高考英语语法复习主谓一致课件.ppt

1、高考英语语法复习之高考英语语法复习之主谓一致主谓一致 1 什么叫主谓一致什么叫主谓一致 写出括号中动词的适当形式写出括号中动词的适当形式 1.I _(be)the ninth letter of the alphabet.I 是字母表中第9个字母。2.Both the touchmenot and the forgetmenot _(be)plants.含羞草和勿忘我都是植物。is are 1 3.Attitude _(decide)everything.态度决定一切。4.Opinions about whether to go into details about the issue_(va

2、ry)from person to person.关于是否深入问题的细节这个问题，观点因人而异。decides vary 1 句子中谓语动词和主语在人称和数上的统一性叫主谓一致。能否将主谓一致理解为能否将主谓一致理解为“主语是复数形式则谓语主语是复数形式则谓语用复数，主语是单数形式则谓语用单数用复数，主语是单数形式则谓语用单数”？翻译下列句子，标出句中的主语和谓语动词翻译下列句子，标出句中的主语和谓语动词 1.书籍是人类的好朋友。2【答案】Books主 are谓 good friends to man 2.一个流浪汉躺在公园的长凳上，双手抖个不停。2【答案答案】A_homeless_man主

3、was_lying_on谓 the bench in the park,with both his hands trembling.3.许多抽烟者把医生的忠告当耳边风。【答案答案】Many_a_smoker主 turns_a_deaf_ear_to谓 the doctors advice.4.当时一千英镑是一大笔钱。2【答案答案】One_thousand_pounds主 was谓 quite a big sum of money at that time.5.羊主要吃草。【答案答案】Sheep主 feed谓 on grass.2 主语是复数形式，谓语不一定用复数(如例句4)；主语是单数形式谓语

4、也不一定用单数(如例句5)。3 观察每组句子中谓语动词单复数形式与主语的关观察每组句子中谓语动词单复数形式与主语的关系，尝试找出其中的规律系，尝试找出其中的规律 1.(1)Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚。(2)Every dog has his day.人人皆有得意时。2.(1)The wounded need medicine and food.伤员们需要药品和食物。(2)The wounded is his cousin.那个伤员是他的表弟。主谓一致有什么原则？主谓一致有什么原则？3 3.(1)Not only Beijing but also

5、 other cities in China have taken on a new look.不仅北京而且中国其他城市的面貌也焕然一新。(2)Not human resources but the system counts.不是人力资源而是制度起决定作用。4.(1)English as well as other languages has its own rules.同其他语言一样，英语也有其自身特点。3 (2)There is only one teacher and twentysix students in this remote school.这所偏远的学校有一个老师和26个学生

6、。3 主谓一致原则有：主谓一致原则有：1.语法一致原则。即主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式。主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式(如例句1)。2.意义一致原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由主语表达的实际意义决定。同样形式的主语含义不同时，谓语单复数形式有变化(如例句2)。3 3.就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近谓语动词的名词确定(如例句3)。4.承前原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式由远离谓语动词的名词确定(如例句4)4 完成下列句子，注意谓语动词的形式完成下列句子，注意谓语动词的形式 1.The problem _(need)further discussion and well discuss

7、 it next Wednesday.2.A l l t h e e m p l o y e e s i n t h i s j o i n t venture_(pay)by the job.3.Oil _(be)to industry what blood is to the body.谓语动词单复数形式怎样确定？谓语动词单复数形式怎样确定？needs are/were paid is4 4.The doctor and teacher _(speak)good English thanks to having lived abroad for years.5.Growing vegeta

8、bles _(need)constant watering.6.To be a pilot _(be)his dream.7.When he will be set free from the prison _(remain)a big problem.8.Neither the hostess nor her children_(like)hot food,so please dont add pepper.speaks is/was needs remains like 4 9.Look!The mother cat with all her babies_(run)after a mou

9、se.10.Since all _(be)ready and all of us _(be)here,lets begin our meeting.1 1.E a c h b o o k a n d e a c h d i c t i o n a r y here_(publish)by BNUP last year.12.Many a visitor _(have)such an experience so far.are running are iswas published has had4 13.More than one person_(charge)with theft the o

10、ther day.14.One and a half buildings_(burn)in the big fire last night.15.His family _(be)very large.16.Gone _(be)the days when teachers were looked down upon.was charged is was burnt are4 17.Growing in the field _(be)green crops.What a beautiful scenery!18.There _(be)no reply from the company in cha

11、rge up to now.are has been 3 1谓语动词的单复数形式一般是根据主谓一致谓语动词的单复数形式一般是根据主谓一致的原则来确定：的原则来确定：主谓一致遵守的“就近原则”句型中，谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近谓语动词的名词确定。此类句式有：Neither A nor B/Either A or B/Whether A or B/Not only A but also B /A or B/Not A but B/There be A and B。谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近谓语动词的名词B确定。4 主谓一致遵守的“承前原则”句型中，谓语动词的单复数形式由远离谓语动词的名词确定。此类

12、句式有：A with B/A along with B/A together with B/A as well as B/A including B/A except/(but)B谓语动词的单复数形式由远离谓语动词的名词A确定。4 4 all,some,the rest of分数/百分数等作主语，谓语动词的单复数根据实际意义确定。all指物，表示“一切”时，谓语用单数，指人时谓语用复数。集合名词作主语强调整体，谓语用单数。强调成员，谓语用复数。如：My family were watching TV when the electricity was cut off。4 2确定谓语动词的单复数形

13、式还有以下几种情确定谓语动词的单复数形式还有以下几种情况：况：不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数形式。and连接的两个名词表达同一概念，谓语用单数形式。这类名词如 knife and fork(刀叉)；bread and butter(黄油面包),horse and cart(马车)等。动名词短语作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。4从句作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。当every A and every B/each A and each B/no A and no B/many a A and many a B作主语时，谓语用单数。Many a 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。More than one 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。4 One and a half 复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。表语前置，主语在后，谓语单复数与主语一致。进行时中的现在分词提前，主语在后，谓语单复数与主语一致。