflict areasThe conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.分歧；矛盾；冲突：分歧；矛盾；冲突：a conflict of opinionsa conflict of interest(s)come into conflict withShe found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.Her diary was a record of her inner conflict

15、.vi 矛盾；冲突；不一致：矛盾；冲突；不一致：His opinions conflicted with mine.构词：构词：con-(with,together 一起)+flict(to strike 打)一起打 冲突特洛伊战争是以争夺世上最漂亮的女人海伦（Helen）为起因，以阿伽门农（Agamemnon）及阿喀琉斯（Achilles）为首的希腊军进攻帕里斯及赫克托尔为首的特洛伊城的十年攻城战。然而根据世界通史的论述，特洛伊地处交通要道，商业发达，经济繁荣，人民生活富裕。亚该亚各君主结成联军，推举阿伽门农为统帅。他们对地中海沿岸最富有的地区早就垂涎三尺，一心想占为己有，于是以海伦为借口发

16、动战争，这才是特洛伊战争的真正目的。文化拓展文化拓展评价；评定评价；评定assess估算；估价估算；估价assess vt 评价；评定评价；评定 to make a judgement about a person or situation(judge)：Its difficult to assess the impact of the Presidents speech.Many of the adults were assessed as having learning difficulties.估算；估价估算；估价 to calculate the value or cost of st

17、h(estimate)：Damage to the building was assessed at 40,000.assessment n C&U 评定；评价；估价；估算评定；评价；估价；估算精准的汉语释义：精准的汉语释义：“评评”价，强调定性价，强调定性精准的汉语释义：估精准的汉语释义：估“算算”，强调定量，强调定量assess 小结小结assess 评价评价；评定；评定强调“定性定性”，与judge同义，后面不接具体的数字。估算估算；估价；估价强调“定量定量”，与estimate同义，后面往往接具体的数字或how much等。collapse 震惊世界的911事件：2001年9月11日，

18、两架遭到恐怖分子劫持的飞机分别撞向世界贸易中心一号楼和二号楼，两座大楼在两个小时内相继倒塌倒塌，导致包括世贸中心其余5栋大楼、德意志银行大楼在内的多栋建筑物严重受损。Two hijacked commercial planes slammed into the twin towers of the World Trade Center,causing them to collapse.两架遭到劫持的商用飞机撞向世界贸易中心双子塔，导致双塔倒塌倒塌。构词：构词：col(together)+laps(to slip,fall 滑、落)+-e(动词后缀)一起滑落 倒塌(基本义)vi 倒塌；坍塌：倒塌

19、；坍塌：These homes can easily collapse during earthquakes.（因病等）倒下；昏倒；晕倒：因病等）倒下；昏倒；晕倒：In November 2016,Huang collapsed and was taken to hospital,where he was diagnosed with cancer.崩溃；瓦解崩溃；瓦解 (break down)：Lots of people lost their jobs when the property market collapsed.Why Maya civilization collapsed re

20、mains a mystery.collapsen U 倒塌；坍塌：倒塌；坍塌：the collapse of the building 单数倒下；昏倒；晕倒：单数倒下；昏倒；晕倒：She was taken to hospital after her collapse at work.单数崩溃；瓦解单数崩溃；瓦解：economic collapsecollapse语义网络图语义网络图倒塌倒塌collapse（基本义）（基本义）建筑物等建筑物等“倒塌倒塌”崩溃；瓦解崩溃；瓦解系统、组织等系统、组织等“倒塌倒塌”人因病人因病“倒塌倒塌”倒塌；坍塌倒塌；坍塌（因病等）倒（因病等）倒下；昏倒；晕下；

21、昏倒；晕倒倒崩溃；瓦解崩溃；瓦解倒塌；坍塌倒塌；坍塌倒下；昏倒；倒下；昏倒；晕倒晕倒vnsuspend悬索桥，又名吊桥（suspension bridge）指的是用缆索做桥梁主要承重结构的桥。将缆索悬挂在桥两端塔架上，桥身用细索或吊杆吊在缆索上。2020年12月11日上午，世界首座高速铁路悬索桥连接江苏扬州和镇江的五峰山长江大桥通车啦！大桥全长6.4公里，创七项世界之最。推特安全账户2021年1月8日晚发文称：“在仔细审查特朗普账户最近发布的推文以及这些推文的背景后,我们已永久停封（停封（suspend）该帐户。”暂停；中止；使暂停发挥作用（或使用等）暂停；中止；使暂停发挥作用（或使用等）to

