中考英语三轮复习之信息还原和阅读表达(共39张PPT).pptx

1、信息还原阅读表达信 息 还 原Gap-Filling01Game TimeWork out a jigsaw puzzle?How can you work out a jigsaw puzzle?1.the whole picture(the structure)2.the pattern(logic)3.the colour(details&key words)4.What is tested in gap filling?考试说明：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。0102Main idea and structure of the text03Detail

2、s and key wordsLogic of the contextSteps to work out gap filling04Check the answersLets work it out!01Be a Structure Analyst(分析结构、分析结构、关注上下文关注上下文）02Be a Keyword Searcher（找（找寻寻关键词）关键词）03Be a Logic Explorer（探索逻辑）（探索逻辑）04Be a Gap Filler（实战演练）（实战演练）Be a Structure Analyst STRUCTURE（结（结 构）构）标题标题（title)（小标

3、题（小标题 subtitle）段首段首(at the beginning)段中段中(in the middle)段尾段尾(at the end)Sometimes it may seem difficult to improve our health.If so,the following health habits may help you.Eat breakfast every morning.Research shows that if you eat a meal in the morning you may not become too fat or eat too much dur

4、ing lunch.Dating breakfast can help people feel better through the day._.Social groups can provide support.They might include sport teams,art or music groups.The people in the group can offer advice and can help each other in difficult times.A.Join sports teams.B.Join social groups.C.Join music grou

5、ps.Be a Structure Analyst 1.1.选标题选标题标题的句式不长，总结归纳全文主旨大意。如果是小标题，那么和其标题的句式不长，总结归纳全文主旨大意。如果是小标题，那么和其他小标题的句式一致，并阐述本段的主旨大意。他小标题的句式一致，并阐述本段的主旨大意。_.Youd better meet friends for a walk not for a meal.As you walk you will see the beautiful world around you.Once you try you will find that adding a walk into yo

6、ur daily life is very easy.A.Friendship is very valuable for us.B.You probably meet some strangers or friends every day.C.Walking is an easy way to exercise.Be a Structure Analyst 2.2.选段首句选段首句通常是段落的主题句，通过分析段落中心意思和一些共有通常是段落的主题句，通过分析段落中心意思和一些共有的关键词（重复词的关键词（重复词）进行判断。进行判断。How fast can a home remodeling(

7、改造)project be completed?_ At least,thats the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces.A.About 48 hours.B.But you didnt see that on the show.C.They loved redecorating their neighbors place.Be a Structure Analyst 3.3.选段中句选段中句注意空前空后的句子，这些句子与句子之间，必然有联系。段中句起注意空前空后的句子，这些句子与句子之间，必然有联系。

8、段中句起承上启下的作用。承上启下的作用。Almost every extremely successful person works more hours than the average persona lot more.They have long lists of things they want to get done._.A.They avoid the crowds.B.They are never too proud.C.So they have to put in lots of time.Be a Structure Analyst 4.4.选段尾句选段尾句段尾句可能为全文或

9、段落的总结段尾句可能为全文或段落的总结,也可能起承上启下作用。也可能起承上启下作用。Be a Keyword Searcher 关键词1.同词复现 Pick up a hobby.If you like singing,sing as much as you can._.And it will make you happy and confident.A.Get rid of fear.B.Do something different.C.In some ways,a hobby can make you outstanding.Be a keyword searcher Sometimes

10、kids are glad to hear a“no”from their parents._A.There are two types of parent love.B.It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents control.C.They dont want to talk with their parents.关键词2.近义词Be a keyword searcher There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town,or c

11、hanged our jobs or schools.Such changes often leaves us without a friend._.But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.A.Try not to find fault with your friends.B.Making new friends comes easy for some people.C.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.关键词3.反义词Be a k

12、eyword searcher Making a trip to the kitchen could be a fun way to spend an afternoon indoors!_.Cooking will give you a lot of opportunities to work on something.A.It would be cool to stay indoors with your family.B.Everybody in the family could gather and cook a meal.关键词4.同根词同根词同根词是指词根相同意义相似的词。通常同词

13、根的词有动词、形容词、是指词根相同意义相似的词。通常同词根的词有动词、形容词、副词和名词。副词和名词。actact actactive ive actactively ively actactivityivitycreate creatcreate creatoror creat creativity ivity creatcreativeiveBe a keyword searcher Doing some exercises in the day should help you feel tired._ However,coffee or tea should be avoided as

