中考英语复习课件：动词及动词短语-(共79张).ppt

1、考点考点1 常见易混动词辨析常见易混动词辨析(1)spend/pay/cost/take表示表示“花费花费”spend主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。spend.on.;spend.(in)doing sth.pay主语是人，指花费金钱。主语是人，指花费金钱。pay.for.spend.oncost主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其他代价。主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其他代价。sth.cost(s)(sb.).take多用多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。作形式主语，指花费时间。It takes sb.to do sth.Sb.spend(s).(in)doing s

2、th.Mom never spends any money on herself.妈妈从来都不在妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。自己身上花钱。May I borrow 12 yuan from you?Ill pay it back next week.你能借给我你能借给我12块钱吗块钱吗?我下周还你。我下周还你。It wont cost you a penny for the first six months.开始的六开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。个月你不用花一分钱。It took them three years to build this road.他们用三年时间他们用三年时间修完了这条路。修

3、完了这条路。(2)look/watch/see/read 表示表示“看看”look看看(动作动作)；可单独成句；可单独成句；look at.watch看看(电视、比赛电视、比赛)；注视；注视see看见看见(结果结果)；看望；理解；看望；理解(I see.)read看看(书、报书、报)；读；读懂别人的内心；读；读懂别人的内心look可以表示可以表示“看上去看上去”，是感官动词，后接形容词。，是感官动词，后接形容词。看病看病(看医生看医生)用用see a doctor表示。表示。(3)speak/say/talk/tell表示表示“说说”speak发言；说发言；说(某种语言某种语言)say说说(内

4、容内容)；写有；写有talk谈论；谈论；talk about sth.;talk to/with sb.tell告诉；讲述；告诉；讲述；tell sb.(not)to do sth.(4)感官动词感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smelllook看起来看起来(视觉视觉)taste尝起来尝起来(味觉味觉)sound听起来听起来(听觉听觉)feel摸起来摸起来(触觉触觉)smell闻起来闻起来(嗅觉嗅觉)(6)hope/wish/expecthope希望；希望；hope to to sth.;hopethat 从句从句wish但愿、希望；但愿、希望；wish to do sth

5、.;wish sb.to do sth.;wishthat 从句从句expect期待、期望；期待、期望；expect to do sth.;expect sb.to do sth.(5)borrow/lend/keep表示表示“借借”borrow借用；借用；borrow sth.from sb.lend借给；借给；lend sth.to sb.keep借用若干时间；借用若干时间；keep.for 2 days(8)hear/listen/soundhear听见；听见；hear名词名词(强调听的结果强调听的结果)listen听；听；listen to名词名词(强调听的过程强调听的过程)sound

6、听起来；听起来；sound形容词形容词(强调听的效果强调听的效果)(7)forget/leaveforget表示表示“忘记忘记”时，时，forget通常不能与表示地点的副通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用词或短语连用leave在表示在表示“遗忘遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点的状语连时，通常要与表示地点的状语连用用(9)wear/put on/dress/inwear“穿着；戴着穿着；戴着”，强调状态，强调状态，wear后可接穿戴的东西后可接穿戴的东西，包括眼镜、首饰等，包括眼镜、首饰等put on“穿上；戴上穿上；戴上”，指，指“穿穿”的动作，反义词为的动作，反义词为“take off”dress

7、“穿衣穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某给某人穿衣服人穿衣服”；dress onself“打扮；给自己穿衣服打扮；给自己穿衣服”in表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表颜色的词表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表颜色的词常见易混动词辨析常见易混动词辨析考生经常在同义词、近义词、形近词辨析这几点上触雷。考生经常在同义词、近义词、形近词辨析这几点上触雷。(10)reach/get/arrivereach“到达到达”，是及物动词，是及物动词(比比get更正式更正式)，其后可直接接，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语地点名词作宾语(不能用介词不能用介词)get“到达到达”，不及物动词

8、，之后通常接介词，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 toarrive“到达到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 at(一般用一般用于较小的地方于较小的地方)或或 in(一般用于较大的地方一般用于较大的地方)3.(襄阳中考襄阳中考)Great!Our womens volleyball team _the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games on Saturday!Yes.We see the great spirit of Chinese womens volleyball team once again!A.won B.beat C.lost