22、 officially stop sth for a time：The repair work was suspended.译林新选必-4Talks between the two countries have now been suspended.Twitter announces that it is permanently suspending his account.suspend vt 正式用语正式用语 悬；挂；吊悬；挂；吊 to hang sth from sth else：The builders worked on wooden platforms,suspended by r

23、opes from the roof of the building.It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed with my legs suspended in the air.构词构词：sus-(up from under 从下往上)+pend(to hang 挂、悬挂)悬、挂(基本义)suspend悬、挂悬、挂物体物体悬、挂悬、挂事情事情 使暂时停职（或停学等）使暂时停职（或停学等）：He was suspended from school for fighting.【词汇拓展词汇拓展】suspension n U单数暂停；中

24、止：单数暂停；中止：the suspension of business/a meeting The school allows a partial suspension of its rules on the last day of term.U&C 暂令停职（或停学、停赛等）：暂令停职（或停学、停赛等）：suspension from office/school suspension bridge 悬索桥；斜拉桥；吊桥悬索桥；斜拉桥；吊桥悬、挂悬、挂人的职业、学业人的职业、学业suspend 语义网络图语义网络图悬、挂悬、挂物体物体悬；挂；吊悬；挂；吊使暂时停职（或使暂时停职（或停学等）停

25、学等）暂停；中止暂停；中止悬、挂悬、挂人的职人的职业、学业业、学业悬、挂悬、挂事情事情暂停；中止；使暂暂停；中止；使暂停发挥作用（或使停发挥作用（或使用等）用等）暂令停职（或停暂令停职（或停学、停赛等）学、停赛等）悬、挂悬、挂suspend（基本义基本义）suspension1.Dont damage your health for a good figure.2.Dont let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.3.She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future

26、career.本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总随堂检测随堂检测1.The bus was badly _ when it hit the wall.2.The building was completely _ by fire.3.It poured with rain and my dress got _.4.This illness has _ my life.5.Ninety percent of their island was _ and they had nothing.6.The homeless shelter was entirely _ in the huge earthqua

27、ke.一、选择适当的单词填空。一、选择适当的单词填空。damageddestroyedruinedruineddestroyeddestroyeddamage,destroy,ruinruin damage destroy1.The bad weather _（毁了我们的旅行）.2.A large number of churches _（毁坏）after the revolution.(ruin n)3.The town _（沦为废墟）after years of bombing.二、根据所给汉语及提示完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语及提示完成下列句子。fell into/went to ru

28、inwas/lay in ruinsruined our tripconflict一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Can this peace settlement bring an end to years of conflict?_2.The statements of the two witnesses conflict._3.There is a growing conflict of interest between her position as a politician and her business activities._二、

29、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Individual aims may be _（与冲突）company aims.2.Learning to _（解决矛盾）can help students deal with friends,teachers,parents,bosses,and coworkers.利益冲突利益冲突不一致不一致in conflict withsolve/settle/resolve conflicts（军事）冲突（军事）冲突assess一、根据句意，选出下列句子中一、根据句意，选出下列句子中assess的汉语释义。的

30、汉语释义。1.Use the information below to assess how much money Dave and Jane will be able to give to charity._2.I was determined to be assessed as a musician,not as a deaf musician,and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London._二、根据句意，选出下列句子中根据句意，选出下列句子中assess的近义词。的近义词。1.Our house is asses

31、sed at$200,000 but its only 2,100 square feet.(judged/estimated)_2.This exam is a tool to help me and you assess how well you are learning the course material.(judge/estimate)_ estimated judge 评价；评定 估算；估价写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.When the market for nutria（海狸鼠）collapsed in the late 1980s,t

32、he cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.（2020 全国改）_2.The roof collapsed under the weight of snow._3.He collapsed following a vigorous（剧烈的）exercise session at his home._4.The enterprise collapsed through lack of support._5.Our plans will collapse unless we get more help._6.Share prices collapsed a

33、fter news of poor trading figures._崩溃崩溃坍塌坍塌/倒塌倒塌昏倒昏倒失败失败倒闭倒闭collapse 暴跌暴跌写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.A lamp was suspended from the ceiling._2.Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out._ 3.Dave was suspended from school for a week._4.Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident._ 悬悬 /挂挂 /吊吊 暂停暂停 /中止中止 被停学被停学 被停职被停职suspend谢谢谢谢观观赏赏