14、they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.A.A bedtime drink can also help B.Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.关键词5.同畴词同畴词同畴词指一个范畴里的不同事物。指一个范畴里的不同事物。fruit apple orange peartransportation bus car bikeBe a keyword searcher Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun

15、creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is,its extremely important to wear sunglasses._A.Eye care should begin early in life.B.They can properly protect your eyes.C.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.关键词6.代词and,also,besides,then,first,second,not only but also,furthermore,moreover

16、,in addition,.but,however,yet,otherwise,on the other hand,rather than,on the contrary,because,for,since,as,thus,so,therefore,thanks to,as a result,because of,in other words,that is to say,in fact，actually,for example,such as,.Be a logic explorer 解释关系解释关系explanationexplanation并列并列/递进关系递进关系parallel/pr

17、ogressiveparallel/progressive转折关系转折关系transitiontransition因果关系因果关系cause and effectcause and effect Confidence(自信)is very important in daily life.It can help you to develop a healthy attitude.A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier.They can have more chances to make thems

18、elves successful._1_Speak aloudWhen you are not confident,you cant do well what you want to do._2_ Try to speak aloud so that people can hear you clearly.The high voice can help you become more confident._3_ Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed.When you are playing sports,you wil

19、l be full of confidence.Encourage yourself Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well._4_ You helped your mother with the housework.You told a joke that made someone laugh.Give yourself praise for the good things youve done.Get rid of(消除消除)fear Fear

20、comes along with failure(失败)._5_ Dont hide your head just because you said something stupid last time.Try to start again and believe you can do better.Be a gap filler A.I want to be confident.B.Play sports C.But its easy to overcome if you know that failure is a part of your life.D.There are some su

21、ggestions.E.Exercise is very interesting.F.You finished your homework.G.You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you.段尾段尾承上启下承上启下(structure）反义词反义词（keyword）小标题小标题短小精悍、结构一致短小精悍、结构一致（structure）并列关系并列关系（logic）转折关系转折关系（logic）D DG GB BF FC C解 题 思 路一看位置（structure）是标题/段首/段尾/还是段中二找词汇（key

22、word）锁定选项与文中信息相关联的关键词三思逻辑(logic)思考选项与文中行文逻辑是否符合SUM UP 阅 读 表 达ReadingExpression02阅读理解和书面表达的有机结合考察学生阅读获取有效信息的能力（reading ability）转换加工处理信息的能力（the ability to organize ideas)结合个人观点、自由表达的能力(the ability to express ones ideas)0102阅 读 表 达问题一：封闭性问题（问题一：封闭性问题（1)(detailed question)1)(detailed question)问 题 类 型问题二

23、：理解性问题（问题二：理解性问题（2)(Deeper understanding question)2)(Deeper understanding question)问题三：开放性问题（问题三：开放性问题（3)(Yes-No question&your own idea)3)(Yes-No question&your own idea)Enjoy a songSix QuestionsSix Wh-words whowhatwhenwherehowwhypeoplethingstimeplacewaysreasonsReading ExpressionHow to express in a s

24、tandard way?Questions beginning with“when and where”2.Where was Car Free Day first started?In France.1.When was Car Free Day first started in China?In 2001.Questions beginning with“who”1.Whos allowed to drive on Car Free Day in Brussels?Persons with a special permit.noun/noun phraseDont forget“prepo

25、sition”Organized activities are held in many cities on Car Free Day.In Brussels,Car Free Day shall be valid(有效的有效的)for everybody except persons with a special permit(许可证许可证)，It was first started by 34 cities in France and September 22 is Car Free Day.The first Car Free Day in China was in Chengdu in

26、 2001.Some tips for answering in a standard way.Questions beginning with“what”1.What are held in many cities on Car Free Day?Organized activities.2.What does Car Free Day ask drivers not to do every month?It asks them not to drive for one day.3.What s the purpose of Car Free Day?To protect the envir

27、onment.How to express in a standard way?Car Free Day encourages drivers to give up their cars for a day to protect the environment.Organized activities are held in many cities on Car Free Day.In Beijing,it asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to wor

28、k.More and more people are joining in the activity.noun phrasea complete sentenceto doSome tips for answering in a standard way.Questions beginning with“how”1.How did the man help the boy get more money?By changing the words on the sign.How to express in a standard way?Questions beginning with“why”3

29、.Why couldnt the boy enjoy the beauty of the day?Because he was blind./Because of his blindness.by doing sthThen he took the sign,turned it around and wrote some words.He put the sign back so that everyone who walked by would see the new words.Soon the box was full.A lot more people were giving mone