9、D.missed A 1.Last night they _ home at _ 12：00.A.got;behind B.got;aroundC.got to;about D.arrive at;behind2.Our English teacher often _ we can speak Chinese when we _ with her.A.speaks;say B.talk;talkC.says;talk D.tell;speak B C 5.(日照中考日照中考)What time is it?Just a minute,I will _ it for you.A.examine

10、B.check C.watch D.setB4.(凉山中考凉山中考)Wow,your sweater is very beautiful!Thank you.I bought it two days ago.It _ me$50.A.took B.cost C.paid D.spent B 8.(海南中考海南中考)I _sick.I may have a fever.Youd better go to see a doctor.A.feel B.look C.sound A 6.(盐城中考盐城中考)China has seen a trend(潮流潮流)of _ shared bikes si

11、nce last year.A.ride B.riding C.take D.taking7.(天津中考天津中考)The cheese doesnt _ good.Why dont we go to buy some fresh cheese?Sounds great!A.see B.find C.sound D.taste B Dlook短语短语look after照料；照顾照料；照顾look at看看look for寻找；寻求寻找；寻求look forward to盼望；期待盼望；期待look out注意；当心；向外看注意；当心；向外看look through快速查看；浏览快速查看；浏览l

12、ook up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看查阅；抬头看look up to钦佩；仰慕钦佩；仰慕考点考点2 动词短语辨析动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。全不同的动词短语。(1)同一动词的不同搭配同一动词的不同搭配cut短语短语cut down砍倒砍倒cut off切除切除cut out删除；删去删除；删去cut up切碎切碎run短语短语run after

13、追逐；追赶追逐；追赶run away跑开跑开run out(of)用尽；耗尽用尽；耗尽look短语辨析短语辨析look构成的各种动词短语比较难辨析，考生经常在这一点上构成的各种动词短语比较难辨析，考生经常在这一点上触雷。触雷。take短语短语take after(外貌或行为外貌或行为)像像take care of照顾；处理照顾；处理take down拆除；往下拽；记录拆除；往下拽；记录take in吸入；吞入吸入；吞入(体内体内)take off脱下；起飞脱下；起飞take place发生；出现发生；出现take up(尤指为消遣尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做学着做；开始做turn短语短语turn

14、 down调低调低turn up调高调高turn.into变成变成turn on接通接通(电流、煤气、水等电流、煤气、水等)；打开；打开turn off关掉关掉turn left/right向左向左/右转右转use短语短语be/get used to习惯于习惯于be used to do被用来做被用来做used to曾经曾经；过去；过去give短语短语give away赠送；捐赠赠送；捐赠give out分发；散发分发；散发give up放弃放弃give in屈服屈服get短语短语get dressed穿上衣服穿上衣服get into陷入；参与陷入；参与get lost迷路迷路get off下

15、车下车get on 上车上车get on with与与相处相处get up起床；站起起床；站起bring短语短语bring back恢复；使想起；归还恢复；使想起；归还bring out使显现；使表现出使显现；使表现出fall短语短语fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着进入梦乡；睡着fall down突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall in love爱上；喜欢上爱上；喜欢上fall over绊倒绊倒call短语短语call(sb.)back(给某人给某人)回电话回电话call in召来；叫来召来；叫来call up打电话给打电话给(某人某人)；征召；征召come短语短语come

16、true实现；成为现实实现；成为现实come up with想出；提出想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等主意、计划、回答等)put短语短语put on增加增加(体重体重)；发胖；发胖put off推迟推迟put up搭起；举起；张贴搭起；举起；张贴put away收拾收拾(整理整理)好好put sth.to good use好好利用某物好好利用某物put out熄灭熄灭set短语短语set out出发；启程出发；启程set up建起；建立建起；建立go短语短语go along(the street)沿着沿着(这条街这条街)走走go off(闹钟闹钟)发出响声发出响声go out外出外出(娱乐娱乐)

17、make短语短语make sure确保；查明确保；查明make up编造编造(故事、谎言等故事、谎言等)end up最终成为；最后处于最终成为；最后处于fix up修理；装饰修理；装饰give up放弃放弃grow up长大；成熟长大；成熟hurry up赶快；急忙赶快；急忙look up查找查找make up编造编造(故事、谎言等故事、谎言等)pick up捡起；接电话捡起；接电话put up搭起；举起搭起；举起(2)同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配up短语短语call up打电话给打电话给(某人某人)；征召；征召cheer up(使使)变得更高兴；振奋起来变得更

