脑膜脑脊液脑血管课件.ppt
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- 脑膜 脑脊液 脑血管 课件
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1、脑膜脑脊液脑血管The Meninges of Brain and Spinal CordnThe spinal cord and brain are surrounded by three membranes,the meninges.Named from the outside inward they are the dura mater,arachnoid,and pia mater.The meninges of spinal cord nSpinal dura mater 硬脊膜硬脊膜nSpinal arachnoid mater脊髓蛛网膜脊髓蛛网膜 nSpinal pia mate
2、r 软脊膜软脊膜Spinal arachnoid mater 脊髓蛛网膜脊髓蛛网膜 CharactersnA thin,delicate,tubular membran loosely investing spinal cordnAbove,it is continuous with cerebral arachnoid materSubarachnoid space 蛛网膜下隙蛛网膜下隙nPosition:lies between pia and arachnoid maters containing cerebrospinal fluidnTerminal cistern 终池终池:the
3、 largest part of subarachnoid space extending from termination of spinal cord to level of S2,where it is occupied by nerves of cauda equina,so it is the best site for a lumbar puncture Lumbar spinal puncture(spinal tap)Spinal pia mater 软脊膜软脊膜nA delicate vascular membrane that closely invests the spi
4、nal cordnDenticulate ligament齿状韧带齿状韧带:consist of 21 pairs triangular ligaments extending from spinal cord on each side between anterior and posterior roots of spinal nerves to spinal dura mate;these ligaments help to fix position of spinal cord.nFilum terminale:an extension of pia beyond conus medul
5、larisThe Meninges of BrainnCerebral dural mater 硬脑膜硬脑膜nCerebral arachnoid mater 脑蛛网膜脑蛛网膜nCerebral pia mater 软脑膜软脑膜Cerebral dural mater 硬脑膜硬脑膜CharactersnA thick and dense inelastic membrane that composed of two layers,an inner or meningeal and outer or endostealnIt is in loose contact with calvaria,a
6、nd most strongly adherent to base of skullFour septa nCerebral falx 大脑镰大脑镰nTentorium of cerebellum小脑幕小脑幕in front there is a gap,the tentorial incisure 幕切迹幕切迹,for passage of midbrainnCerebellar falx 小脑镰小脑镰nDiaphragma sellae 鞍隔鞍隔Sinuses of duramater 硬脑膜窦硬脑膜窦nSuperior sagittal sinus 上矢状窦上矢状窦 nInferior
7、sagittal sinus 下矢状窦下矢状窦 nStraight sinus 直窦直窦 nConfluence of sinus 窦汇窦汇 nTransverse sinus 横窦横窦 nSigmoid sinus 乙状窦乙状窦nSuperior petrosal sinuses 岩上窦岩上窦ninferior petrosal sinuses 岩下窦岩下窦Cavernous sinus 海绵窦海绵窦nPosition:lies on each side of sella turcicanRelations of cavernous sinus:qInternal carotid arter
8、y and abducent nerve run through the sinus qOculomotor and trochlear nerves and ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of trigeminal nerve lie in the lateral wall of the sinus The flowing of the blood in dural sinus Sup.sagittal sinus Inf.sagittal sinus Straight sinus Confluence of sinus Transverse sinu
9、s Cavernous sinus Sup.petrosal sinus Inf.petrosal sinus Internal jugular vein Sigmoid sinusCerebral arachnoid mater 脑蛛网膜脑蛛网膜nCharacters:a delicate membrane covering brain loosely,passing over sulci and entering only cerebral longitudinal and transverse fissures nArachnoid granulations 蛛网膜粒蛛网膜粒 proje
10、ct into sinuses of dura mater,serve as sites where cerebrospinal fluid diffuses into bloodstreamnSubarachnoid cisternsqCerebellomedullary cistern 小脑延髓池小脑延髓池qInterpeduncular cistern 脚间池脚间池qPontine cistern 桥池桥池qSuperior cistern 上池上池Cerebellomedullary cisternCerebral pia mater 软脑膜软脑膜nClosely invests br
11、ain surface,in some areas the pia invaginates into ventricles to take part in the formation of choroids plexus Circulation of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)nCerebrospinal fluid is a clear colorless fluid,which acts as a transport medium for nutrients and vaster products and provides a protective fluid cus
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