30、y to the blind boy.That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were.The boy recognized his footsteps and asked,Were youthe one who changed my sign this morning?What did you write?The second sign told people that they were able to enjoy the beauty of the day,but that the bo

31、y could not enjoy it because he was blind.Because./Because of.问题一：封闭性问题（问题一：封闭性问题（1)(detailed question)1)(detailed question)问 题类 型 一考查学生通过阅读获取有效信息的能力答案是固定和唯一的可以在文章直接找到明确的依据，无需做信息转换也不需要加入自己的观点SearchLocateUnderline问 题 类 型 一Recently Readers,a very popular TV program,is staged in the form of reading.Don

32、g Qing works as both a hostess and a producer.Readers hopes to tell us what the world is and it takes us to see the beautiful world by reading.1.What is Readers according to the passage?A very popular TV program.问 题 类 型 二考察学生通过阅读获取有效信息并转换加工处理信息的能力。在文章多处寻找信息，答案需经过重组、归纳、转换等处理。问题二：理解性问题（问题二：理解性问题（2)(De

33、eper understanding question)2)(Deeper understanding question)Locate ReorganizeTransform问 题 类 型 二The show has invited some influential guests who have rich experiences and touching stories,like Ni Ping,Wang Yuan from TFBOYS and Yao Chen.2.What kind of people have been invited to“Readers”?People who h

34、ave rich experiences and touching stories.问 题 类 型 三考察学生根据个人观点，自由表达的能力考察遣词造句能力、准确运用语法的能力、词汇量等该题的答案是多样性和主观性的，但需符合题目的要求。问题三：开放性问题（问题三：开放性问题（3)(Yes-No questionown idea)3)(Yes-No questionown idea)Think deeply Express reasonably问 题 类 型 三 This is a lovely story for young readers to read or listen to.It has

35、 a wonderful message for all children about facing their fears一real and imagined.The pictures in the book catch the worry Mitch feels and make Bruiser really look like a bad guy.My only complaint is the colour of the printing of the text.Why there are pages of different coloured print I cannot tell.

36、They may create problems for children with poor eyesight.55.After reading the book review，do you think the book is worth reading?Why or why not?(2017年苏州中考）Yes.Because it tells me how to face the fears.No.Because the color of the printing is bad for our eyes.定位(Locate)Locate the information转换(Transfo

37、rm)表达（Express）单击添加标题Transform the informationExpress your ideas解 题 步 骤表达(Express)实 战 演 练53.How many tips does the article include?53.How many tips does the article include?54.How can we develop our critical thinking skills?54.How can we develop our critical thinking skills?55.Do you think it55.Do yo

38、u think it s important to keep our mind and body healthy?Why or why not?s important to keep our mind and body healthy?Why or why not?The novel coronavirus kept us home for months,and its not gone yet.It will end,of course.But it has taught us to take a second look at our habits and to live better.He

39、re are some tips for staying healthy.Keep a strong body Keep a strong body We all know that a strong body is the key to fight the virus.How can we keep one?Do more exercise and eat a balanced diet.Drink more water and go to bed before 11 p.m.Develop different hobbiesDevelop different hobbies Some pe

40、ople might find that staying home is boring.Developing different hobbies can help you have fun.You can learn painting or calligraphy(书法),chess or swimming.Hobbies can help you stay positive even in hard times.Learn more about scienceLearn more about science You might have read stories that say garli

41、c(蒜)can kill the novel coronavirus.This has been proved to be not true.Learning more about science can help us tell facts apart from rumors(谣言).It will help us develop our critical thinking skills and stay calm when facing the unknown.To love and to be lovedTo love and to be loved Many people lost f

42、amily members during the novel coronavirus outbreak.We should care about the people around us.Take a step back when you argue(争吵)with someone.Make a small gift or cook a meal for your family on special days.Four.Four.By learning more about science.By learning more about science.Yes.Because keeping o

43、ur mind and body heathy can make us strong,active and ready to Yes.Because keeping our mind and body heathy can make us strong,active and ready to learn.learn.Tips for not losing pointshandwriting(书写书写)capitalization(首字母大写首字母大写)punctuation marks(标点标点)spelling(拼写拼写)personal pronouns(人称人称)tenses and voices(时态和语态时态和语态)part of speech(词性词性)the singular or plural form(单复数单复数)Rome was not built in a day.Practise makes perfect!THANKS FOR LISTEINING!