18、高兴；振奋起来clean up打扫打扫(或清除或清除)干净干净cut up切碎切碎dress up装扮；乔装打扮装扮；乔装打扮out短语短语blow out吹灭吹灭bring out使显现；使表现出使显现；使表现出check out察看；观察察看；观察clear out清理；丢掉清理；丢掉find out查明；弄清查明；弄清give out分发；散发分发；散发go out外出外出(娱乐娱乐)hand out分发分发set up建起；建立建起；建立show up赶到；露面赶到；露面stay up熬夜熬夜take up(尤指为消遣尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占据学着做；开始做；占据wake up醒

19、；叫醒醒；叫醒down短语短语die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失逐渐变弱；逐渐消失let.down使失望使失望lie down躺下躺下pull.down拆下；摧毁拆下；摧毁write down写下；记录下写下；记录下hang out闲逛；常去某处闲逛；常去某处lay out摆开；布置摆开；布置leave out不包括；不提及；忽略不包括；不提及；忽略run out(of)用尽；耗尽用尽；耗尽sell out卖光卖光set out出发；启程出发；启程work out成功地发展；解决成功地发展；解决(3)完全不同的动词词组完全不同的动词词组ask for请求；恳求请求；恳求(给予给予)care f

20、or照顾；非常喜欢照顾；非常喜欢believe in信任；信赖信任；信赖care about关心；在意关心；在意clean.off把把擦掉擦掉depend on依靠；信赖依靠；信赖with短语短语agree with同意；赞成同意；赞成compare.with比较；对比比较；对比connect.with.把把和和连接或联系起来连接或联系起来deal with应付；处理应付；处理part with放弃、交出放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西尤指不舍得的东西)stick to坚持；固守坚持；固守pay attention to注意；关注注意；关注pass by路过；经过路过；经过pay for付费；付出

21、代价付费；付出代价prepare for.为为做准备做准备pull together齐心协力；通力合作齐心协力；通力合作shut off关闭；停止运转关闭；停止运转take sb.s place代替；替换代替；替换think of认为认为divide.into把把分开分开separate from分开；分离分开；分离hear from(sb.)接到接到(某人的某人的)信、电话等信、电话等throw away扔掉；抛弃扔掉；抛弃drop by顺便访问；随便进入顺便访问；随便进入10.(山西中考山西中考)When youre invited to have dinner at home by an

22、 American friend,you should be _ or a little later.Its different from our Chinese custom.A.on time B.on business C.on show A 9.(安徽中考安徽中考)Our geography teacher told us to _more information about our city and share it next week.A.find out B.keep awayC.turn off D.use upA13.(贵港中考贵港中考)What should we do f

23、or the disabled children?You should _a study group to help them.A.take up B.set up C.look up D.put up14.(贵港中考贵港中考)Im going to Hong Kong next month.What about you,Jenny?I will _ social practice.A.take part in B.take placeC.take off D.take action B A 11.(盐城中考盐城中考)To athletes,the most important thing i

24、s not to win a gold or a sliver,but to _.A.take part B.take noticeC.take place D.take care12.(孝感中考孝感中考)Whats the meaning of“The Belt and Road”?Let me _the words in the new dictionary.A.look at B.look for C.look after D.look up A D 17.(南通中考南通中考)Make sure you have prepared everythingwell before you _t

25、he plan.A.try on B.break downC.think of D.carry out18.(荆州中考荆州中考)Whats the news about?People near the lake didnt allow them to _a factory so as not to pollute the water.A.look up B.put up C.take up D.set upDD15.(贵阳中考贵阳中考)We should not _trees in order to make our environment more beautiful.A.write dow

26、n B.cut downC.turn down16.(河南中考河南中考)Dont you know where your kids are in the house?Turn off the Internet and theyll _quickly.A.get up B.stand upC.show up D.hurry upBC20.(连云港中考连云港中考)Have you heard of the big fire that broke out on Huaguo Mountain at the Qingming Festival?Yes.Luckily,hundreds of firem

27、en went there and _ the fire immediately.A.put off B.put awayC.put down D.put outD21.(苏州中考苏州中考)As soon as she _ at home,Sally knew she had bought the wrong dress.A.handed it in B.tried it onC.cut it out D.made it up B 19.(宜昌中考宜昌中考)What do you think is important for the players on a team?Its to play

28、together and _ the best in each other.A.bring out B.look upC.believe in D.blow out A 考点考点3 情态动词情态动词(1)情态动词过去式与原形相比，表示更委婉的语气。情态动词过去式与原形相比，表示更委婉的语气。(2)mustnt表示否定意义，意为表示否定意义，意为“禁止，不允许禁止，不允许”。(3)have to有人称、数和时态的变化，表示受客观条件限制，有人称、数和时态的变化，表示受客观条件限制，意为意为“不得不不得不”。She has to take the bus to work.她不得不坐公交车去上班。她

29、不得不坐公交车去上班。22.(安徽中考安徽中考)Mum,Ive signed for the box.Whats in it?Im not sure.It _ be a present from your uncle.A.need B.must C.may D.willC23.(北京中考北京中考)_I hand in the report today?No,you neednt.A.Can B.Must C.Shall D.Could B(4)“May.?”句式的否定回答是句式的否定回答是“No,.cant.”。“Must.?”句式的否定回答是句式的否定回答是“No,.neednt./.don

30、t have to.”。26.(武威中考武威中考)I wonder if these are Dannys glasses?They _be Dannys.He doesnt wear glasses.A.cant B.must C.mustnt D.canA24.(福建中考福建中考)Mum,may I go swimming now?Yes,dear,but remember that you _ go with your dad.A.may B.can C.must25.(兰州中考兰州中考)Will Jim fly to Taiwan for a holiday?He _ try.In f

31、act,it depends on how much the journey costs.A.may B.has to C.need D.mustCA28.(龙东中考龙东中考)Look!The man at the school gate _be our headmaster.He is always standing there to welcome us every morning.No,it _ be him.He is holding a meeting in the office now.A.must;cant B.must;mustntC.cant;mustnt A27.(安顺中考

32、安顺中考)Must I stay here with you,Mum?No,you _.You may go home now,but you _ go to the netbar.A.mustnt;neednt B.neednt;mustntC.must;need D.need;must B 30.(荆州中考荆州中考)Sixty dollars for such a Tshirt!You _ be joking!Im serious.Its made of silk from Hangzhou.A.must B.need C.will D.can A29.(黄石中考黄石中考)Janet is

33、 sleeping at home.She _ be.I went for a walk with her just now.A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.wontA32.(温州中考温州中考)Weve ordered too much food.I _eat any more.Never mind.Lets take it home.A.cant B.mustntC.neednt D.shouldnt33.(重庆中考重庆中考)Robert,could you wash the car for me?Yes,I _.Im coming,dad.A.could B.coul

34、dnt C.can D.cantAC31.(咸宁中考咸宁中考)Its said that nuclear power will be used to produce electricity in Xianning.However,nuclear power _ be very dangerous.A.can B.needC.must D.should A34.(2016济南中考济南中考)Do you like the songs by Taylor?Yes.Country music _ nice and full of feelings.A.sounds B.listens C.hears

35、D.looks35.Excuse me.Id like a Christmas gift for my friend.What about this pair of gloves?It _ beautiful.A.feels B.looksC.seems D.becomesAB考点考点4 系动词系动词系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和表语一起构系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的身份、性质、特征等。成谓语，说明主语的身份、性质、特征等。考点考点5 助动词助动词(1)助动词助动词be36.The two boys _fond of the new toy

36、 bought by their father.A.be B.am C.is D.are37.Almost all the water _ gone.Please save water!A.are B.is C.have D.were D B有人称和时态的变化，主要用来构成谓语是实义动词的句子有人称和时态的变化，主要用来构成谓语是实义动词的句子的否定句、疑问句或对谓语动词进行强调。的否定句、疑问句或对谓语动词进行强调。Do you know China well?你很了解中国吗你很了解中国吗?Did your father call you yesterday?你爸爸昨天给你打电话你爸爸昨天给

37、你打电话了吗了吗?助动词助动词be主要用来表示各种时态和被动语态。主要用来表示各种时态和被动语态。(2)助动词助动词do与过去分词构成各种时态。与过去分词构成各种时态。You havent been abroad before,have you?你以前没出过你以前没出过国，是不是国，是不是?(3)助动词助动词have40.Mr.Smiths plane _.Lets wait for him here.A.hasnt arrived B.didnt arriveC.doesnt arrive D.couldnt arriveA38.(鄂州中考鄂州中考)He didnt go to school late yesterday,did he?_，though it rained hard yesterday.A.No,he didnt B.Yes,he didntC.Yes,he did D.No,he did39.(永州中考永州中考)David,_make trouble at school.A.cant B.dont C.doesntAB